Research progress on the effects of various macro and trace elements on fluorosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Endemic fluorosis is a common biogeochemical disease. Although the etiology is clear, its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. So far, there is no specific method to effectively treat fluorosis, mainly to prevent. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that a variety of macro elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and trace elements such as selenium and boron play a positive regulatory role in the occurrence and development of fluorosis, and have different degrees of influence in the body's antagonism against fluorosis. High levels of trace elements such as arsenic, lead, aluminum and chromium are risk factors for fluorosis. In view of the importance of a variety of macro and trace elements in human nutrition and health, this article reviews the latest developments in multiple elements and fluorosis, especially skeletal fluorosis and dental fluorosis, in order to further understand the causes of fluoride-induced health damage, and provide theoretical reference for improving the prevention strategies of fluorosis in a targeted manner.

Research of the chemical composition of Siberian larch bark (Larix sibirica Ldb) / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Abstract@#Since ancient times, In traditional medicine has been widely used for Tan medicine, which make to natural raw material. Nowadays, this practice has been renewed, and researches are being conducted to determine their chemical component, mineral content and to explain their activating mechanism. Compounds with antioxidant activity contained in the pharmaceutical raw materials has very important benefits for metabolism, organ system function and to inhibit inflammation, oxidation reaction. In Mongolian traditional medical sources literature noted that bark (Larix sibirica Ldb) has activity such as anticoagulant, anti-cancer, anti-flu and to decrease arterial hypertension and also it was included to composition of "Tanchin-25" reception. Spectrometry and Rentgen fluorescence spectroscopy were used to identify chemical composition and content of mineral in the sample of Larix bark (Larix sibirica Ldb). According to the exploration, content of total flavonoid were determined 0.773%, and by mineral test, essential macro and micro elements that were obtained Ca (18.74%), Mg (8.31%), P (13.29%), K (2.49%), Na (0.675%), Cu-(375ppm), Zn(715ppm), Cr (68ppm) and V (17ppm), Co (5ppm).

Some macro and trace elements in various tissues of Van fish variations according to gender and weight / Alguns macro elementos e traços em vários tecidos de variação de peixe Van de acordo com sexo e peso

Van fish is a fish that can live in soda water at pH 9-10. Van fishing area is a very important source of protein for the people. The variations in tissue metal levels according to gender and weight in Van fish (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) were studied. This study was conducted for the first time in Van fish. Which it is very important for living organisms Calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), potassium(K), cobalt(Co), chromium(Cr) and lithium(Li) elements levels in the muscle, liver, gill, gonad, and brain tissues of Van fish were investigated by using inductively-coupled plasma-optic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results were evaluated in two groups as macro-elements(Ca, Mg, Na, K) and trace-elements(Co, Cr, Li). Cobalt concentration in brain tissue was found to be higher than those in other tissues. Also, male fish had higher metal concentrations than female fish and their metal levels in brain and gonad tissues varied with their weight (P<0.05). This study shows that consumption of Van fish can be consumed to supply some necessary minerals required for a healthy nutrition.(AU)

Peixes van são a única espécie de peixe vivendo em pH 9-10 no mundo. A área de pescaria Van é uma fonte importante de proteína para a população. As variações de niveis de metal nos tecidos de acordo com sexo e peso do peixe Van (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) foram estudadas. Esse é o primeiro estudo conduzido com peixes Van. São importantes para organismos vivos o Calcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), sódio (Na), potássio (K), cobalto (Co), cromio (Cr), e lítio (Li) e foi investigado o nível desses elementos no músculo, fígado, brânquia, gônada, e tecido cerebral dos peixes Van utilizando espectrometria de emissão atômica por plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-OES). Os resultados foram avaliados em dois grupos como macro-elementos (Ca, Mg, Na, K) e traços (Co, Cr, Li). Concentração de cobalto em tecido cerebral foi mais alto que em outros tecidos. Peixes machos tinham concentração mais alta de metais que fêmeas e os níveis de metal no cérebro e gônadas variava com seu peso (P<0.05). Esse estudo mostra que o consumo de peixe Van pode suplementar alguns minerais necessários para uma nutrição saudável.(AU)