Distribución geográfica y brecha de género en la revisión por pares de una revista científica biomédica en Latinoamérica / Geographic distribution and gender gap in the peer review of a Latin American biomedical scientific journal

La revisión por pares es un proceso importante al permitir tomar decisiones previas a la publicación de un artículo. Sin embargo, existe escasa información en revistas científicas de Latinoamérica sobre los profesionales que participan en estos procesos. Este trabajo se propuso determinar la distribución geográfica y de género en la revisión por pares realizada en la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública. Se analizaron las listas de agradecimiento de quienes participaron en la revisión por pares de esta revista desde el año 2010 hasta el 2017. El país de procedencia se identificó a partir de la afiliación institucional, mencionada inicialmente por los revisores, y para la identificación del género se utilizaron los nombres. En caso de existir duda con el género se realizó una búsqueda de imágenes y de perfiles académicos públicos disponibles en Internet. Se encontraron 1 628 menciones de agradecimientos a profesionales que participaron en la revisión por pares; el 60,4 por ciento (n = 983) fueron procedentes del extranjero, principalmente de España, México, Chile, Colombia y Argentina. El 71,1 por ciento (n = 1158) fueron revisores hombres y el 28,9 por ciento (n = 470) revisoras. según la procedencia de las revisoras, el 35,0 por ciento (n = 344) fueron del extranjero y el 19,6 por ciento (n = 126) de Perú; y en los revisores hombres el 65,0 por ciento fueron del extranjero y el 80,6 por ciento de Perú. La revisión por pares en una revista científica biomédica en Perú fue realizada principalmente por profesionales de otros países de habla hispana. Existe una brecha de género que es mayor para la participación de revisoras de Perú(AU)

Peer review is an important process that makes it possible to take decisions before the publication of an article. However, little information is available in Latin American scientific journals about the professionals involved in this process. The purpose of the study was to determine the geographic and gender distribution of peer review in the Peruvian Journal of Experimental Medicine and Public Health. Data about peer reviewers were obtained from the acknowledgements sections of journal issues published from 2010 to 2017. The country of origin was identified from the institutional affiliation reported by peer reviewers, and gender was derived from their proper names. In the event of doubt about a reviewer's gender, a search was conducted for images and public academic profiles available on the Internet. A total 1 628 acknowledgement mentions were found, 60.4percent (n = 983) of which referred to overseas reviewers, mainly from Spain, Mexico, Chile, Colombia and Argentina. 71.1percent (n = 1 158) of the reviewers were male and 28.9percent (n = 470) were female. 35.0percent (n = 344) of the female reviewers were foreign and 19.6percent (n = 126) were from Peru, whereas 65.0percent of the male reviewers were foreign and 80.6percent were from Peru. Peer review in a Peruvian biomedical scientific journal was mainly conducted by professionals from other Spanish-speaking countries. A gender gap was observed which is wider for participation of Peruvian female reviewers(AU)

Tendencia y características de los manuscritos recibidos y rechazados en la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública entre 2011 y 2017 / Trend and characteristics of manuscripts received and rejected in the Peruvian Journal of Experimental Medicine and Public Health between 2011 and 2017

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de determinar la tendencia y características de los manuscritos recibidos y rechazados en la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública (RPMESP) se analizaron los manuscritos que siguieron el proceso editorial del 2011 a 2017 según tipo de manuscrito, características del autor corresponsal y decisiones de rechazo. Se encontró un incremento de manuscritos recibidos de 283 en el 2011 a 495 en el 2017. Los autores corresponsales del extranjero, de provincias del Perú, y del género femenino presentaron un incremento en la contribución total de manuscritos, así como de originales. El promedio global de rechazo fue de 63,1%, siendo 55,8% en el 2011 y 74,7% en el 2017. La no aceptación de los manuscritos originales antes de ser enviados a revisión por pares fue principalmente por deficiencias en el estilo y formato (51,5%). Se evidencia un incremento en la recepción y rechazo de manuscritos, con diferencias según características del autor corresponsal.

ABSTRACT In order to determine the trend and characteristics of the manuscripts received and rejected in the Peruvian Journal of Experimental Medicine and Public Health (RPMESP), the manuscripts that followed the editorial process from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed, according to the type of manuscript, characteristics of the corresponding author, and rejection decisions. An increase in manuscripts received was found, from 283 in 2011 to 495 in 2017. Corresponding authors from abroad, from the provinces of Peru, and females presented an increase in the total contribution of manuscripts, as well as originals. The global average rejection was 63.1%: 55.8% in 2011 and 74.7% in 2017. The non-acceptance of original manuscripts prior to peer review was mainly due to deficiencies in style and format (51.5%). There is an increase in the reception of manuscripts, with differences according to the characteristics of the corresponding author.

Suggestions for authors of medical articles / Sugestões para os autores de artigos médicos

ABSTRACT This manuscript is directed to those interested in writing medical articles. The author advises the use of certain conventions giving specific suggestions in homogenize the language of manuscripts whose purpose is their publication in specialized journals.

RESUMO Este manuscrito é dirigido aos interessados em escrever artigos médicos. O autor aconselha utilizar determinadas conveniências - sugestões pontuais - afim de homogeneizar a linguagem dos seus escritos cuja finalidade seja a publicação em periódicos especializados.

Revisiones por pares de protocolos presentados a un Comité local de investigación en salud. Tabasco, México, 2009 / Peer review of research projects showed to a health research local Committee. Tabasco, Mexico, 2009

INTRODUCCIÓN: Frecuentemente se encuentran errores en protocolos y reportes de investigación, su estudio permite detectar necesidades de educación continua. OBJETIVO: Identificar los errores en los protocolos presentados al Comité Local de Investigación en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, en Tabasco, México, durante el año 2009. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Diseño transversal descriptivo. Universo: 62 protocolos presentados en el año 2009. Muestra: no probabilística por conveniencia. Criterios de inclusión: protocolos presentados y dictaminados durante el período de estudio, que cuenten con registros de su revisión por pares. Variables: dictámenes, revisores y errores: de presentación, introducción, método y éticos. Fuente de información: archivos de revisiones por pares con base en la "Guía para la evaluación de protocolos de investigación" del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Procedimientos: sistematización de información de revisiones por pares. Análisis: estadística descriptiva. Software: Epi Info® versión 3.3.2 para entorno Windows™. RESULTADOS: Se dictaminaron 50 protocolos de investigación: 32 autorizados (64%), 10 no autorizados (20%) y 8 con dictamen de modificarlo y volverlo a presentar (16%). Errores más frecuentes: sintaxis y ortografía incorrectas, (62%;), carta de consentimiento informado inadecuada, 45%; fundamentación inadecuada del problema, 36%; descripción insuficiente de procedimientos, 36%. CONCLUSIONES: Los errores en las consideraciones éticas y de redacción son los más frecuentes en los protocolos de investigación presentados al Comité Local de Investigación en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Tabasco. Se requiere capacitar en estos aspectos al personal de salud de la institución que realiza o asesora trabajos de investigación

INTRODUCTION: Frequently they found fails in research projects and reports, and your study show continuing education needs. OBJECTIVE: to identify errors in projects presented to Health Research Local Committee of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social from Tabasco, Mexico, during 2009. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional and descriptive design. Universe: 62 projects presented in 2009. Sample: no randomized for convenience. Inclusion criteria: projects presented and ruled in 2009 that and counted with peer review files. Variables: verdicts, reviewers, presentation errors, introduction errors, method errors, ethic methods. Information source: peer review files based on "Research projects evaluation guide" of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Procedures: systematization of peer review information. Analysis: descriptive statistic. Software: Epi Info© version 3.3.2 for Windows™ environment. RESULTS: 50 research projects were ruled: 32 authorized (64%), 10 non-authorized (20%), 8 with modification and sending back to peer-review (16%). As the most frecuent errors, were found: incorrect syntax and spelling 62%, inadequate informed consent letter 45%, lack of appropriate foundation 36%, insufficient description of procedures 36%. Conclusions: The most frequents errors in the research projects presented to the Health Research Local Committee of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social were about the ethical considerations and the redaction. For this reason to qualify in these aspects to health personnel of institution that carry out and advice on research works is required

The ethical issues of research involving human beings contained in the editorial guidelines of Brazilian medical journals / Os aspectos éticos das pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos contidos nas diretrizes editoriais das revistas médicas brasileiras

The present study aimed to analyze the ethical aspects contained in the sections Instructions to authors of Brazilian medical journals which were highly qualified on the assessment of the Qualis program of Conselho Técnico Científico da Educação Superior (CTC-ES) (Medicine I area - reference year 2007). Moreover, we searched in the journals that present information about the ethical issues involved in research with humans, if these journals inform the authors about how they should confirm to the editors the compliance with ethical issues of their studies. The editorial guidelines of 34 journals (17.6%, B2 score; 35.3% B3 score; 47.1% B4 score) were analyzed. It was observed that only 7 (20.6%) journals do no mention some ethical questions related to research involving human subjects and that 25 (73.5%) journals indicate the need for approval of research by Ethics Committee of the institution where the study was conducted. However, less than half (44.1%) of the journals clearly indicate in their Instructions to authors that information about the ethical aspects of research involving human subjects should be cited in the text of the manuscript submitted. Thus, further improvement is still necessary regarding the approach of ethical issues in the editorial guidelines of the Brazilian medical journals analyzed. Researches like this seek to contribute with the discussion about the awareness of editors, so that they mention in the instructions of their journals the principles, rules and ethical standards that must be considered in the research involving human beings.

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar os aspectos éticos contidos na seção Instruções aos autores dos periódicos médicos brasileiros mais bem conceituados na avaliação do Qualis de Periódicos do Conselho Técnico Científico da Educação Superior (CTC-ES) (Área Medicina I ano base 2007). Além disso, buscou investigar nos periódicos que disponibilizam alguma informação sobre as questões éticas envolvidas na experimentação em seres humanos, se os mesmos informam aos autores a maneira com que eles devem confirmar aos editores o cumprimento das questões éticas dos seus estudos. As diretrizes editoriais de 34 periódicos (17,6%, conceito B2; 35,3% conceito B3; 47,1% conceito B4) foram analisadas. Foi observado que apenas 7 (20,6%) dos periódicos analisados não mencionaram alguma questão ética relacionada à pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos e que 25 (73,5%) deles indicam a necessidade de aprovação da pesquisa pelo Comitê de Ética da instituição onde o estudo foi conduzido. Contudo, menos da metade (44,1%) dos periódicos analisados deixaram claro em suas Instruções aos Autores que informações sobre os aspetos éticos da pesquisa com seres humanos devem ser citados no corpo do manuscrito. Assim, concluiu-se que ainda são necessárias maiores melhorias quanto à abordagem das questões éticas nas diretrizes editoriais dos periódicos médicos brasileiros analisados. Pesquisas como esta visam a contribuir com a discussão sobre a conscientização dos editores para que façam constar nas instruções dos seus periódicos os princípios, normas e padrões éticos que devem ser obedecidos na pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos.