MobileNetV3 network-based diagnosis of caries and periapical periodontitis from periapical films / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To research the effectiveness of deep learning techniques in intelligently diagnosing dental caries and periapical periodontitis and to explore the preliminary application value of deep learning in the diagnosis of oral diseases@*Methods@#A dataset containing 2 298 periapical films, including healthy teeth, dental caries, and periapical periodontitis, was used for the study. The dataset was randomly divided into 1 573 training images, 233 validation images, and 492 test images. By comparing various neural network models, the MobileNetV3 network model with better performance was selected for dental disease diagnosis, and the model was optimized by tuning the network hyperparameters. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were used to evaluate the model's ability to recognize dental caries and periapical periodontitis. Class activation map was used to visualization analyze the performance of the network model@*Results@#The algorithm achieved a relatively ideal intelligent diagnostic effect with precision, recall, and accuracy of 99.42%, 99.73%, and 99.60%, respectively, and the F1 score was 99.57% for classifying healthy teeth, dental caries, and periapical periodontitis. The visualization of the class activation maps also showed that the network model can accurately extract features of dental diseases.@*Conclusion@#The tooth lesion detection algorithm based on the MobileNetV3 network model can eliminate interference from image quality and human factors and has high diagnostic accuracy, which can meet the needs of dental medicine teaching and clinical applications.

Knowledge Map and Trend Prospect of Doctor-patient Communication Research in China / 中国医学伦理学

In order to understand the experience and to sort out hot spots and frontier problems of doctor-patient communication research in China. CiteSpace(5.8.R2) software was used for visualized analysis of 2 130 doctor-patient communication related Chinese literatures collected from CNKI database. The research framework and study quality and efficiency were evaluated by subject clustering analysis. The results reflected the characteristics of obvious practice forerunner, prominent academic consciousness, rich exploration achievements, more learning and reference. There were also shortcomings such as theoretical sublimation, innovative thinking, regional crossover, local experience and other aspects. Therefore, the research field should be expanded to media-based information and emotional connection, the research method should be expanded to the combination of big data mining and individual analysis-evaluation, the subject should be expanded to the depth cooperation of experts from multiple disciplines, and the research scope should be expanded to the whole process of multiple disciplines and fields.

Mapa microbiológico: software para los laboratorios de microbiología

Introducción: El mapa microbiológico permite conocer desde una situación infecciosa particular hasta la epidemiología de toda la institución en torno a las infecciones, así como las opciones terapéuticas. Objetivos: Crear una base de datos que analice los datos registrados mediante consultas y formularios a partir de criterios de búsqueda. Métodos: Se confeccionó una base de datos empleando Microsoft Access, y se organizó la información usando lenguajes de programación SQL y VBA mediante consultas y formularios. Resultados: Se obtuvieron tablas, consultas y formularios para proporcionar la información de acuerdo a las exigencias del laboratorio y el servicio que lo solicita. Conclusiones: El software ofrece una solución al acceso de la información de forma digital, rápida y certera, además de segura. El registro de los datos es el único proceder manual, con lo que se minimizan las jornadas dedicadas al desarrollo del informe final. Se sugiere el empleo del mapa microbiológico en Microsoft Access como herramienta en los laboratorios de microbiología.

Introduction: The microbiological map allows us to know from a particular infectious situation to the epidemiology of the entire institution regarding infections, as well as therapeutic options. Objectives: To create a database that groups the results of microorganisms isolated in the laboratory and their susceptibility (according to the antibiogram), capable of grouping queries and accounts based on search criteria. Methods: A database was created using Microsoft Access, and the information was organized using SQL and VBA programming languages, through queries and forms. Results: Tables, consultations and forms were obtained to provide information according to the requirements of the laboratory and the service that requests it. Conclusions: The software offers a solution to access information digitally, quickly, accurately, and safely. Data recording is the only manual procedure, thus minimizing the days dedicated to the development of the final report. The use of the microbiological map using Microsoft Access is suggested as a tool in microbiology laboratories.

Mapa de evidências sobre a efetividade clínica da acupuntura: informe executivo. / Evidence map on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture: executive report

Este informe executivo apresenta os principais achados do mapa de evidências sobre os efeitos da Acupuntura para desfechos em saúde, que representa a evidência de 163 estudos de revisão que analisaram o efeito da acupuntura como intervenção para pelo menos um dos 96 desfechos de saúde organizados em 14 grupos: Câncer e Neoplasias; Dor; Doenças Cardiovasculares; Doenças Respiratórias; Doenças Reumáticas e Musculoesqueléticas; Doenças Nutricionais, Metabólicas e Endócrinas; Doenças do Sistema Nervoso; Dermatopatias; Gastroenteropatias; Indicadores Metabólicos e Fisiológicos; Oftalmopatias e Otorrinolaringopatias; Sinais e Sintomas; Transtornos Mentais; e Outros desfechos. No todo foram 201 associações entre acupuntura e os desfechos de saúde. Para cada associação intervenção-desfecho foi incluído o efeito reportado pelo estudo de revisão.

This executive report presents the main findings of the evidence map on the effects of acupuncture for health outcomes, representing evidence from 163 review studies that analyzed the effect of acupuncture as an intervention for at least one of the 96 health outcomes organized into 14 groups: Cancer and Neoplasms; Pain; Cardiovascular Diseases; Respiratory Diseases; Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases; Nutritional, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases; Diseases of the Nervous System; Dermatopathies; Gastroenteropathies; Metabolic and Physiological Indicators; Ophthalmopathies and Otorhinolaryngopathies; Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders; and Other outcomes. In total, there were 201 associations between acupuncture and health outcomes. For each intervention-outcome association, the reported effect by the review study was included.

Este informe ejecutivo presenta los principales hallazgos del mapa de evidencia sobre los efectos de la acupuntura en los resultados de salud, representando la evidencia de 163 estudios de revisión que analizaron el efecto de la acupuntura como intervención para al menos uno de los 96 resultados de salud organizados en 14 grupos: Cáncer y Neoplasias; Dolor; Enfermedades Cardiovasculares; Enfermedades Respiratorias; Enfermedades Reumáticas y Musculoesqueléticas; Enfermedades Nutricionales, Metabólicas y Endocrinas; Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso; Dermatopatías; Gastroenteropatías; Indicadores Metabólicos y Fisiológicos; Oftalmopatías y Otorrinolaringopatías; Signos y Síntomas; Trastornos Mentales; y Otros resultados. En total, hubo 201 asociaciones entre la acupuntura y los resultados de salud. Para cada asociación intervención-resultados se incluyó el efecto informado por el estudio de revisión.

Association of serum complement C3, C4 with renal pathological lesion degree in IgA nephropathy patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between the levels of serum complement C3 and C4 and the degree of renal pathological injury in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).Methods:It was a retrospective study. The clinical and pathological data of patients with primary IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy in the Department of Nephrology of the Second People's Hospital of Qujing City, Yunnan Province from December 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022 were collected. According to the IgAN Oxford classification criteria, the patients were divided into mild renal pathological injury group (mild group, <3 pathologic types) and severe renal pathological injury group (severe group, ≥3 pathological types). The levels of serum C3 and C4 and other clinical data were compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between serum C3, C4 levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during renal biopsy.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the pathological injury degree in IgAN patients and the forest map depicted the effect of risk factors.Results:A total of 164 IgAN patients were included in the study, including 77 males (47.0%), aged (35.5±12.9) years old. There were 60 patients in the mild group and 104 patients in the severe group. Compared with the mild group, the patients in the severe group were older, had higher levels of serum C4, serum uric acid, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and 24 h urinary protein, higher proportions of hypertension, glucocorticoids/immunosuppressant therapy, C3 deposition in renal tissues and microscopic hematuria, and had lower hemoglobin and serum C3 level (all P<0.05). The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the level of serum C3 was positively correlated with eGFR ( r=0.303, P<0.001), and the level of serum C4 was negatively correlated with eGFR ( r=-0.238, P=0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that serum C3 (every 0.01 g/L increase, OR=0.976, 95% CI 0.957-0.996, P=0.018), serum C4 (every 0.01 g/L increase, OR=1.091, 95% CI 1.020-1.166, P=0.011), hemoglobin ( OR=0.969, 95% CI 0.950-0.988, P=0.002), and serum uric acid ( OR=1.005, 95% CI 1.001-1.009, P=0.012) were independent related factors of renal pathological damage (severe injury /mild injury) in IgAN patients. Conclusions:Serum C3 and C4 are independent related factors of the severity of renal pathological injury in IgAN patients.

Visualized analysis on trend and hot spot of research on multimorbidity using knowledge map / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the trend and hot spots of research on multimorbidity.Methods:The Chinese and English literature in databases of CNKI, Wanfang data and Web of science from inception to July 2022 were retrieved using "multimorbidity" and "multiple chronic conditions" as the search terms. The scientific knowledge mapping software VOSviewer was used to analyze the co-occurrence network of scientific knowledge from the aspects of countries, Chinese and English keywords,burst terms and existing research results; and the status quo and hot trends of studies on multimorbidity at home and abroad were summarized and compared.Results:A total of 251 Chinese publications and 6 351 English publications were included. From the perspective of research trends, the overall trend of domestic and international publications showed a fluctuating upward trend in general, but the pace of development was different. The cooperation network represented by the United States, England, Canada, China, Japan, Australia and other countries was the largest regional cooperation network. Germany, the Netherlands, the United States, Australia and other countries were the first regions to carry out studies on multimorbidity. Studies on multimorbidity in China mainly focused on three topics: diagnosis, treatment and care of multimorbidity, common disease management of multimorbidity, and research methods of multimorbidity. The English literature mainly focused on the clustering of three topics: multi-disease co-diagnosis and care research, multi-disease co-management model research, and multimorbidity related research. The analysis of burst terms indicated the research focus and trend change in different time periods. The results of the outburst word analysis showed that the recent research hotspots of multimorbidity were public health, machine learning, geriatric medicine and so on.Conclusions:The number of studies on the multimorbidity is rapidly increasing both domestically and internationally, and related research in China is still in the early stages of development. In terms of research hotspots, the research of multimorbidity has gradually shifted from phenomenon description to topics such as medical services and research methods of multimorbidity.

Effect of edaravone on ERK-CREB signaling pathway in hippocampus of aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of edaravone on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods:Sixty SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 20 months, weighing 650-700 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), POCD group (group P), edaravone group (group E) and ERK inhibitor group (group I). The rats received laparotomy under 3% sevoflurane anesthesia to prepare POCD model in P, E and I groups. Edaravone 3 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before operation in E and I groups, ERK inhibitor PD98059 0.3 mg/kg was injected via the tail vein in group I. The open field test was performed at 3 days after operation to evaluate the spontaneous activity of rats, then Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognitive function of rats on 3-7 days after operation. The rats were sacrificed after the end of Morris water maze test, and hippocampal tissues were obtained for determination of the expression of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB), synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) (by Western blot) and dendrite length and density of dendrites in hippocampal CA1 area (using Golgi staining). Results:Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged after operation, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was down-regulated, and the dendritic length and density of hippocampal neurons were reduced in group P ( P<0.05). Compared with group P, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the number of crossing the original platform was increased, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was up-regulated, and the dendritic length and density of hippocampal neurons were increased in group E ( P<0.05). Compared with group E, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, synaptophysin and PSD-95 was down-regulated, the dendritic length of hippocampal neurons was shortened, and the density of hippocampal neurons was decreased in group I( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which edaravone improves POCD may be related to activating ERK/CREB signaling pathway and changing synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 region in aged rats.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on TXNIP/ASK1 signaling pathway in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1) signaling pathway in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods:Thirty-two SPF healthy adult male C57BL/6J mice, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), intestinal I/R group (I/R group), TXNIP inhibitor resveratrol group (Res group) and dexmedetomidine group (Dex group). The mouse model of intestinal I/R injury was developed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by 120-min reperfusion in anesthetized animals. Resveratrol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected before developing the model in Res group, and dexmedetomidine 25 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia in Dex group. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at the end of 120-min reperfusion, then the mice were sacrificed, and the small intestine tissues were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of the serum diamine oxidase (DAO) concentration (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and expression of TXNIP, ASK1 and cleaved-caspase-3 in small intestinal tissues (by Western blot). The apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells was calculated. The intestinal damage was assessed and scored according to Chiu. Results:Compared with group Sham, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentrations and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly increased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was up-regulated in group I/R ( P<0.05). Compared with group I/R, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentration and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly decreased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was down-regulated in group Res ( P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the Chiu′s score, serum DAO concentration and apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells were significantly decreased, and the expression of TXNIP, ASK-1 and cleaved-caspase-3 was down-regulated in Dex group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine alleviates intestinal I/R injury may be related to inhibition of the TXNIP/ASK1 signaling pathway and reduction of cell apoptosis in mice.

Analysis of research hotspots and frontiers in the training of health management talents in China based on knowledge mapping / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and frontiers in the training of health management talents in China based on knowledge mapping.Methods:The literature related to talent training in health management was retrieved from the databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Journals from 2007 to 2022. The keywords used for retrieval included “health management” “curriculum system” “health manager” “evaluation system” “health service and management” and “talent training”. The time distribution of the literature was analyzed using Excel. Bibliometric analysis was conducted to visually analyze the research in health management talent training, focusing on authorship and collaboration, research institutions, high-frequency keywords, and research hotspots. A knowledge map was created to outline the research framework.Results:A total of 378 journal articles were retrieved. Over the past decade, there has been an overall increasing trend in the number of research publications related to health management talent training. The highest number of articles was published in 2021 (63 articles). In terms of spatial distribution, highly productive authors were relatively concentrated, and research institutions were mostly universities, with Hangzhou Normal University having the highest number of publications (14 articles). The research hotspots included health managers, practice teaching modes, cross-cultivation, and discipline construction. The research frontiers concentrated on talent training modes, health service and management professions, talent demand, and curriculum system construction.Conclusions:In the past decade, health management talents training in China has received more attention and importance. However, there is limited exchange and cooperation among authors and research institutions, and the research hotspots continue to extend in the direction of specialization and diversification. The transformation from vocational education to academic education and strengthening professional construction are the frontiers of the research.

Thyroxine promotes the progression of integrin α vβ 3-positive differentiated thyroid cancer through the ERK1/2 pathway / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To explore whether thyroxine (T 4) could promote differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) progression by binding to integrin α vβ 3in vitro and its downstream mechanism. Methods:Papillary thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1, K1 and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) cell line FTC133 were cultured in vitro, and the expressions of integrin α vβ 3 in those 3 DTC cell lines were determined with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. After the treatment of T 4, tetraiodo thyroacetic acid (Tetrac) and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide alone or in combination, the proliferation and metastatic potential of DTC cell lines were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell migration and invasion assays. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to verify whether integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown could reverse the effect of T 4 on DTC cells. The expression levels of downstream signaling proteins phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)1/2 and total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were detected by Western blot. The effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibitor (GSK1120212) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of T 4-treated cells were detected. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used for data analysis. Results:The integrin α vβ 3 expressions in TPC-1, K1 and FTC133 cells were all positive, with the relative mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 61.93±18.61, 16.89±2.43 and 32.36±0.83, and the percentages of positive cells of (94.38±1.30)%, (74.11±3.87)% and (50.67±1.78)%, respectively ( F values: 13.36 and 217.30, P=0.006 and P<0.001). Compared with control group, the proliferation, migration and invasion in the three DTC cell lines treated with T 4 were significantly enhanced (96 h, F values: 62.67-297.50, q values: 13.15-20.73, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were markedly reversed by Tetrac or RGD (96 h, q values: 8.61-17.54, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were also significantly inhibited by the knockdown of integrin α v or β 3 subunit (72 h, F values: 7.75-70.98, q values: 4.77-15.21, all P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 in DTC cells were significantly increased by T 4 treatment, and the T 4-induced activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway could be blocked by Tetrac, RGD, integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown. T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly reversed by GSK1120212 (96 h, F values: 47.53-151.40, q values: 10.32-16.65, all P<0.001). Conclusion:T 4 can promote cell proliferation and metastasis of DTC cells by binding to integrin α vβ 3 and activating the ERK1/2 pathway.

CiteSpace knowledge map of research hotspots and frontiers of Polygalae Radix / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) were searched comprehensively for the literature about the research on Polygalae Radix. After manual screening, 1 207 Chinese articles and 263 English articles were included in this study. Excel was used to draw the line chart of the annual number of relevant publications. CiteSpace 6.1.R3 was used for the visual analysis of author cooperation, publishing institutions, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, and bursts in the research on Polygalae Radix. The results showed that the number of articles published in Chinese and English increased linearly, which indicated the rising research popularity of Polygalae Radix. WANG J and LIU X were the authors publishing the most articles in Chinese and English, respectively. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were the research institutions with the largest number of Chinese and English publications in this field, respectively. The institutions publishing the relevant articles in English formed a system with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences as the core. According to the keywords, the research hotspots of Polygalae Radix included variety selection and breeding, quality standard, extraction and identification of active chemical components, prescription compatibility, processing, clinical medication rules, and pharmacological mechanism. The research frontiers were the molecular mechanisms of Polygalae Radix and its active components in exerting the protective effect on brain nerve, regulating receptor pathways, alleviating anxiety and Alzheimer's disease, as well as data mining and clinical medication summary. This study has reference significance for the topic selection and frontier identification of the future research on Polygalae Radix.

CiteSpace knowledge map of gut microbiota research involving traditional Chinese medicine in recent twenty years / 中国中药杂志

We employed bibliometrics to comprehensively study the hotspots and frontiers of gut microbiota research involving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), aiming to provide new ideas for the subsequent research in this field. The studies of gut microbiota with TCM published from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2021 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Web of Science(WoS). After data screening and cleaning, CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to visualize and analyze the authors, journals, and keywords. A total of 1 119 Chinese articles and 815 English articles were included in the study. The period of 2019-2021 witnessed the surge in the number of articles published in this field, being the peak research period. TAN Zhou-jin and DUAN Jin-ao were the authors publishing the most articles in Chinese and English, respectively. The two authors ranked top in both Chinese and English articles, playing a central role in this research field. The top five Chinese and English journals in this field had a large influence in the international research field. High-frequency keywords and keyword clustering showed that the research hotspots in this field were concentrated in four areas: trial and clinical research on the regulation of gut microbiota in disease treatment by TCM, metabolic transformation of Chinese medicines by gut microbiota, and the effect of TCM added to feed on the gut microbiota and growth performance of animals. The study of gut microbiota structure in patients with different TCM syndromes, as well as that of TCM combined with probiotics/flora transplantation in the treatment of diseases, can provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and traditional drug treatment of diseases and has great research space and research value in the future.

Corona virus disease 2019 lesion segmentation network based on an adaptive joint loss function / 生物医学工程学杂志

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease with strong contagiousness, strong variability, and long incubation period. The probability of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis can be significantly decreased with the use of automatic segmentation of COVID-19 lesions based on computed tomography images, which helps doctors in rapid diagnosis and precise treatment. This paper introduced the level set generalized Dice loss function (LGDL) in conjunction with the level set segmentation method based on COVID-19 lesion segmentation network and proposed a dual-path COVID-19 lesion segmentation network (Dual-SAUNet++) to address the pain points such as the complex symptoms of COVID-19 and the blurred boundaries that are challenging to segment. LGDL is an adaptive weight joint loss obtained by combining the generalized Dice loss of the mask path and the mean square error of the level set path. On the test set, the model achieved Dice similarity coefficient of (87.81 ± 10.86)%, intersection over union of (79.20 ± 14.58)%, sensitivity of (94.18 ± 13.56)%, specificity of (99.83 ± 0.43)% and Hausdorff distance of 18.29 ± 31.48 mm. Studies indicated that Dual-SAUNet++ has a great anti-noise capability and it can segment multi-scale lesions while simultaneously focusing on their area and border information. The method proposed in this paper assists doctors in judging the severity of COVID-19 infection by accurately segmenting the lesion, and provides a reliable basis for subsequent clinical treatment.

Evidence mapping analysis of clinical research on traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of vertigo / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the evidence map system was used to sort out the clinical research evidence on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of vertigo and understand the evidence distribution in this field. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and Web of Science were searched for the clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) and systematic reviews/Meta-analysis on TCM treatment of vertigo in recent five years, and the evidence was analyzed and presented in the form of text and charts. The Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions was used to evaluate the quality of the clinical RCT, and the AMSTAR mea-surement tool was used to evaluate the quality of the systematic reviews/Meta-analysis. A total of 382 RCTs and eight systematic reviews/Meta-analysis were included. In recent five years, the number of published articles has been on the rise. There were many intervention measures and TCM therapies for vertigo. Outcome indicators mainly included clinical efficacy, TCM syndrome score, vertigo score, occurrence of adverse reactions, and effective rate. The overall quality of clinical RCT and systematic reviews/Meta-analysis was low. Most studies have proven the potential efficacy of TCM in treating vertigo, but there was still no clear clinical evidence of efficacy. The results show that TCM has advantages in the treatment of vertigo, but there are also problems. More high-quality studies are still lacking, suggesting that more large-sample and multi-center RCT should be conducted in the future, and the quality of relevant syste-matic reviews/Meta-analysis should be improved to fully explore the advantages of TCM in the treatment of vertigo, and provide strong support for the effectiveness and safety of TCM in the treatment of vertigo.

Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in stroke: a visualized analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the current status and frontier hotspots of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the field of stroke. MethodsRelevant literature on stroke and fNIRS from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched from its inception to July, 2023. VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Scimago were utilized for analysis of publication output, countries (regions) and institutions, international collaboration, co-cited references, co-occurring keywords and burst keywords. ResultsA total of 379 articles were included. The research activity in this field showed an overall upward trend with slight fluctuations in the early stage. Among the top five institutions by publication output, four were from China. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that Beihang University and Boston Children's Hospital were central in collaboration networks. This study involved 1 787 authors, with 120 core authors, in which the top five most cited authors were Li Zengyong, Li Wenhao, Huo Congcong, Dou Zulin and Song Ying. The publications in this field were primarily concentrated in disciplines such as neurology, psychiatry, ophthalmology and clinical medicine. Overlay visualization of journal co-citation networks demonstrated associations between medical, clinical, and neurology disciplines with psychology, education, and sociology. Co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords indicated research emphasis on stroke rehabilitation, integration of multiple technical modalities, and exploration of innovative training strategies and brain activation connectivity. The research evolution of fNIRS in the stroke domain revealed initial use of photodiode devices for cerebral ischemia reperfusion monitoring. Subsequent studies refined cortical activation through improved laser sources, avalanche photodiodes, single-task experimental designs and transcranial direct current stimulation. Later, research extended to whole-brain detection, multimodal stimulation and the combination of virtual reality technology with audiovisual stimulation, resulting in significantly enhanced brain activation. The application of brain-computer interface technology further facilitated direct restoration of motor function. ConclusionResearches in the field of stroke using fNIRS technology overall demonstrat a continuous upward trend. The researches focuse on post-stroke rehabilitation, integrating multimodal fusion, brain-computer interfaces, virtual reality, and sensory stimulation for real-time monitoring and personalized neurorehabilitation training strategies. It emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration, expanding innovative research and the application of new technologies.

Domestic and international researches related to postpartum rehabilitation in the last decade: a visualized analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo analyze the research hotspots and development trends of postpartum rehabilitation at home and abroad in the past ten years. MethodsCiteSpace 6.2.R2 was used to analyze the co-occurrence, cluster, and bursting of keywords of the relevant literature in the field of postpartum rehabilitation in CNKI and Web of Science (WOS) in the past ten years. ResultsTotally, 2 686 Chinese papaers were included in CNKI and 1 247 English papers were included in WOS. Both databases showed an increasing trend in the number of publications related to the field of postpartum rehabilitation, but the overall number of publications in CNKI grew faster and the total number of publications was more than that in WOS. For CNKI, there were 455 nodes, 1 102 links, with a density of 0.010 7; nine clusters were obtained; the bursting keywords showed that the diseases of concern shifted from breast distension and pain to pelvic floor diseases, and the hot spots of treatment methods shifted from Chinese medicine to electrical stimulation, biofeedback, and then pelvic floor training. For WOS, there were 463 nodes, 1 633 connected lines, with a density of 0.015 3; 14 clusters were obtained; the bursting keywords showed that the disease hotspots of concern shifted from anal prolapse and postpartum hemorrhage to organ prolapse, the hotspots of treatment methods shifted from analgesia to exercise, and the focus of research methods shifted from trial to qualitative research and meta-analysis. ConclusionDomestic postpartum rehabilitation started later than foreign countries. Although certain research results have been achieved, there is still a certain gap compared with the development of foreign postpartum rehabilitation.

Current research status and prospect of organ donation discipline construction in China: a bibliometric analysis / 器官移植

Objective To refine and summarize the research status and development trend of organ donation discipline in China. Methods Relevant Chinese and English literatures related to organ donation were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science core collection database from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. Visual analysis was performed by the CiteSpace software from the number of published articles, keywords, journal source distribution, cooperation network of core authors, main research institutions, and citation of key literatures, etc. Results A total of 792 articles were published from 2018 to 2022, with an average annual number of 158 articles, which showed a rapidly upward trend. Among them, 182 articles were published in the form of postgraduate dissertation, accounting for 23%. Common keywords included organ transplantation, brain death, cardiac death, willingness/cognition/attitude, legal system, influencing factor/risk factor, infection/complication, Organ Procurement Organization, prognosis/quality, education for college students/medical students, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, children, ischemia-reperfusion injury, donor-derived infection, ethics, expended criteria donor, nursing and coordinator, etc. Keyword clustering hotspots focused on the theme of “organ donation” and branched into multiple disciplines. The publications of research results were characterized with pluralism and diversity, and the research contents were centered on medicine and spanned a wide range of disciplines. A large proportion of researches were published by the teams from large-scale organ transplantation institutions, and relatively close cooperative relationship was formed within the institutions. However, the intensity of cooperation among different institutions was relatively low, and the cooperative relationship among authors was insufficient, which failed to form an intimate academic network. The top five countries worldwide regarding the number of published articles were the U.S. (n=940), U.K. (n=377), Spain (n=263), Canada (n=241) and China (n=181), indicating that the achievements of Chinese researchers have been gradually recognized in the international academic community. Conclusions From the quantity and content of published articles in recent years, “organ donation” has laid certain research foundation in China. It is one of the topics concerned and widely studied by multiple academic communities in China. Relevant research issues have multidisciplinary, plural and diverse characteristics.

Quality evaluation of anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective Establish quality control methods for critical quality attribute of bispecific antibody against programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(CTLA-4).Methods The biological activity of PD-1 target was determined by reporter gene assay,and the competitive binding activity of CTLA-4 target was determined by flow cytometry;The antibody molecular size variants were controlled by reducing/non-reducing capillary electrophoresis-sodium dodecyl sulfonate(CE-SDS) and size exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography(SEC-HPLC);Charge heterogeneity was determined by imaging capillary isoelectric focusing electrophoresis(iCIEF);Bispecific anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 antibody was identified by peptide map analysis;Glycosylation was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)Results The concentration for 50% of maximal effect(EC_(50)) of PD-1target was(6.91±0.78) nmol/L,and the relative biological potency to the reference was(103.50±13.08)% with the RSD of 12.64%;The EC_(50) of CTLA-4 target activity was(0.35±0.28) nmol/L,and the relative biological potency was(99.30±9.15)% with the RSD of 8.32%.The percentage of peak area of light chain and heavy chain of reducing CE-SDS was(98.86±0.02)%.The main peak area percentage of non-reducing CE-SDS was(93.07±0.13)%,fragment percentage was(4.44±0.13)%,and polymer percentage was(2.49±0.15)%.The peak area percentage of SEC-HPLC monomer and polymer were(97.20±0.01)% and(2.68±0.01)%,respectively.The area percentage of peak A group,peak B group,peak C group and peak D group were(38.43±0.54)%,(43.26±0.32)%,(11.31±0.14)% and(7.00±0.17)%,respectively.Peptide mapping showed the specific spectrum of the bispecific anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 antibody,which could be adopted for identification test.The highest proportion of glycotype was GOF,with a content of(41.06±0.11)%,There were three types of glycan containing sialic acid,namely G2F+G1F-NANA,G2F-NANA and G2F-2NANA,with the content of(12.44±0.12)%,(12.00±0.05)% and(5.37±0.05)%,respectively.The total content of glycan containing sialic acid was(29.80±0.20)%.Conclusion The critical quality attributes of bispecific anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 antibody were studied and the corresponding quality control methods were established to ensure its safety,effectiveness and quality control,which provides a reference for the quality control methods and strategies of this type of monoclonal antibody products.

Bibliometric and visual analysis of ankylosing spondylitis research hotspots from 2012 to 2021 based on CiteSpace / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:The related literatures of ankylosing spondylitis in recent 10 years were visually analyzed by bibliometrics to explore the research hotspots and trends in this field.Methods:The Web of Science core collection database was used as the data source to retrieve relevant literatures on ankylosing spondylitis included from 2012 to 2021, and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software was used to conduct keywords analysis of co-occurrence, burst, clustering and timeline, co-citation and burst analysis of references, and draw visual knowledge maps.Results:A total of 8 684 papers were included, and the overall number of publications showed a steady trend of increase, nearly doubled in the past 10 years. Thirteen papers with high academic influence were analyzed. Keywords such as pathogenesis, impact factors, epidemiology, treatment progression, and quality of life were hot research topics in recent years.Conclusion:In this study, through visual analysis of the literature in the field of ankylosing spondylitis research, it is found that secukinumab and ustekinomab are the future research hotspots and trends in this field.

Application of mind map combined with daily mini-clinical evaluation exercise in standardized residency training of gynecology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application of mind map combined with daily mini-clinical evaluation exercise in standardized training of gynecological residents.Methods:A total of 100 trainees who received standardized training in Department of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, were selected as subjects, and they were divided into control group (traditional teaching) and observation group (mind map combined with daily mini-clinical evaluation exercise) according to the order by which they entered the department for training, with 50 trainees in each group. After teaching, the two groups were compared in terms of assessment results of clinical practice exercise and degree of satisfaction with teaching. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for the t-test. Results:After the application of mind map combined with daily mini-clinical evaluation exercise in the standardized training of gynecological residents, compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher assessment results of inquiry ability, specialized physical examination, clinical diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment regimen, clinical practice ability, communication ability, clinical thinking ability, decision-making ability for clinical issues, and overall performance ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher levels of mastery of clinical inquiry ability, specialized physical examination, development of diagnosis and treatment regimen, doctor-patient communication ability, and clinical practice ability, as well as a significantly higher overall teaching satisfaction score ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Mind map combined with daily mini-clinical evaluation exercise is a simple and feasible teaching method and can help to improve the comprehensive clinical practice ability of trainees receiving standardized residency training, and therefore, it holds promise for application in teaching.