RESUMO
Objective@# To investigate the influence of mechanical debridement on the subgingival microbiome in chronic periodontitis by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.@*Methods@#Patients with generalized moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited into this study and received oral hygiene instruction and supragingival scaling. One week later, they received ultrasonic and manual subgingival scaling and root planning. Clinical parameters were recorded and subgingival plaques were sampled at baseline and 3 months and 6 months after treatment. The comprehensive profiles of the subgingival microbiome were analyzed by sequencing the V3-4 region of 16S rRNA with the Illumina MiSeq platform.@*Results @#Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness and diversity of the subgingival community were consistent before and after treatment, but a significant difference in community structure was detected only between baseline and month 3 by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). After 3 months, the clinical parameter as probing depth (PD) decreased significantly and the relative abundances of the genera related to periodontitis such as Porphyromonas, Treponema, Tannerella, and Filifactor decreased significantly. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of the genera associated with periodontal health increased, such as Capnocytophaga, Kingella. Six months later, however, less genera related to periodontitis decreased significantly from the baseline level, such as Filifactor. PD decreased significantly compared with baseline, but increased significantly compared with 3 months after treatment. @* Conclusion@#Mechanical debridement alone could relieve periodontal inflammation and balance microbial dysbiosis and the greater efficacy occurred 3 months after treatment.
RESUMO
Estudos prévios têm sugerido que a técnica de desinfecção total da boca (DTB) em um estágio resulta em uma resposta mais favorável ao tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi analisar os estudos relacionados ao protocolo de DTB em um estágio. A partir de 1995, várias investigações do tipo caso controle compararam os resultados do tratamento periodontal pela técnica de raspagem por quadrante (RQ) e do protocolo de DTB. Na última década diversos estudos mostraram que os parâmetros clínicos e microbiológicos apresentaram melhores respostas frente ao protocolo DTB, além da diminuição do tempo clínico de atendimento sugerindo à DTB em um estágio como uma alternativa mais efetiva e economicamente mais viável para o tratamento não cirúrgico da doença periodontal inflamatória. Esses resultados são advindos de uma variação muito grande de protocolos e faz-se necessário o desenvolvimento de mais estudos em busca de um protocolo bem definido assim como uma melhor avaliação dos efeitos adversos da DTB.
Previous studies have suggested that the full-mouth disinfection (DTB) in one stage results in a more favorable response to nonsurgical periodontal treatment. The aim of this review was to analyze the studies related to DTB protocol at an early stage. Since 1995, several case-control investigations have compared the results of periodontal treatment per quadrant scraping technique (RQ) and the protocol of DTB. In the last decade several studies have shown that the clinical and microbiological parameters showed better responses in the DTB protocol also decreased time to clinical care DTB suggesting at one stage as a more effective and more economically viable for the nonsurgical treatment of periodontal disease inflammatory. These results are coming from a very large range of protocols and it is necessary to develop further studies in search of a defined protocol and a better assessment of the adverse effects of DTB.