Protocolo Clínico - Quirúrgico de Cesárea en la Unidad Técnica de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico / Clinical-Surgical Protocol for Cesarean Section in the Obstetric High Risk Technical Unit

El procedimiento quirúrgico cesárea con miras a la historia es considerada como un avance de suma importancia en la dismi-nución del riesgo de mortalidad materna y perinatal1.Es la intervención más realizada a nivel de especialidad lo que conlleva riesgos inherentes, quirúrgicos y anestésicos2,3.En el año 2015 la incidencia en el Ecuador de terminación del embarazo por cesárea es del 29,3% en el sector público, 49,9% en Seguridad Social y 69,9% en clínicas privadas4. Para la Or-ganización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en el mismo año refiere que "En ninguna región del mundo se justifica la incidencia de cesárea superior al 10- 15%"5. La variabilidad de indicación de cesárea, hace que sea necesaria la creación de guías y protocolos, para de esta manera unificar los criterios médicos, de acuerdo a la mejor evidencia científica disponible.

The cesarean section surgical procedure is historically considered a very important advance in reducing the risk of maternal and perinatal mortality1.It is the most frequently performed intervention at the specialty level, which entails inherent surgical and anesthetic risks2,3.In 2015, the incidence in Ecuador of termination of pregnancy by cesarean section is 29,3% in the public sector, 49,9% in Social Security and 69,9% in private clinics4. For the World Health Or-ganization (WHO) in the same year, it states that "In no region of the world is the incidence of cesarean section higher than 10-15% justified" 5.The variability of the indication for cesarean section makes it ne-cessary to create guidelines and protocols, in order to unify me-dical criteria, according to the best scientific evidence available.

Tecnologia educacional para o manejo do marca-passo transcutâneo em idosos no atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel / Educational technology for the management of transcutaneous pacemakers in the elderly in mobile pre-hospital care

Resumo: Esta pesquisa compreende a produção de um vídeo educativo sobre ações e cuidados do enfermeiro no manejo do marca-passo transcutâneo em idosos em atendimento pré-hospitalar. Destaca-se a necessidade de elucidar o conhecimento e qualificar a assistência ao idoso a partir de recursos didáticos como o vídeo educativo. A pesquisa teve por objetivo elaborar uma tecnologia educacional para enfermeiros sobre o manejo do marca-passo transcutâneo em idosos em Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar Móvel. Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica de produção tecnológica, do tipo quantitativa descritiva, a qual baseia-se na construção e validação de um vídeo educativo, desenvolvido nas Unidades de Suporte Avançado do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, da 2ª Regional de Saúde Metropolitana do Estado do Paraná. O método de produção do vídeo foi composto por três fases: a) pré-produção, que consistiu na elaboração do roteiro do vídeo; b) produção, na qual ocorreu a validação do roteiro do vídeo por um grupo de juízes especialistas seguido da elaboração dos "storyboards", seleção das imagens, gravação das narrações e edição do vídeo; c) pós-produção, que se traduziu na validação do vídeo pelo grupo de juízes especialistas. Para a validação do roteiro foi utilizado um instrumento do tipo escala de "Likert" e para validação do vídeo um questionário elaborado e adaptado a partir do modelo de Razera et al. (2016). Após a validação pelos juízes, o vídeo foi divulgado em um canal do Youtube. Quanto ao conteúdo do roteiro foram elencados quatro blocos: conhecimentos gerais sobre o MPTC em idosos, cuidados de enfermagem na utilização do MPTC, etapas para o manejo do MPTC e as possíveis complicações e limitações na utilização do MPTC, e foi validado por 51 juízes especialistas. O vídeo foi validado por 47 juízes especialistas que participaram da etapa anterior. Em relação ao gênero dos juízes especialistas, as mulheres representaram na fase 1 da pesquisa (F1) 56,9% e na fase 2 (F2) 57,4%. Quanto à idade dos participantes a maioria apresentou entre 35 e 45 anos (F1 62,7% e F2 61,7%). Produziu-se um vídeo de duração de oito minutos e 30 segundos em animação 2D, fundamentado a partir de uma revisão integrativa e consultas em guias e "guidelines" de sociedades de cardiologia nacional e internacional que abordam as ações e cuidados no manejo do marca-passo transcutâneo em idosos. Conclui-se que a tecnologia desenvolvida, nos quesitos: linguagem, imagens, narração, adequação quanto ao tempo de duração, orientações propostas e memorizações das mensagens, alcançou índices que demostram a viabilidade na identificação das ações e cuidados pelo enfermeiro no manejo do marca-passo transcutâneo em idosos no atendimento pré-hospitalar. Assim, foi elaborada e validada uma estratégia para a educação em saúde que contribui para subsidiar a equipe na tomada de decisões, colaborando para a segurança do paciente e da equipe, assim como para o sucesso no tratamento. A tecnologia educacional desenvolvida pode ampliar e reciclar continuamente o conhecimento dos enfermeiros da Unidade de Suporte Avançado de Vida sobre as ações e cuidados essenciais no manuseio do MPTC em idoso com bradiarritmias no Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar Móvel.

Abstract: This research grasps the production of an educational video about the handling of the transcutaneous pacemaker (TCPM) in elderly in Mobile Pre-Hospital Care. The need to clarify knowledge and qualify the elderly's care through didactic resources, such as the educational video, is highlighted. The aim of the research was to elaborate an educational technology for nurses about the handling of the transcutaneous pacemaker (TCPM) in elderly in Mobile Pre-Hospital Care. This is a methodological research of technology production, of the quantitative descriptive type, which is based in the construction and validation of an educational video, developed in Advanced Care Units (ACUs) of Mobile Emergency Medical Service, of the 2nd Metropolitan Health Regional of the State of Paraná. The production method of the video was composed by three phases: a) pre-production, which consisted in the screenplay elaboration; b) production, in which there was the validation of the video screenplay by a group of specialist judges followed by the elaboration of storyboards, selection of images, recordings of narrations and video editing; c) post-production, which consisted in the validation of the video by the group of specialist judges. For the validation of the screenplay a scale-like "likert" instrument was used, and for the validation of the video, a questionnaire made and adapted from Razera's et al model. (2016). After validation by the judges, the video was shared on a Youtube channel. As for the content of the screenplay, they were divided in four blocks: general knowledge about TCPM in elderly, nursing care when using TCPM, phases for the handling of TCPM and the possible complications and limitations utilizing TCPM, it was approved by 51 specialist judges. The video itself was approved by 47 specialist judges who took part in the former phase. With respect to gender of the specialist judges, women represented in phase 1 of the research (P1) 56.9% and in phase 2 (P2) 57.4%. As for the age of participants, most of them were between 35 and 45 years old (P1 62.7% and P2 61.7%). There was the production of a video lasting eight minutes and 30 seconds in 2D animation, reasoned by an integrative review and bibliographic research in guidelines of national and international cardiology societies that approach nurses' actions and care in the handling of the transcutaneous pacemaker in elderly in prehospital care. It concludes that the developed technology in terms of language, images, narration, adjustment to duration time, proposed guidance and message memorization, reached indexes that show viability in identification of nurses' actions and care in the handling of the transcutaneous pacemaker in elderly in pre-hospital care. Therefore, it was elaborated and validated a strategy for health education, that contributes to subsidize the team in decision making, contributing to the safety of the patient and the team, as well as for treatment success. The developed educational technology can broaden and continually recycle the knowledge of nurses from the Units of Intensive Life Support (SAV) about necessary actions and care in the handling of the transcutaneous pacemaker in elderly with bradyarrhythmia in Mobile Pre-Hospital Care.

Psychiatric emergency units in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the infrastructure (e.g., availability, resources, and staff), basic metrics, and problems (e.g., network, overcrowding, resources, and infrastructure) of the psychiatric emergency services in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study assessing psychiatric services (n=29) listed by the Brazilian Psychiatric Association in 2019. RESULTS: Almost all the units reported 24 h/7-day availability having psychiatrists, nurses, and social workers, with 8.8 (SE=2.2) and 2.8 (SE=0.3) consultations and hospitalizations per day, respectively. Separated room for contention was reported by the minority of the services (38%). The most commonly reported problems were insufficient structure for child/adolescent care (83%), increasing patient demand (72%), housing referral for homeless (72%), excessive prescription demand (69%), short-term room overcrowding (59%), court orders for inpatient treatment (59%), lack of vacancies for inpatients hospitalization (59%), and referral to primary care (56%). CONCLUSIONS: Similar to the United States, the Brazilian psychiatric emergency units are decreasing and encompass the shortcomings of the Brazilian mental health care network.

Self-harm consultations during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic: study in four Argentine provinces / Consultas por intentos de suicidio durante el primer año de pandemia por covid-19: estudio en cuatro provincias de argentina

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: Es objeto de debate si la conducta suicida se vio impactada por la pandemia por COVID-19 y las medidas de aislamiento asociadas. Una vía para caracterizar la conducta suicida son las consultas a los servicios de emergencia en salud por lesiones autoinfligidas. El objetivo fue describir y analizar las consultas por conducta suicida, comparando los períodos de pandemia y prepandemia. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con análisis de fuentes secundarias en tres hospitales generales y tres neuropsiquiátricos de cuatro provincias argentinas. Se relevaron consultas de febrero, julio y octubre del período de estudio. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas y referidas al episodio autolesivo. Se utilizaron frecuencias relativas y tasas para el análisis. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 411 casos de consulta por lesión autoinfligida. El 73% fue del período previo a 2020. Al comparar los períodos prepandemia y pandemia, se observó un aumento en la tasa de consultas en el segundo, particularmente significativo en los hospitales neuropsiquiátricos. La derivación a otro establecimiento fue mayor en el período de pandemia. El envenenamiento fue el mecanismo de ocurrencia más habitual en ambos períodos, pero disminuyó durante la pandemia, cuando creció el uso de objetos cortantes. DISCUSIÓN: Se requiere continuar con el monitoreo de las consultas por lesiones autoinfligidas y abordar las diferencias de demanda entre hospitales generales y especializados.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on suicide behavior has been a matter of debate. Self-harm consultations to emergency departments are a way to analyze suicidal behavior. The objective was to describe and analyze self-harm consultations, comparing the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with secondary source analysis in three general hospitals and three neuropsychiatric hospitals from four Argentine provinces. Consultations reported in February, July and October over the analyzed period were considered for the study. Data gathered included sociodemographic variables and those related to the self-harm event. Relative frequencies and rates were used for the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 411 self-harm consultations were included in the analysis, 73% of them were from the pre-pandemic period. Consultation rates were higher in the pandemic period, with a particularly significant increase in neuropsychiatric hospitals. Referral to another facility was higher during the pandemic. Poisoning was the most frequently used mechanism in both periods, even though it diminished during the pandemic period, when the use of sharp objects increased. DISCUSSION: It is necessary to continue monitoring self-harm consultations, and the differences between demand to general and specialized neuropsychiatric hospitals.

Intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia en el Hospital General Universitario "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima" de Cienfuegos / Emergency surgical interventions at the Hospital General Universitario "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima" from Cienfuegos / Intervenções cirúrgicas de emergência no Hospital General Universitario "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima"de Cienfuegos

RESUMEN Introducción: La actividad quirúrgica ha cobrado un notable papel dentro del área de atención al paciente con situaciones cuyo peligro para la vida es inmediato o no. Sin embargo, se cuenta con escasos estudios enfocados en el análisis de las mismas. Objetivo: Describir las intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia realizadas en el Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", de Cienfuegos, durante el primer trimestre de 2021. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal sobre una muestra de 196 intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia, de un universo de 252, realizadas en la institución antes mencionada. Se estudiaron las variables: mes de la intervención, sexo, grupo etario, entidad nosológica, tipo de cirugía y código de color. Se recopiló la información a partir del informe operatorio individual. Resultados: El mes de marzo aportó 116 intervenciones (59 %). Predominó el sexo masculino con 103 casos (52,55 %) y el grupo etario 18-35 (59 pacientes, 30,10 %). La apendicitis aguda fue la entidad sobresaliente con 49 casos (25 %). Las cirugías limpias contaminadas representaron el 61,73 % (121 intervenciones). Los casos código amarillo constituyeron el 92,35 % del total (181 casos). Conclusiones: La mayoría de las complicaciones se localizaron en hombres jóvenes y adultos jóvenes, algunos casos se desplazaron hacia la mediana edad. La apendicitis aguda fue la manifestación sobresaliente, de ahí, el mayor número de cirugías limpias contaminadas y catalogadas como código amarillo según la escala de colores.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Surgical activity has taken on a notable role within the area of patient care with situations whose danger to life is immediate or not. However, there are few studies focused on their analysis. Objective: To describe the emergency surgical interventions was carried out at the Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", in Cienfuegos, during the first quarter of 2021. Method: An observational, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study on a sample of 196 interventions emergency surgical procedures, out of a universe of 252, performed at the aforementioned institution. The variables were studied: month of intervention, sex, age group, nosological entity, type of surgery and color code. Information was collected from the individual operative report. Results: The month of March provided 116 interventions (59%). Male sex predominated with 103 cases (52.55%) and the age group 18-35 (59 patients, 30.10%). Acute appendicitis was the outstanding entity with 49 cases (25%). Clean contaminated surgeries represented 61.73% (121 interventions). Code yellow cases constituted 92.35% of the total (181 cases). Conclusions: Most of the complications were located in young men and young adults, some cases moved towards middle age. Acute appendicitis was the outstanding manifestation, hence the highest number of clean surgeries contaminated and classified as code yellow according to the color scale.

RESUMO Introdução: A atividade cirúrgica tem assumido papel de destaque dentro da área de atendimento ao paciente em situações de perigo de vida imediato ou não. No entanto, existem poucos estudos voltados para sua análise. Objetivo: Descrever as intervenções cirúrgicas de emergência realizadas no Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", em Cienfuegos, durante o primeiro trimestre de 2021. Método: Estudo transversal observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado em amostra de 196 intervenções procedimentos cirúrgicos de emergência, de um universo de 252, realizados na referida instituição. As variáveis estudadas foram: mês da intervenção, sexo, faixa etária, entidade nosológica, tipo de cirurgia e código de cores. As informações foram coletadas do relatório operatório individual. Resultados: O mês de março proporcionou 116 intervenções (59%). O sexo masculino predominou com 103 casos (52,55%) e a faixa etária de 18 a 35 anos (59 pacientes, 30,10%). A apendicite aguda foi a entidade de destaque com 49 casos (25%). As cirurgias limpas contaminadas representaram 61,73% (121 intervenções). Os casos de código amarelo constituíram 92,35% do total (181 casos). Conclusões: A maioria das complicações localizou-se em homens jovens e adultos jovens, alguns casos avançaram para a meia-idade. A apendicite aguda foi a manifestação de destaque, daí o maior número de cirurgias limpas contaminadas e classificadas como código amarelo de acordo com a escala de cores.

Research status and progress of rapid response system in hospital / 中国医师杂志

Because of the widespread development and application of rapid response system (RRS) in medical institutions in developed countries, such as Europe, America and Australia, the clinical adverse events (cardiac arrest, accidental death, etc.) in hospital patients have been reduced and improved. Meanwhile, the hospitalization rate and mortality rate of intensive care unit in hospital patients have been reduced, thus shortening the hospitalization time and reducing the medical expenses. Nevertheless, RRS is still in the exploration stage in our country. Therefore, the article reviews the RRS model and application development.

Nivel de conocimientos sobre accidentes cerebro vasculares en hombres de 25 a 55 años del condominio Las Palmas de Maipú, Chile, en el año 2020 / Level of knowledge about cerebrovascular accident that the male population from 25 to 55 years of the condominium Las Palmas on Maipu, Chile, in the year 2020 presents

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Accidente cerebrovascular corresponde a una patología súbita, que requiere de atención inmediata, donde se ve comprometida una región cerebral por obstrucción de un vaso sanguíneo, en la mayoría de los casos. OBJETIVOS: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento respecto al accidente cerebrovascular que presenta la población masculina de 25 a 55 años del condominio Las Palmas de Maipú en el año 2020, Identificar si la población masculina reconoce signos, síntomas, factores de riesgos y acciones a tomar frente a un ACV. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, Se reclutaron 80 participantes masculinos residentes de condominio Las Palmas de Maipú, Chile. Instrumento y mediciones: Cuestionario tipo encuesta, considerando como variable primaria el nivel de conocimientos de la población y secundaria las variables sociodemográficas. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 80 participantes masculinos con rango etario de 25 a 55 años, se obtuvo como resultado un relativo conocimiento respecto a los ACV, reconociéndolo como una emergencia médica (93%), que requiere de un tratamiento oportuno (85%). No obstante, se evidencia un déficit de conocimiento sobre los factores de riesgos asociados a un ACV (30%). CONCLUSIONES: Se evidencia que la población masculina estudiada, si bien distingue la importancia clínica de un ACV, existe un déficit de conocimiento sobre los factores predisponentes para la presencia de este, lo que resulta relevante a considerar en la prevención de un evento cerebrovascular.

INTRODUCTION: Stroke corresponds to a sudden pathology, which requires immediate attention, where a brain region is compromised by obstruction of a blood vessel, in most cases. OBJECTIVES: Determine the level of knowledge regarding stroke in the male population aged 25 to 55 years of the Las Palmas de Maipú condominium in 2020, Identify if the male population recognizes signs, symptoms, risk factors and actions to be taken. to a stroke. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. 80 male participants were recruited from the Las Palmas de Maipú condominium, Chile. Instrument and measurements: Survey-type questionnaire, considering the level of knowledge of the population as the primary variable and the sociodemographic variables as secondary. RESULTS: 80 male participants with an age range of 25 to 55 years were evaluated, a relative knowledge regarding stroke was obtained as a result, recognizing it as a medical emergency (93%), which requires timely treatment (85%). However, there is evidence of a deficit in knowledge about the risk factors associated with stroke (30%). CONCLUSIONS: It is evident that the male population studied, although it distinguishes the clinical importance of a stroke, there is a deficit of knowledge about the predisposing factors for its presence, which is relevant to consider in the prevention of a cerebrovascular event.

Taponamiento cardíaco como forma de debut del lupus eritematoso sistémico / Cardiac tamponade as a debut form of systemic lupus erythematosus

Introducción: El lupus eritematoso sistémico tiene múltiples formas de presentarse. La afectación del pericardio es la manifestación cardíaca más frecuente. El taponamiento cardíaco es muy raro, pero se presenta como un síndrome clínico hemodinámico potencialmente mortal. Objetivo: Mostrar una forma muy rara de presentación del lupus eritematoso sistémico; el taponamiento cardíaco. Caso clínico: Paciente blanca de 47 años con anasarca, disnea, palpitaciones, polipnea, ortopnea, tiraje intercostal, dolor torácico intenso, punzante, toma del estado general, ansiedad, fiebre, artralgia, artritis, lesiones dermatológicas, acrocianosis, ingurgitación yugular e hipotensión marcada. Comentarios: El paciente con taponamiento cardíaco debe ser asumido por un equipo multidisciplinario que defina el diagnóstico preciso y la conducta, sobre todo cuando se trata del debut del lupus eritematoso sistémico, que con los fenómenos autoinmunitarios, afecta a todos los órganos y sistemas(AU)

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus has multiple ways of presentation. Pericardium involvement is the most frequent cardiac manifestation. Cardiac tamponade is very rare, but it presents as a life-threatening clinical hemodynamic syndrome. Objective: To show a very rare form of presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus; cardiac tamponade. Clinical case: 47-year-old white patient with anasarca, dyspnea, palpitations, polypnea, orthopnea, intercostal retraction, throbbing severe chest pain, bad general condition, anxiety, fever, arthralgia, arthritis, dermatological lesions, acrocyanosis, jugular engorgement and severe hypotension. Comments: Cardiac tamponade patient must be assumed by a multidisciplinary team that defines the precise diagnosis and behavior, especially when it comes to the debut of systemic lupus erythematosus, which with its autoimmune phenomena, affects all organs and systems(AU)

Características sociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes atendidos en urgencias con diagnóstico de cáncer de novo / Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with de novo cancer diagnosis, admitted trough emergency services

Objetivo: caracterizar sociodemográfica y clínicamente los pacientes que después de ingresar a servicios de urgencias de dos centros de tercer nivel de atención de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia), se les diagnosticó alguno de los tipos de cáncer más frecuentes según el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Manizales. Materiales y métodos: con base a la información aportada por el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Manizales entre los años 2008 y 2012, se escogieron los cinco tipos de cáncer más frecuentes en cada género para la realización del estudio. Fueron incluidos 116 casos de los que ingresaron por servicios de urgencias para extraer información a partir de las historias clínicas, la cual posteriormente fue tabulada y analizada mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la mayoría los pacientes provenían de Manizales (60,3%), y pertenecían al régimen contributivo de seguridad social (50,0%). El promedio de edad fue de 72,4 años. El promedio de duración de los síntomas antes de consultar fue de 2,3 meses y los cánceres más frecuentes fueron el gástrico (41,4%), de colon (25,9%), CP (23,3%), cérvix (6%) y recto (3,5%) en estadios avanzados. Conclusiones: se continúan diagnosticando casos de cáncer de novo en estadio tardío, al ingresar por los servicios de urgencias. Resulta muy importante conocer la epidemiología de estos tipos de cáncer en cada una de las regiones y mejorar la formación médica con el fin de implementar estrategias para disminuir su aparición..(AU)

Objective: to characterize sociodemographicly and clinically those patients, who after admission by the emergency services of two tertiary level centers in Manizales (Colombia), were diagnosed with some of the most frequent cancers according to the Manizales Population Cancer Registry. Materials and methods: based on the information provided by the Manizales Population Cancer Registry between the years of 2008 to 2012, the five most frequent types of cancer in each gender were chosen for the study. There were 116 cases of those admitted through the emergency services for data extraction from the clinical record, which was later tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: most of the patients came from Manizales (60.3%), covered by the contributory social security scheme (50.0%), with a mean age of 72.4 years. The mean duration of symptoms before consulting the emergency service was 2.3 months. The most frequent cancers were gastric (41.4%), colon (25.9%) lung (23.3%), cervix (6%) and rectal cancer (3.5%) in advanced stages. Conclusions: new cases of late-stage cancer are still being diagnosed upon admission to emergency services. It is important to know the epidemiology of these cancers in each of the regions and to improve medical training in order to implement strategies to reduce their presentation..(AU)

Prevalencia de Fracturas de Pelvis en el Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, 2017-2018 / Prevalence of Pelvic Fractures at the Carlos Andrade Marin Specialty Hospital, 2017-2018

INTRODUCIÓN. Las fracturas de pelvis se presentan con severidad variable, desde lesiones de baja energía, hasta lesiones secundarias a un traumatismo de alta energía, que llevan a una inestabilidad del anillo pélvico, con lesiones asociadas y altas tasas de morbimortalidad. El manejo inicial se sustenta en la aplicación de protocolos de soporte vital avanzado, disminuir el sangrado pélvico con medidas que reduzcan el volumen de perdida sanguínea en la cavidad pélvica y estabilización de la lesión. Tras la estabilización inicial del paciente el objetivo primordial radica en la restauración anatómica del anillo pélvico predictor de la recuperación funcional. OBJETIVO. Evaluar la prevalencia de pacientes con fracturas de pelvis que ingresaron a la Unidad de Ortopedia de un hospital de tercer nivel. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Se trató de un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, con población 44126, una muestra de 233 pacientes, criterios de inclusión: diagnóstico de fracturas de pelvis, ingresados a la unidad, criterios de exclusión: edad menor a 18 años, registros se encontraban incompletos, el estudio fue en pacientes que ingresaron al Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, en el período comprendido del 1º de Enero, 2017 al 31 de Diciembre, 2018. Se realizó la revisión de Historia Clínica Única del sistema AS400 del Hospital, se analizó los datos con ayuda de SPSS v22. RESULTADOS. Se reportó una prevalencia anual del 0,255%. En promedio de edad global de 31 +/-5,6 años de edad, con un rango de 18 a 67 años. Afectación del 90,2% en población económicamente activa, la causa más común fueron los accidentes de tránsito 68,6% (160;233), el 81,61% (190;233) fue de sexo masculino, el 18,38% (43;233) femenino. CONCLUSIÓN. Las fracturas de pelvis representaron patologías de morbimortalidad elevada, con una prevalencia anual del 0,2% reportada en el Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, afectación mayor en población económicamente activa, proporción de 3 a 1 en relación hombre y mujer, los accidentes de tránsito la etiología más prevalente. El tiempo de traslado al hospital de referencia es mayor a los 120 minutos en la mayoría de casos, el manejo quirúrgico en los pacientes que lo requirieron mejoró el pronóstico funcional en los mismos.

INTRODUCTION. Pelvic fractures occur with varying severity, from low energy injuries, to secondary injuries to high energy trauma, which lead to pelvic ring instability, with associated injuries and high morbidity and mortality rates. The initial management is based on the application of advanced life support protocols, reducing pelvic bleeding with measures that reduce the volume of blood loss in the pelvic cavity and stabilization of the lesion. After the initial stabilization of the patient, the primary objective lies in the anatomical restoration of the pelvic ring predictive of functional recovery. OBJECTIVE. To assess the prevalence of patients with pelvic fractures admitted to the Orthopedics Unit of a third level hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS. It was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with population 44126, a sample of 233 patients, inclusion criteria: diagnosis of pelvic fractures, admitted to the unit, exclusion criteria: age under 18 years, records were were incomplete, the study was in patients who entered the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital, in the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. The review of the Unique Clinical History of the AS400 system of the Hospital, the data was analyzed with the help of SPSS v22. RESULTS. An annual prevalence of 0,255% was reported. On average global age 31 +/- 5.6 years old, with a range of 18 to 67 years. Affectation of 90,2% in economically active population, the most common cause was traffic accidents 68,6% (160;233), 81,61% (190;233) was male, 18,38% (43;233) female. CONCLUSION. Pelvic fractures represented pathologies of high morbidity and mortality, with an annual prevalence of 0,2% reported in the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital, major affectation in economically active population, ratio of 3 to 1, in relation to men and women, traffic accidents the most prevalent etiology. The transfer time to the reference hospital is greater than 120 minutes in most cases, surgical management in patients who required it improved their functional prognosis.

Cuerpo extraño en vías respiratorias altas / Strange body in upper airways

Se presenta el caso clínico de un niño de un año de edad, quien fue atendido en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital de Serrekunda en Gambia por presentar, desde hacía 2 días, dificultad respiratoria, tos y falta de aire, todo ello de inicio rápido. Ante la posible presencia de un cuerpo extraño en las vías respiratorias altas se realizó un examen físico minucioso que incluyó el laringoscopio, pero debido a su ubicación profunda no fue posible una correcta observación de este, por lo cual se indicaron otros estudios (resonancia magnética y endoscopia), que permitieron una correcta visualización de dicho cuerpo. Debido al tratamiento multidisciplinario y oportuno, el paciente tuvo una evolución favorable y egresó sin complicaciones.

The case report of a year-old child is presented who was assisted in the Pediatrics Service of the Serrekunda Hospital in Gambia for presenting breathing difficulty for 2 days, cough and lack of air, all of them of fast beginning. Taking into account the possible presence of a strange body in the high breathing ways a meticulous physical exam was carried out that included the laryngoscope, but due to its deep location it was not possible a correct observation of it, reason why other studies were indicated (magnetic resonance and endoscopy) that allowed a correct visualization of this body. Due to the multidisciplinary and opportune treatment, the patient had a favorable clinical course and was discharged without complications.

Evaluation of elderly care dynamics in an emergency care unit / Evaluación de la dinámica del cuidado al anciano en unidad de pronta atención / Avaliação da dinâmica do cuidado ao idoso em unidade de pronto atendimento

ABSTRACT Objective: understand elderly care dynamics of an emergency care unit. Method: this is a case study evaluation, using a qualitative approach and the theoretical-methodological reference of a fourth generation evaluation. Data collection was conducted between February and September 2017, through 460 hours of participant observation, interviews with 33 social actors among health professionals, elderly people and their relatives of an emergency care unit located in a municipality in the northwest of Paraná, as well as negotiation meetings with participants. Results: the evaluation showed the elderly care dynamics is mainly influenced by nursing actions that articulate care practices based on priority, frailty, autonomy, independence and family context of the elderly patients. Final considerations: an evaluation of how the emergency care unit operates helps improve elderly care in urgent and emergency services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la dinámica asistencial del cuidado al anciano en un servicio de pronta atención. Método: investigación evaluativa con abordaje cualitativo, de tipo estudio de caso, con base en el marco teórico-metodológico de la evaluación de cuarta generación. La recolección de datos ocurrió entre febrero y septiembre de 2017, por medio de 460 horas de observación participante, con entrevistas con 33 actores sociales entre profesionales de salud, ancianos y familiares de ancianos de una Unidad de Pronta Atención de un municipio del noroeste de Paraná (Brasil), además de reuniones con los participantes. Resultados: la evaluación permitió identificar que la dinámica asistencial de las prácticas de enfermería necesita la articulación de prácticas de cuidado que consideren la prioridad, la fragilidad, la autonomía, la independencia y el contexto familiar del anciano. Consideraciones finales: evaluar el funcionamiento de la unidad contribuye a mejorar el cuidado al anciano en los servicios de urgencia y emergencia.

RESUMO Objetivo: apreender a dinâmica assistencial do cuidado ao idoso inserido em um serviço de pronto atendimento. Método: pesquisa avaliativa com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, apoiada no referencial teórico-metodológico da avaliação de quarta geração. A coleta de dados aconteceu entre fevereiro e setembro de 2017, por meio de 460 horas de observação participante, entrevistas com 33 atores sociais dentre profissionais de saúde, idosos e familiares de idosos de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de um município do noroeste do Paraná, além de reuniões de negociação com os participantes. Resultados: a avaliação permitiu evidenciar que a dinâmica assistencial tem implicação, principalmente, das ações da enfermagem que necessitam articular práticas de cuidado que considerem a prioridade, a fragilidade, a autonomia, a independência e o contexto familiar do idoso. Considerações finais: avaliar o funcionamento da unidade contribui para a melhoria do cuidado ao idoso nos serviços de urgência e emergência.

Implementação da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem (SAE) no serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU) / The implementation of nursing care systematization in the mobile emergency care service / Implementación de la sistematización de la asistencia de enfermería en el servicio de atención movil de urgencia

Objetivo: Identificar as limitações na implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência em Recife. Método: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo, transversal, observacional. O estudo foi realizado no município de Recife-PE, a coleta de dados ocorreu no SAMU com 51 enfermeiros. O estudo foi aprovado sob o parecer nº 1.547.265. Resultados: Evidenciou-se a força de trabalho feminina na população estudada, alto índice de profissionais experientes, porém pouco mais da metade dos enfermeiros conheciam a Resolução COFEN 358 de 2009. Entendem que é a Sistematização é importante para a profissão, mas, 42% afirma que não se aplica ao serviço. Ficou evidenciado que em algum momento da sistematização alguma das etapas da SAE não é realizada. Conclusão: A realização da SAE no SAMU ainda precisa ser mais discutida e exercitada, pelo próprio Núcleo de Educação Permanente do SAMU, e mais ainda pelas entidades reguladoras da profissão

Objective: The study's purpose has been to identify the limitations in the implementation of the Systematization of Nursing Care in the Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) [Mobile Emergency Care Service] at Recife city. Methods: It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Data collection took place in the SAMU, where 51 nurses have participated. The study was approved under the No. 1.547.265. Results: It was evidenced the female workforce in the studied population and a high index of skilled professionals. In the other hand, a few more than half of the nurses knew the Resolution No. 358/2009 from the Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN) [Federal Nursing Council]. They understand that the systematization is important to the profession, but 42% affirm that it does not apply to the service. It was also verified that at some point in the systematization process some of the Nursing Care Systematization (NCS) stages were not performed. Conclusion: The NCS in the SAMU still needs to be discussed and performed by the Permanent Education Center of SAMU itself, and even more by the regulators of the profession

Objetivo: Identificar de las limitaciones en implementación de sistematización de asistencia de enfermería en el Servicio de Atención Móvil de Urgencia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal, observacional. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Recife-PE, la recolección de datos ocurrió en el SAMU, com 51 enfermeros. El estudio fue aprobado en virtud de la opinión Nº 1.547.265. Resultados: Fuera evidente la fuerza de trabajo femenina en la población, alto nivel de profesionales con experiencia, pero poco más de la mitad de enfermeras sabía Resolución COFEN 358 de 2009. Ellos entienden que La sistematizacion es importante para la profesión, pero el 42% dice que no se aplica servicio. Era evidente que en algún momento de la sistematización no se realizan pasos de SAE. Conclusíon: La realización de SAE en SAMU necesita ser discutido más y ejercido por el Centro de Educación Continua de SAMU, y más aún por las autoridades reguladoras de la profesión

Selección de hospital destino para el traslado de urgencia de pacientes / Selecting the Destination Hospital to Carry Emergency Patients / Escolha de hospital alvo para traslado de urgência de pacientes

Resumen El tiempo total de atención prehospitalaria (APH) es el tiempo que transcurre desde que ingresa la llamada al operador hasta que la ambulancia queda disponible para atender otra emergencia. Esta investigación pretende demostrar que la selección del hospital destino afecta de manera significativa el tiempo total de APH, lo que influye en la supervivencia del paciente que es trasladado y en el tiempo de liberación del recurso (ambulancias). En consecuencia, se propone una técnica de selección de hospital destino que incluye dimensiones relacionadas con el paciente (diagnóstico, especialidad y asegurador) y el hospital (ocupación y cercanía). Se evalúa su desempeño por medio de una simulación de eventos discretos y se concluye que la técnica propuesta obtiene un mejor tiempo de APH en el 73% de los casos estudiados, con una reducción media entre 40 y 80 minutos, en comparación con la técnica más comúnmente usada (selección hospital más cercano).

Abstract Total time of prehospital care (PHC) is the time elapsing from the inbound call up to the moment when the ambulance is available for serve in another emergency event. This research aims to show that selecting the destination hospital impacts significantly the total PHC time, which influences the survival of the patient being transported as well as the time to make the resource available again (the ambulance). Consequently, a technique for selecting the destination hospital is proposed herein including some dimensions related both to the patient (diagnosis, specialty and insurance company) and to the hospital (occupancy and closeness). The performance was evaluated based on a simulation of discrete events. It is concluded that the proposed technique provides a better PHC time in 73% of the studied cases, with a mean decrease between 40 and 80 minutes as compared to the most commonly used technique (selecting the closest hospital).

Resumo O tempo total de atendimento pré-hospitalar (APH) é o tempo decorrente desde que a ligação for feita para o telefonista até a ambulância se disponibilizar para atender outra emergência. Esta pesquisa visa demostrar que a escolha do hospital alvo afeta significativamente o tempo total de APH, o que influi na sobrevida do paciente trasladado e no tempo de liberação do recurso (ambulâncias). Consequentemente, propõe-se uma técnica de escolha de hospital alvo que inclui dimensões relacionadas com paciente (diagnóstico, especialidade e assegurador) e hospital (ocupação e proximidade). Avalia-se o desempenho por meio de simulação de eventos discretos e conclui-se que a técnica proposta obtém melhor tempo de APH em 73% dos casos estudados com redução media entre 40 e 80 minutos, em comparação com a técnica mais comumente usada (escolha hospital mais próximo).

Awareness About The Concept Of Green Corridor Among Medical Student And Doctors In A Rural Medical College Of Maharashtra, India

Background: India’s traffic problem over the years has been the root cause of many deaths. During an medical emer-gency like organ transplantation over long distances, the unsuitability of roads and highways hamper in the worst way possible. In a developing unplanned country like India, where lane discipline is an alien concept, emergency lanes won’t sustain as of now. Thus, for provision of better health services, a temporary emergency lane has been implemented in organ transplantation cases known as a ‘Green Corridor’. It is a special route with manual operation of street signals and traffic to avoid any hindrances that could come in the way of an ambulance. Aims and Objec-tives:To learn about the awareness, strategies and possibilities of Green Corridor in India. Material and Method:This was an interventional study by the undergraduate students of Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medi-cal Sciences, Loni, Maharashtra. The study also included 350 Students and 150 Faculty members of Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University) and Practicing Doctors of Central Maharashtra were included in the survey. The survey conducted was in a pre and post-test format. Results:The study involved 500 participants out of which 135 were medical faculty and practicing doctor and 350 were students of Rural Medical College. The awareness among medical students about green corridor increased from 14% to 61%, while it went up to 71% from 26% in med-icalfacultyafterintervention.Willingnesstodonateorgansincreasedfrom57%to66%and78%to85%amongmed-icalstudentsandmedicalfaculty,respectively.Theparticipantsgavesuggestionstomakeavailableairambulance&emergency roads and increase awareness regarding green corridor. Conclusion: From the survey conducted, it can be perceived that there is a massive lack of awareness about Green Corridor as well as reluctance for organ dona-tion. Therefore, awareness should be created on a large scale so that no person is left oblivious. Even on a smaller scale, an implementation of the suggested strategies could make a massive difference in the present scenario regard-ing medical emergencies.

Rede de atenção às urgências e emergências: perfil, demanda e itinerário de atendimento de idosos / Red de atención a urgencias y emergencias: perfil, demanda e itinerario de atendimiento de ancianos* / Urgent and emergency care network: profile, demand and flow of elderly to health care points

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil, a demanda e o itinerário de idosos cadastrados em uma Unidade Municipal de Saúde, atendidos na Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências de Curitiba. Método: pesquisa avaliativa, documental, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizada entre agosto de 2015 e junho de 2016, cuja fontes de dados foram Relatórios de Atendimento na Rede e prontuários eletrônicos de usuários com 60 anos ou mais. A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva. Resultados: identificaram-se 102 idosos que realizaram 160 consultas na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, 59 (57,8%) eram do sexo feminino, 50 (49%) tinham entre 60 e 69 anos, em 55 (53,9%) a demanda foi considerada "pouco urgente", e 10 foram internados. Conclusão: observou-se a demanda de usuários devido a agravos comuns de saúde, sendo necessária a reorganização operacional e gerencial da rede, objetivando adequação do atendimento em todos os seus níveis de complexidade.

RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil, la demanda y el itinerario de ancianos registrados en una Unidad Municipal de Salud, atendidos en la Red de Atención a Urgencias y Emergencias de Curitiba. Método: pesquisa evaluativa, documental, transversal, de abordaje cuantitativo, realizada entre agosto de 2015 y junio de 2016, cuyas fuentes de datos fueron Informes de Atendimiento en la Red y prontuarios electrónicos de usuarios con 60 años o más. El análisis fue realizado por estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se identificaron 102 ancianos que realizaron 160 consultas en la Unidad de Urgencias, 59 (57,8%) eran del sexo femenino, 50 (49%) tenían entre 60 y 69 años, en 55 (53,9%) se consideró la demanda "poco urgente", y 10 fueron internados. Conclusión: se observó la demanda de usuarios a causa de agravios comunes de salud, siendo necesaria la reorganización operacional y administrativa de la red, con el objetivo de adecuar el atendimiento en todos sus niveles de complejidad.

ABSTRACT Objective: characterize the profile, demand and flow of care to elderly registered in a Municipal Health Unit assisted at an Emergency Care Network (RUE) of Curitiba. Method: cross-sectional study of quantitative approach for assessment and documentation purposes conducted between August 2015 and June 2016, based on reports of care provided to users at the referred Network and electronic medical records of users aged 60 and over. Descriptive statistics was used in the analysis. Results: it was found that 102 elderly people made 160 visits at the Emergency Care Unit (UPA), as follows: 59 (57.8%) were women, 50 (49%) were aged 60-69 years old, the demands of 55 (53.9%) were considered to be "not very urgent" and 10 individuals were hospitalized. Conclusion: analysis of the demands of users with ordinary health problems indicated the need for operational and managerial reorganization of the network, for adequacy of care at all its levels of complexity.

Patients' knowledge about medication prescription in the emergency service / Conocimiento de los pacientes sobre la prescripción farmacológicaen el servicio de urgencia / Conhecimento dos pacientes sobre a prescrição medicamentosa no serviço de emergência

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify which orientations were received by the patient about the medication prescription and which professional performed it; to evaluate the patients' knowledge about prescription drugs and to correlate it to socioeconomic variables, comorbidities, and the frequency with which the patient seeks emergency service; and to evaluate the knowledge about the medication prescribed after the health care. Method: This was a cross-sectional study on 304 patients that received emergency service's discharge along with medication prescription. Applied instruments: sociodemographic characterization and evaluation of the knowledge about the prescribed medication. We used a descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: Most subjects had no doubts about how or for how long to take the medication; and presented questions about adverse reactions and what to do in case of forgetting to take the medication doses. There was a significant association between age; educational level; comorbidity; the frequency of emergency service's use; and knowledge about medications. Conclusion: a total of 48% of the patients declared to need information about adverse effects and what to do if they forget to take the medication.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar cuales las orientaciones fueron recibidas por el paciente sobre la prescripción farmacológica y cual profesional las realizó; evaluar el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre las medicinas prescriptas; y correlacionarlo a las variables socioeconómicas, las comorbidades y la frecuencia con que el paciente busca el servicio de urgencia con el conocimiento sobre las medicinas prescriptas después de la atención. Método: Estudio transversal y analítico con 304 pacientes que recibieron alta del servicio juntamente con la prescripción farmacológica. Instrumentos aplicados: caracterización socio demográfica y evaluación del conocimiento sobre la medicina prescrita. Se utilizó el análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la mayoría no tuvo duda sobre cómo ni por cuanto tiempo tomar la medicina; y presentó dudas sobre las reacciones adversas y qué hacer en el caso de olvido de las dosis de la medicina. Asociación significativa entre laedad; la escolaridad; la comorbidad; el usuario frecuente del servicio de urgencia y el conocimiento sobre las medicinas. Conclusión: De los pacientes, el 48% declararon precisar de informaciones sobre los efectos adversos y sobre qué hacer si olvid anhacer uso de la medicina.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar quais orientações foram recebidas pelo paciente sobre prescrição medicamentosa e qual profissional as realizou; avaliar conhecimento dos pacientes sobre medicamentos prescritos; e correlacioná-lo às variáveis socioeconômicas, comorbidades e frequência com que o paciente procura o serviço de emergência com o conhecimento sobre medicamentos prescritos após o atendimento. Método: Estudo transversal e analítico com 304 pacientes que receberam alta do serviço juntamente com prescrição medicamentosa. Instrumentos aplicados: caracterização sócio demográfica e avaliação do conhecimento sobre a medicação prescrita. Utilizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: A maioria não teve dúvida sobre como nem por quanto tempo tomar o medicamento; e apresentou dúvidas sobre reações adversas e o que fazer no caso de esquecimento de doses do medicamento. Associação significativa entre idade; escolaridade; comorbidade; usuário frequente do serviço de emergência e conhecimento sobre medicamentos. Conclusão: Dos pacientes, 48% declararam precisar de informações sobre efeitos adversos e sobre o que fazer se esquecerem de fazer uso do medicamento.

Caracterización clínica de los pacientes con síncope / Clinical profile of patients with syncope

Resumen Introducción: Se hizo una caracterización clínica de los pacientes con síncope en un Hospital Universitario en Bogotá. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas de los pacientes con síncope que consultaron al Hospital Militar Central en Bogotá en el período 2012-2015, y analizar la contribución de las ayudas diagnósticas y de las escalas EGSYS y OESIL para orientar el diagnóstico etiológico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de pacientes mayores de 18 años que ingresaron a urgencias del Hospital Militar Central por síncope; se analizaron características clínicas, estudios solicitados y puntajes de las escalas EGSYS y OESIL. Resultados: Se evaluaron 705 historias clínicas, de las cuales 116 fueron excluidas por datos faltantes; la edad promedio fue 58 años y el 46,52% eran mujeres. El 41,6% tenía hipertensión arterial y el 21% enfermedad cardiaca previa. Según el diagnóstico etiológico, 75% fueron clasificados como síncope no cardiaco, 23% como síncope cardiaco y en 2% no se identificó la etiología. El examen más solicitado fue el electrocardiograma (79%), seguido por troponina (63%) y TAC cerebral (58%). Al aplicar las escalas, 60% de los pacientes tuvo un puntaje menor a 3 (EGSYS) y 2 puntos (OESIL), lo que sugería que eran de etiología no cardiogénica/bajo riesgo de mortalidad respectivamente. Conclusiones: La etiología del síncope en la mayoría de los casos fue no cardiaca. El electrocardiograma debe ser solicitado a todos los pacientes con síncope. El uso rutinario de las escalas de riesgo puede contribuir a disminuir la solicitud de estudios no indicados, optimizar el uso de recursos y reducir los días de hospitalización.

Abstract Introduction: A clinical profile was constructed on patients with syncope in a Bogota University Hospital. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with syncope that were seen in the Hospital Militar Central in Bogota in the period 2012-2015, as well as to analyse the contribution of diagnostic aids and the Evaluation of Guidelines in Syncope Study (EGSYS) and the Lazio epidemiological syncope Observation (OESIL) scores in order to determine the aetiological diagnosis. Methods: A descriptive observational study was performed on patients over 18 years admitted to the Emergency Department of the Hospital Militar Central due to syncope. An analysis was carried out on the clinical characteristics, examinations requested, and the scores on the EGSYS and OESI L scales. Results: A total of 705 clinical histories were evaluated, of which 116 were excluded due to lack of data. The mean age was 58 years, and 46.52% were women. Arterial hypertension was observed in 41.6%, and 21% had a previous heart disease. According to the aetiological diagnosis, 75% were classified as non-cardiac syncope, 23% as cardiac syncope, and 2% of unknown origin. The most requested examination was the electrocardiogram (79%), followed by troponin (63%), and a computed tomography brain scan (58%). On applying the scales, 60% of the patients had a score of less than 3 (EGSYS) and 2 points (OESIL), which suggested that they were of non-cardiogenic origin/low mortality risk, respectively. Conclusions: The origin of syncope in the majority of cases was non-cardiac. An electrocardiogram must be requested on all patients with syncope. The routine use of risk scales can contribute to reducing the number of non-indicated examinations, as well as optimise the use of resources and reduce hospital stay.

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Rapid Response Team Activations / 대한중환자의학회지

BACKGROUND: To ensure patient safety and improvements in the quality of hospital care, rapid response teams (RRTs) have been implemented in many countries, including Korea. The goal of an RRT is early identification and response to clinical deterioration in patients. However, there are differences in RRT systems among hospitals and limited data are available. METHODS: In Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the St. Mary's Advanced Life Support Team was implemented in June 2013. We retrospectively reviewed the RRT activation records of 287 cases from June 2013 to December 2016. RESULTS: The median response time and median modified early warning score were 8.6 minutes (interquartile range, 5.6 to 11.6 minutes) and 5.0 points (interquartile range, 4.0 to 7.0 points), respectively. Residents (35.8%) and nurses (59.1%) were the main activators of the RRT. Interestingly, postoperative patients account for a large percentage of the RRT activation cases (69.3%). The survival rate was 83.6% and survival was mainly associated with malignancy, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II score, and the time from admission to RRT activation. RRT activation with screening showed a better outcome compared to activation via a phone call in terms of the intensive care unit admission rate and length of hospital stay after RRT activation. CONCLUSIONS: Malignancy was the most important factor related to survival. In addition, RRT activation with patient screening showed a better outcome compared to activation via a phone call. Further studies are needed to determine the effective screening criteria and improve the quality of the RRT system.

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Rapid Response Team Activations / 대한구급학회지

BACKGROUND: To ensure patient safety and improvements in the quality of hospital care, rapid response teams (RRTs) have been implemented in many countries, including Korea. The goal of an RRT is early identification and response to clinical deterioration in patients. However, there are differences in RRT systems among hospitals and limited data are available. METHODS: In Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the St. Mary's Advanced Life Support Team was implemented in June 2013. We retrospectively reviewed the RRT activation records of 287 cases from June 2013 to December 2016. RESULTS: The median response time and median modified early warning score were 8.6 minutes (interquartile range, 5.6 to 11.6 minutes) and 5.0 points (interquartile range, 4.0 to 7.0 points), respectively. Residents (35.8%) and nurses (59.1%) were the main activators of the RRT. Interestingly, postoperative patients account for a large percentage of the RRT activation cases (69.3%). The survival rate was 83.6% and survival was mainly associated with malignancy, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II score, and the time from admission to RRT activation. RRT activation with screening showed a better outcome compared to activation via a phone call in terms of the intensive care unit admission rate and length of hospital stay after RRT activation. CONCLUSIONS: Malignancy was the most important factor related to survival. In addition, RRT activation with patient screening showed a better outcome compared to activation via a phone call. Further studies are needed to determine the effective screening criteria and improve the quality of the RRT system.