Brief introduction of the academic thoughts of ' medical scholars on acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

' region is enriched in humanities and talents, in which a regional medicine school was generated, named ' medicine. The representative medical scholars have profound knowledge in acupuncture and moxibustion, such as 's theory on "identification the reinforcing from the reducing" and "corresponding between acupoints and needling techniques", 's theory on "moxibustion for heat syndrome and boils and sores" and "selecting optimal points accordingly in treatment", 's theory on "the same principles shared in acupuncture and herbal medicine" and "the application of five- points", 's innovation about " 's three needling technique" and 's theory on "identifying symptoms/patterns and determining acupoints" and "contraindication of moxibustion". In this paper, the academic thoughts of the ' medical representatives were collected and sorted out on acupuncture and moxibustion and summarized so as to provide the references for further research.

Analysis on acupuncture and moxibustion in history / 中国针灸

school of acupuncture and moxibustion is the important component of the medicine of school, especially medical scholars. Through collecting and digging the medical books and literature of medical scholars in dynasties, the contribution to acupuncture academic development in Shandong region was introduced briefly so as to provide the references to the study on the regionalism of acupuncture school. The results showed that there was a long history of acupuncture from the Dynasty to the present and many medical scholars and medical books were sprung up. The systematic analysis on medical scholars, acupuncture works and literature as well as academic thoughts are conductive to the great-leap-forward development of school of acupuncture and moxibustion.

Analysis of Onion Benefi ts Toward Health from the Perspective of Islamic Medical Scholar and Scientifi c Reasearch / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

Scientifi cally known as Allium Cepa L., onion is a plant which contains various benefi ts and has been used as food and medicine over the years by many nations and races. This research is conducted to identify the benefi ts of onion for human body from the perspectives of Islamic medical scholars and scientifi c research. The literature data for this study has been collected from four Islamic medical books and 14 articles of a variety of related journals. The cumulative data has been analysed by using Nvivo10.0 to identify emerging suitable categories and subsequently generate the fi ndings. The fi ndings of this study discovered that there are at least 17 benefi ts of onion. This includes six which are based on the perspectives of Islamic scholars which are to treat epiphora, to treat ear problems, to medicate infections from dog bites, to neutralize poisons, to stimulate sexual desire and to treat water-borne diseases. Another 11 benefi ts identifi ed in the scientifi c researches include its potential as an antiplatelet agent, anti-fat formation agent, antioxidant agent, antithrombotic agent, anticarcinogen agent, antidepressant agent, antiinfl ammatory agent, antiasthmatic agent, and antibiotic agent, as well as it helps decrease hyperglicemia levels and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Thus, this study suggest that onion should be highlighted as one of organic treatment/remedy as well as an alternative to conventional treatment.

"Façamos dessa gente um elemento seguro do nosso progresso material e moral": a inspeção médico-escolar no Paraná dos anos 1920 / Let's make these people a safe element of our material and moral progress: medical-scholar inspections in Paraná during the 1920's

A linha norteadora da educação no Paraná está fundamentada na necessidade de recuperar o homem nativo (caboclo) enquanto força de trabalho através de seu aperfeiçoamento moral, físico, intelectual e laboral. Requer-se da escola o desempenho desta patriótica missão: formar a inteligência do caboclinho de maneira a conhecer intuitivamente preceitos da higiene, meios de defesa contra os insetos e animais nocivos, vantagens do calçado e do uso de instrumentos aperfeiçoados para maior rendimento do trabalho manual". Com essa escola, as autoridades educacionais acreditaram que a higiene rural encontraria o seu melhor auxiliar. Nossa comunicação discute as propostas de inspeção médico-escolar na gestão de Cezar Prieto Martinez, tendo em vista as singularidades populacionais e os objetivos de nacionalização da escola almejados. Que características e desdobramentos norteiam o discurso médico higienista em face da realidade na qual o embranquecimento não se coloca como questão fundamental?.

The main axis of Education in Paraná is based on the necessity of retrieving the native man (half-caste) as labor force by the development of their moral, physic, intellect and work. This way, it is expected from the school, such patriotic mission: to develop the little native men intelligence in order to make them intuitively aware of "the most appropriate hygiene practices, defensive attitudes against insects and harmful animals, and the advantages of wearing shoes and utilizing improved tools for better handiwork". With such school, educational authorities believed that rural hygiene would find its best supporter. This communication intends to discuss proposals of medical-scholar inspections presented during Cesar Prieto Martinez's public management, taking into consideration the specificities of the population and the objectives of the school nationalization aimed by the State. What characteristics and developments guide medical hygienist discourse in relation to such reality, which had not the "white becoming" as its main question?.