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Introducción: La educación universitaria constituye un proceso generador de muchas tensiones para los estudiantes de todo el mundo, que se ha asociado a altos niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión. Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones de estrés académico en estudiantes del tercer año de la carrera de Medicina. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de 10 estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina No. 1 de Santiago de Cuba, diagnosticados con estrés académico en la Unidad de Orientación Estudiantil, desde enero hasta junio de 2022. Resultados: Predominó el estrés moderado en 70,0 % de los alumnos, con una primacía del sexo femenino (50,0 %). La frecuencia de intensidad de la preocupación fue expresada en el valor categorial mucho (70,0 %). Entre los principales factores estresores identificados figuraron: sobrecarga de tareas y trabajos, evaluaciones de los profesores y participación en clase, que en su totalidad forman parte de la dinámica del proceso formativo de la carrera. También prevaleció la diversidad de estrategias de afrontamiento a dicho estrés. Conclusiones: El estrés académico se presentó mayormente en las esferas afectiva y conductual de los estudiantes y se asoció a sucesos vivenciales como factores estresores.
Introduction: University education constitutes a process that generates many tensions for the students from all over the world, which has been associated with high stress levels, anxiety and depression. Objective: To describe the manifestations of academic stress in students from the third year of Medicine. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 10 students from the Medicine Faculty No. 1 was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, diagnosed with academic stress in the Student Direction Unit, from January to June, 2022. Results: The moderated stress prevailed in 70.0 % of the students, with a primacy of female sex (50.0 %). The frequency of intensity of the concern was expressed in the categorical value (70.0 %) as many. Among the main identified factors that cause stress we can mention: excess of tasks and works, professors evaluations and participation in class that are part of the dynamics in the training process of the career. Also, the diversity of strategies to face this stress prevailed. Conclusions: The academic stress was mostly present in the affective and behavioral spheres of the students and was associated with events experienced as factors that cause stress.
Assuntos
Estresse Psicológico , Estudantes de Medicina , Adaptação PsicológicaRESUMO
Objective:To establish a post competency model for clinical medical students in military medical universities to explore the qualities most needed by outstanding graduates.Methods:Through behavioral event interview (BEI) method, the complete interview data of 82 graduates (40 students in excellent group and 42 students in normal group) from a military medical university were obtained. The respondents were asked to recall the three most successful and unsuccessful cases in their past work, and fill in the checklist. The interview data were coded, marked and classified, the interview recording data were analyzed, and the comparison was made between the frequency of competency characteristics and the collection points of excellent graduates.Results:Top 9 competency features with the highest frequency and no difference between the two groups were respectively internal quality (82 students, 100%), clinical medical service capacity (52 students, 63.4%), continuous learning ability (36 students, 43.9%), teamwork ability (38 students, 46.3%), career (66 students, 80.5%), enterprise (46 students, 56.1%), sense of responsibility (42 students, 51.2%), execution (42 students, 51.2%), and coordination of team members (36 students, 44.0%). The proportions of excellent graduates to mention the ability to apply information tools ( χ2=6.80, P=0.009),; master English literature ( χ2=4.42, P=0.036), and be self-disciplined and fame and fortune-weakened ( χ2=6.90, P=0.009) were higher than those of the ordinary ones. Conclusion:This study has scientifically constructed a post competency model for clinical medicine students in military medical universities, including the benchmark competency model (9 characteristics with the highest frequency and non-differentiated between two groups) and the identification competency model (3 characteristics of excellent graduates higher than those of ordinary ones).
RESUMO
Se presenta el caso de una estudiante de segundo año medicina, atendida en la Unidad de Orientación Estudiantil de la Facultad de Medicina No. 1 de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, entre septiembre y diciembre de 2021, por presentar problemas académicos y manifestaciones de estrés debido a que fue víctima de acoso verbal y psicológico por parte de sus compañeros de grupo a partir de un acto de sexting por parte de su pareja. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se le dio seguimiento para un mejor estudio y se comparten los hallazgos con la comunidad científica en general.
The case of a second year medicine student is presented, assisted in the Student Orientation Unit of Medicine Faculty No. 1 in the University of Medical Sciences from Santiago de Cuba, between September and December, 2021, due to academic problems and stress manifestations because she was victim of verbal and psychological harassment by her groupmates as a result of an act of sexting by her couple. Taking into account the above-mentioned she was followed up for a better study and findings are shared with the scientific community in general.
Assuntos
Assédio não Sexual , Cyberbullying , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
La prevención ante los desastres acaecidos por sismos constituye una problemática en determinadas regiones vulnerables en Cuba, y una prioridad en la formación de estudiantes de medicina. En este trabajo, las opiniones de los autores se fundamentan en la influencia que tiene un proyecto comunitario, para actuar ante situaciones sísmicas, en la preparación de los estudiantes de medicina, pues favorece una mayor calidad profesional y contribuye a enriquecer su labor preventiva con la población. Como parte del proceso, participaron 46 estudiantes de cuarto año de la Facultad de medicina No. 1, de Santiago de Cuba, en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2016 a febrero de 2018(AU)
Prevention of earthquake disasters is a problem in certain vulnerable regions of Cuba, and a priority in the training of medical students. In this work, the authors' opinions are based on the influence that a community project has, to act in seismic situations, in the preparation of medical students, since it favours a higher professional quality and contributes to enriching their preventive work with population. As part of the process, 46 fourth-year students from the Faculty of Medicine No. 1, Santiago de Cuba, participated in the period from September 2016 to February 2018(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Características de Residência , Preparação em Desastres , Educação , Docentes , Terremotos/prevenção & controle , Estudantes de MedicinaRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: El egreso de un médico general competente demanda que desde el pregrado aprenda a solucionar los problemas de salud más prevalentes. Objetivo: Diseñar un sistema de tareas docentes que contribuya a que el estudiante de Medicina desarrolle la habilidad de solucionar problemas de salud de carácter urgente presentes en el paciente adulto. Método: En el curso escolar 2017-2018, en el servicio de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" se realizó un estudio de corte transversal y con enfoque cualitativo. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos. Se hizo un pre-experimento en el que se aplicó un sistema de tareas docentes dirigido a satisfacer el objetivo que se declaró, en el que participaron 25 estudiantes seleccionados aleatoriamente. Resultados: La autoevaluación del estudiante y su examen de desempeño mostró que en el 64,0 % de ellos mejoró su preparación para este fin y logró el desarrollo de la habilidad. Conclusiones: Se fundamenta desde el punto de vista teórico que la solución de estos problemas de salud de carácter urgente adquiere el carácter de habilidad profesional para el médico dada su implicación en el modo de actuación profesional. Se diseña un sistema de tareas docentes que posibilita esta aspiración y se demuestra su viabilidad para su instrumentación en la práctica pedagógica.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The graduation of competent general practitioners demand from them the learning of skills to solve the most common urgent health issues from early stages of the undergraduate level. Objective: To design a system of teaching tasks aiming to the development of problem-solving skills in the medicine student regarding common urgent health problems in adult patients. Method: During the school year 2017-2018, a qualitative-focused cross-sectional study was undertaken in the intensive care service at the General Teaching Hospital ¨Dr. Agostinho Neto¨. In the research, theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used. A pre experiment was carried out, applying a system of teaching tasks aimed to the goals already set, in a group of 25 randomly-selected students. Results: Self-evaluation of the students, and their performance in the exams showed an improvement in 64.0% of them, and the development of the skills required. Conclusions: From a theoretical point of view, is obvious that the resolution of urgent health problems is a keystone skill in the practitioners, due to the importance it has in their career. On that path, a system of tasks is developed in order to show the students how to improve on these skills, and the viability to make this tasks into the current teaching program is proved.
Assuntos
Humanos , Aptidão , Resolução de Problemas , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Estudantes de Medicina , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín, desde enero del 2017 hasta igual periodo del 2018, con vistas a caracterizar el proceso de evaluación final de la disciplina Informática Médica correspondiente al plan de estudio D para el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en los estudiantes de medicina. El universo estuvo constituido por los resultados del trabajo final de las asignaturas Informática, Bioestadística y Metodología; la muestra, por los 40 trabajos finales de Metodología de la Investigación que tuvieron mayores dificultades en el informe escrito y 16 profesores de Informática Médica. Se utilizó la revisión documental, la observación y la entrevista. Se calcularon valores absolutos y porcentajes. Los resultados del trabajo final mostraron excelente promoción. El indicador defensa resultó el de mayor dificultad con 60,0 por ciento de los trabajos evaluados de regular y mal. La evaluación final contribuyó al desarrollo de la habilidad investigativa.
A descriptive study was carried out in Holguín Medical Sciences Faculty, from January, 2017 to the same period in 2018, with the aim of characterizing the process of final evaluation of the Medical Computer discipline corresponding to the study plan D for the development of investigative skills in the medicine students. The universe was constituted by the results of the final work of the subjects Computer science, Biostatistics and Methodology; the sample was constituted by the 40 final works of Methodology of Investigation which had the greatest difficulties in the written report and by 16 professors of Medical Computer science. The documental review, observation and interview were used. Absolute values and percentages were calculated. The results of the final work showed excellent promotion. The indicator defense was that of greatest difficulty with 60.0 percent of the evaluated works as average and poor. The final evaluation contributed to the development of the investigative skill.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Informática Médica , Avaliação de Programas e Instrumentos de Pesquisa , Relatório de Pesquisa , Estudantes de Medicina , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Avaliação EducacionalRESUMO
Nesta tese, objetivou-se caracterizar o perfil, os fatores associados à suspeição de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) e a autopercepção da qualidade de vida (QV) nos estudantes do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA). Foi realizado um estudo analítico transversal com 202 alunos brasileiros e estrangeiros latinoamericanos. O questionário Perfil do Participante foi validado através do índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) e aplicado nos alunos brasileiros e estrangeiros. Foram aplicados nos estudantes brasileiros o Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) e o World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life - bref (WHOQoL-BREF) para avaliação da suspeição de TMC e da QV, respectivamente. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos de alunos brasileiros e estrangeiros. As médias de idade (p = 0,006), da renda familiar (p = 0,002) e de horas por semana de atividade física (p < 0,0001) eram maiores nos brasileiros, assim como, foi encontrado menor número de pessoas que viviam com a renda familiar média (p = 0,002) e maior porcentagem de alunos que consideraram o autodesempenho acadêmico bom/excelente (p = 0,032) neste grupo. A condição de estar solteiro (p < 0,0001), ter religião (p = 0,007), nunca ter feito tratamento psiquiátrico/psicológico (p < 0,0001), sexo feminino (p = 0,041) e menor média da carga horária de sono diária (p < 0,0001) foram observadas em maior porcentagem nos estrangeiros. A prevalência de suspeição de TMC no grupo de estudantes brasileiros foi de 40% com IC95%: [0,31 ; 0,49]. Através da análise pela regressão logística, os domínios psicológico (p < 0,0001) e físico (p = 0,028) do WHOQoL-BREF, o período do curso (p = 0,039), a alimentação (p = 0,009) e achar o curso estressante (p = 0,034) foram associados à suspeição de presença de TMC no grupo de brasileiros. A partir dos resultados encontrados nesse trabalho, verifica-se a necessidade de pesquisas de causalidade de suspeição de TMC e de intensificar os conhecimentos, ampliar a prática de condutas no dia a dia e planejar ações a favor da saúde mental e saúde física do futuro médico
This thesis aimed to characterize the profile, the associated factors with suspicion of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) and the self-perception of quality of life (QoL) in Medicine students at the Federal University of Latin American Integration (UNILA). A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 202 Brazilian and foreign (latin american) students. The Participant Profile questionnaire was validated through the content validity index (CVI) and applied to Brazilian and foreign students. Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) and World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life - bref (WHOQoL-BREF) were applied to Brazilian students to evaluate suspicion of CMD and QoL, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between groups of Brazilian and foreign students. The average age (p = 0.006), family income (p = 0.002) and hours per week of physical activity (p < 0.0001) were higher in Brazilians, and a lower number of people living with average family income (p = 0.002) and higher percentage of students who considered good / excellent academic self-performance (p = 0.032) in this group. The condition of being single (p < 0.0001), having religion (p = 0.007), never having received psychiatric / psychological treatment (p < 0.0001), female gender (p = 0.041) and lower average daily load of sleep (p < 0.0001) were observed in higher percentage in foreign students. The prevalence of suspected CMD in Brazilian students was 40% with 95% CI: [0.31 ; 0.49]. Through logistic regression analysis, the psychological (p < 0.0001) and physical (p = 0.028) domains of the WHOQoLBREF, the course time (p = 0.039), the diet (p = 0.009) and finding the course stressful (p = 0.034) were associated with suspected presence of CMD in the group of Brazilians students. From the results found in this study, it is necessary to investigate causality of suspected CMD and to intensify knowledge, to expand the practice of daily conduct and to plan actions and to improve of mental health and physical health of the future Medicine doctor
Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Estudantes de Medicina , Saúde Mental , Transtornos MentaisRESUMO
Se realizó un estudio experimental, con vistas a medir la efectividad del laminario histológico interactivo de Morfofisiología II, en 32 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de medicina, pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente "José Martí Pérez" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el primer trimestre del 2012. La muestra se dividió en 2 grupos (A y B), distribuidos aleatoriamente; los integrantes del primero usaron la bibliografía básica para el estudio de la asignatura, y los del segundo emplearon además, el laminario antes citado. Se concluyó que dicho software fue efectivo, puesto que los estudiantes del grupo B obtuvieron mejores calificaciones que los del A.
An experimental study was carried out, with the aim of measuring the effectiveness of the Morphophysiology II interactive histological laminario, in 32 first year students of the medicine career, belonging to "José Martí Pérez" Teaching Polyclinic from Santiago de Cuba, during the first trimester of 2012. The sample was divided into 2 randomly distributed groups (A and B). The member of the first group used the basic literature for studying the subject, and those of the second group used besides the literature, the above mentioned laminario. It was concluded that the software was effective, since the students of group B obtained better qualifications that those of group A.
Assuntos
Materiais de Ensino , Software , Estudantes de Medicina , Educação de Graduação em MedicinaRESUMO
Objective To explore the unified assessment methods based on present situation of after-department examination during the internship in the department of obstetrics and gynecology.Methods The present situation of after-department examination in the department of obstetrics and gynecology in 36 comprehensive hospitals of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College were investigated through interviews and research papers including 12 grade A hospital of the first class hospital (33.33％),19 grade A hospital of the second class(52.78％) and 5 grade B hospital of the second class(13.89％).Totally 137 students of clinical major in 4 grade A hospital of the second class were enrolled and were divided into study group(n=72) and control group(n=65).hems of theoretical examination and skill examination as well as the evaluation standard were established combining with the syllabus of the licensed assistant doctors and the talent training scheme requirements.Students in study group were trained according to the practice syllabus,skill examination requirement and evaluation require-ment while those in control group had no cmresponding requirement.After-department examination was organized by school at the end of internship.The full score of theoretical examination and skill examination score was 50 respectively.Smvey results of after-depamnent examination were analyzed by Fisher's Exact Test and the results of after-depamnent examination were analyzed by t test.Results The hospitals having the after-department examination accounted for 80.56％(29/36).The hospitals having the after-depamnent examination according to the practice syllabus requirements accounted for only 20.69％(6/29).After the intervention,theoretical examination scores of study group and control group were 40.31 ± 3.47 and 35.78 ± 4.92,respectively,with statistically significant differences(t=6.26,P=0.000).The skills assessment scores of study group and control group were 40.42 ± 3.02 and 34.05 ± 5.18,respectively,with statistically significant differences(t=8.90,P=0.000).Conclusions The after-department examination in hospital is in a state of randomness,so unified assessment methods are necessary.
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Se hizo un estudio descriptivo y transversal de estudiantes de medicina con bajo rendimiento académico, pertenecientes a la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas No. 2 de Santiago de Cuba en el semestre comprendido desde octubre de 2008 hasta abril de 2009, con vista a determinar las causas de ello. Se halló un predominio de altos niveles de estrés en estos educandos, sobre todo del sexo femenino, así como también de las situaciones estresantes: sobrecarga de tareas y deberes escolares, evaluaciones docentes y tiempo limitado para realizar el trabajo. De todas las reacciones evaluadas, las más intensas fueron las psicológicas, en tanto la estrategia de afrontamiento más usada resultó ser la emoción. En la casuística, el patrón de conducta de tipo A prevaleció en los alumnos con altos niveles de estrés
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of medicine students with low academic performance, belonging to the Medical College No. 2 from Santiago de Cuba was carried out in the semester from October, 2008 to April, 2009, with the objective of determining its causes. A prevalence of high stress levels in these students, mainly of the female sex, as well as of stressing situations was found: overload of tasks and of school duties, teaching evaluations and limited time to carry out the work. Of all the evaluated reactions, the most intense were the psychological ones, while the most used coping strategy was the emotion. The behaviour pattern type A prevailed in the students with high stress levels in the case material
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esgotamento Profissional , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Baixo Rendimento Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , UniversidadesRESUMO
Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência de sobrepeso, o perfil nutricional e o nível de atividade física nos estudantes da Faculdade de Medicina da UNCISAL. Métodos: Foram avaliados acadêmicos do 1° ao 6° ano de medicina num total de 120 pessoas, sendo 104 homens e 16 mulheres. Para a avaliação dos dados foram utilizados apenas os dos acadêmicos do sexo masculino. Para determinação de o sobrepeso foram utilizados os parâmetros da OMS 2002: IMC igual P/A2, em que P igual Peso (quilos) e A igual Altura (metros), dado: IMC maior que 25Kg/m2 igual sobrepeso; IMC maior que 30Kg/m2 igual Obesidade. Para o nível adequado de atividade física foi considerado como duas ou mais vezes por semana de atividade física. Resultados: As prevalências de sobrepeso foram: 1° ano 18,75%; 2° ano - 47,4%; 3° ano - 52,6%; 4° ano - 65%; 5° ano - 66,7% e 6° ano - 83,3% entre os estudantes de medicina. Dos 104 acadêmicos, 64,4% revelaram não praticar nenhum tipo de atividade física regular (1° ano - 56,25% e 6° ano - 64,42%), enquanto apenas 37% o faziam ao menos duas vezes por semana. O perfil nutricional foi avaliado por meio de recordatório alimentar. Conclusão: Concluímos que a prevalência de sobrepeso aumenta à medida que os acadêmicos de medicina vão se es aproximando do final do curso, sendo também relacionada ao sedentarismo crescente e à alimentação inadequada.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudantes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Estado Nutricional , SobrepesoRESUMO
El objetivo del presente trabajo fueexplicar la relación entre factores curriculares y las actitudes hacia la promoción de la salud, que tienen los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Caldas, entre los años 2002 y 2003 en la ciudad de Manizales. Se calculó una muestra de 230 estudiantes, de los cuales se aplicó una encuesta y una escala Liker a 173. Además se realizaron 4 grupos focales y el análisis documental de los principios del currículo oficial de programa de medicina y del plan de estudios. Se encontró que el 66.5% de los estudiantes presentó actitud indiferente hacia la promoción de la salud, el 15% actitud positiva y actitud muy positiva el 2.9%; para el 13.9% la actitud fue negativa y muy negativa para el 1.7 %. Lasmaterias de las áreas básica, clínicas, quirúrgicas y de salud mental, presentan enfoque mórbido excepto las asignaturas de pediatría, pues son las únicasque involucran componentes como promoción de la salud en la formación del estudiante. Los hallazgos demuestran que los currículos oficial y oculto fortalecen la formación clínica y reproducen la impronta institucional que ha tenido el programa, lo que podría explicar la actitud indiferente hacia la promoción de la salud
The objective of this work was to explain the relationship between the curricular factors and attitudes towards health promotion of the medicine students at the Universidad de Caldas between 2002 and 2003 in the city of Manizales. A sample of 230 students was estimated, from which a poll was applied to 173 in the Liker scale. Additionally, four focal groups were organized, and the documental analysis was carried out of the official curricular principles of the Medicine Program, and of the study plan. It was found that 66.5% of the students showed an indifferent attitude towards health promotion, 15% showed a positive attitude and 2.9% showed a very positive attitude; 13.9% showed a negative attitude and 1.7% showed a very negative attitude. The courses in the basic areas, clinical, surgical and mental health show a morbid focus except for the Pediatric courses which involve components of health promotion in the integral formation of the students. The findings show that the official and hidden curricula strengthen the clinical formation and reproduce the institutional profile of the program, which could explain the indifference towards the health promotion