Cobertura de MRS e indicación de terapia hormonal en Pedro Aguirre Cerda, septiembre de 2019

Introducción: El envejecimiento de la población en todo el mundo es un fenómeno progresivo y Chile no se queda atrás frente a esto. Actualmente existe un subprograma de climaterio mujeres entre los 45 a 64 años, que presenta diversas acciones y propósitos. Objetivo: Describir la cobertura de la aplicación de la Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) e indicación de terapia de reemplazo hormonal en mujeres inscritas en los CESFAM de la comuna de Pedro Aguirre Cerda. Método: Descriptivo transversal. Resultados: La cobertura de aplicación de MRS en mujeres entre 45-64 años fue de un 62,6%. Un 34,3% de mujeres presentaron un puntaje MRS alterado, indicándose terapia hormonal en un 37,8% de los casos, en las indicaciones un 21,8% eran usuarias candidatas acorde a criterios médicos y un 78,2% no lo eran. Conclusiones: Se debe aumentar la cobertura de MRS y recursos para exámenes de laboratorio, de imágenes y capacitaciones, esto para mejorar la entrega de las prestaciones en el subprograma climaterio.

Introduction: The aging of the population worldwide is a progressive phenomenon and Chile is not lagging behind in this. Currently, there is a climacteric subprogram for women between 45 and 64 years of age, which has various actions and purposes. Objective: To describe the coverage of the application of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and indication of hormone replacement therapy in women enrolled in the CESFAM of the commune of Pedro Aguirre Cerda. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: The coverage of the MRS application in women between 45-64 years old was 62.6%. A 34.3% of women presented an altered MRS score, indicating hormone therapy in 37.8% of the cases, 21.8% of the indications were candidates according to medical criteria and 78.2% were not. Conclusions: There is a lack of labs and images tests in the climacteric controls, resulting in a mayor number of women no candidates to the hormonal therapy according to medical criteria.

Assessment of the menopausal symptoms of women by using the menopausal rating scale

Background: Although menopause is a universal phenomenon, there is a considerable variation among women regarding the manifestation of menopausal signs and symptoms. Symptoms experienced with the menopausal transition and early post menopause are varied and span both physical and psychological domains. Therefore, a need is felt to evaluate menopausal symptoms on a pretested scale to provide a subjective and clinically reproducible picture of menopausal symptoms.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in MYH ,Indore Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, from July 2016 to December 2016.A pretested,  semi structured, interview based, oral questionnaire was used to assess the menopausal symptoms and their severity in women of age group 35 to 65 years attending MYH, Indore OPD, using MRS scale and to evaluate these symptoms in perimenopausal as compared to postmenopausal women.Results: The results were evaluated for psychological (P), somatic (S), and urogenital (U) symptoms. A significantly higher percentage of perimenopausal women  showed a P score of ≥7; while a higher percentage of postmenopausal showed S score and U score ≥7 ;p ≤ (0.001).Working women seem to suffer more from psychological symptoms whereas nonworking women showed a greater incidence of somatic symptoms.Conclusions: The present study revealed that proportion of menopausal symptoms was significantly high and there was variation of severity of menopausal symptoms with any of the socio demographic variables, menopausal status or duration of menopause.

Evaluación del Tratamiento Homeopático de Mujeres en Climaterio entre los 45 y 60 años con la Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) / Treatment Evaluation Homeopathic Women in Climacteric between 45 and 60 years old with Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)

La terapia hormonal es el tratamiento convencional para contrarrestar síntomas propios del climaterio; sin embargo, algunas mujeres tienen contraindicada esta terapia debido a los efectos adversos que provoca. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la utilidad del tratamiento homeopático durante el climaterio con el uso de la Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) o Escala de Calificación Menopáusica. El estudio incluyó a 31 mujeres, sin problemas cardiacos, sin terapia de reemplazo hormonal y sin antecedentes de cáncer, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario de la MRS para obtener un puntuaje antes del tratamiento. Para determinar el tratamiento se utilizó el repertorio electrónico Radar 10.0 para Windows, con el objetivo de repertorizar los síntomas característicos de cada paciente y determinar el medicamento similar. El medicamento fue prescrito en dinamizaciones 30CH, indicando 5 gotas sublinguales cada 8 horas. La evaluación de los pacientes se llevó a cabo cada mes durante tres meses. Se realizó una evaluación final a los tres meses por comparación de puntajes de la escala inicial y final, a través de un análisis estadístico y utilizando la prueba de Wilcoxon. Lachesis trigonocephalus y Pulsatilla nigricans fueron los medicamentos indicados con mayor frecuencia, de acuerdo con los síntomas de cada paciente. La comparación del puntaje, antes y después del tratamiento, evidenció una reducción de síntomas con diferencia estadística, lo cual reflejó una mejoría global del 35%. Esta evidencia sugiere que el tratamiento homeopático beneficia a las mujeres en el climaterio. (AU)

Hormonal therapy is the conventional treatment for counteracting climacteric symptoms; however, this treatment is contraindicated in some women due to the adverse effects that this therapy may cause. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of homeopathic therapy during the climacteric using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). The study included 31 women, without cardiac problems, history of no cancer or hormone replacement therapy; a MRS scale questionnaire was applied to these women to evaluate each symptom before to treatment. The Radar 10.0 for Windows electronic repertoire was used to repertorize the characteristic symptoms of each patient and determine the similarly. Homeopathic medication was prescribed in 30CH dynamization as 5 sublingual drops every 8 hrs. Patient evaluation took place monthly for 3 months. The evaluation of the results was performed by the comparison of scale scores through a statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Lachesis trigonocephalus and Pulsatilla nigricans were the most frequent treatment indications, according to the symptoms of each patient. At the end of the homeopathic treatment, symptoms reduction was observed with statistical significance in the score, which reflects an overall improvement of 35%. This evidence suggested that homeopathic treatment benefits women in climacteric. (AU)

Cambios biopsicosociales durante el climaterio: síntomas somáticos, insomnio y manifestaciones depresivas / Biopsychosocial changes during the climacteric: somatic symptoms, insomnia and depressive manifestations / Alterações biopsicossociais durante o climatério: sintomas somáticos, insônia e manifestações depressivas

El climaterio es un proceso dinámico y complejo, mediado por el contexto en donde viven las mujeres. El objetivo de este estudio exploratorio, observacional y descriptivo, fue evaluar los síntomas somáticos, su relación con las manifestaciones depresivas, mediante la Menopuase Rating Scale (MRS) y la escala de Zung. Los principales síntomas son: sofocos, insomnio y dolores articulares. Se constató que tales síntomas se intensifican en presencia de manifestaciones depresivas, afectando la salud y la calidad de vida.

Climacteric is a dynamic and complex process, mediated by the context in which women live. The aim of the study descriptive, exploratory and observational was to assess somatic symptoms and their relationship with depressive manifestations through Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the Zung scale. The Study shows that symptoms: hot flashes, insomnia and joint pains are intensified in the presence of depressive manifestations affecting the health and quality of life.

O climatério é um processo dinâmico e complexo, mediado pelo contexto em que as mulheres vivem. O objetivo deste estudo exploratório, observacional e descritivo foi avaliar os sintomas somáticos, sua relação com as manifestações depressivas, através da Menopuase Rating Scale (MRS) e da escala de Zung. Os principais sintomas são: afrontamentos, insônia e dores articulares. Constatou-se que esses sintomas se intensificam na presença de manifestações depressivas, afetando a saúde e a qualidade de vida.

Síntomas psicológicos en la transición menopáusica / Psychological symptoms in the menopausal transition

RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Conocer los síntomas en la Transición Menopáusica, mediante el autoinforme de la mujer, clasificado en tres grupos: 1er. Temprana de la Transición Menopáusica (etapa −2), 2°. Tardía de la Transición Menopáusica y Temprana de Postmenopausia (etapas −1 y +1a) y 3er. grupo Temprana de Postmenopausia con Tardía de Postmenopausia (etapas +1b, +1c y +2), analizando síntomas psicológicos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio no experimental transversal muestreo no probabilístico. Participantes 116 mujeres en un rango de edad entre 40 y 60 años con alto nivel de escolaridad, mediante la Escala de Clasificación en la Menopausia MRS, el Inventario de Ansiedad y Depresión de Beck. RESULTADOS: La muestra quedó conformada por un total de 100 mujeres con al menos un síntoma, con alto nivel de escolaridad y en el rango de edad de 40 a 60 años, agrupadas por etapa de Transición Menopáusica: 1er. grupo 36 mujeres, 2°. grupo 16 y 3er. grupo con 48 personas. Los síntomas psicológicos medidos con MRS son los más frecuentes en 41.60%; reportan queja subjetiva de pérdida de memoria 57% de las mujeres. Alfa Cronbach de .74 en MRS. CONCLUSIONES: Los síntomas psicológicos están presentes como un continuo a lo largo de la Transición Menopáusica, posiblemente debidos a la disminución de concentración de estrógenos, lo que conlleva en algunos casos al diagnóstico de Trastorno Neurocognitivo Leve.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To know the symptoms in the Menopausal Transition, through the self-report of the women, classified into three groups: 1st. Early Menopausal Transition (stage −2), 2nd. Late Menopausal Transition and Early Postmenopause (stages −1 and +1a) and 3rd. group Early Postmenopause with Late Postmenopause (stages +1b, +1 c and +2), analyzing psycological symptoms. MATERIAL & METHOD: Non-experimental transversal study, non-probabilistic sampling. The participants were 116 women between 40 and 60 years old with high schooling level, through The Menopause Rating Scale MRS, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Depression Inventory. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 100 women with at least one symptom, with a high schooling level in the range of 40 to 60 years, grouped by Menopausal Transition stage: 1st. 36 women, 2nd. Group 16 and 3rd. group with 48. The psycological symptoms measured with MRS were the most frequently in 41.60%; report subjective complaint of memory loss 57% of women. Alfa Cronbach of .74 in MRS. CONCLUSION: Psychological symptoms are present as a continuum throughout the Menopausal Transition, possibly due to the decreased concentration of estrogen, which in some cases leads the diagnosis of Mild Neurocognitive Disorder.

Poor sleep in middle-aged women is not associated with menopause per se

Whether sleep problems of menopausal women are associated with vasomotor symptoms and/or changes in estrogen levels associated with menopause or age-related changes in sleep architecture is unclear. This study aimed to determine if poor sleep in middle-aged women is correlated with menopause. This study recruited women seeking care for the first time at the menopause outpatient department of our hospital. Inclusion criteria were an age ≥40 years, not taking any medications for menopausal symptoms, and no sleeping problems or depression. Patients were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), modified Kupperman Index (KI), and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). A PSQI score of <7 indicated no sleep disorder and ≥7 indicated a sleep disorder. Blood specimens were analyzed for follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels. A total of 244 women were included in the study; 103 (42.2%) were identified as having a sleep disorder and 141 as not having one. In addition, 156 (64%) women were postmenopausal and 88 (36%) were not menopausal. Follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels were similar between the groups. Patients with a sleep disorder had a significantly higher total modified KI score and total MRS score (both, P<0.001) compared with those without a sleep disorder. Correlations of the PSQI total score with the KI and MRS were similar in menopausal and non-menopausal women. These results do not support that menopause per se specifically contributes to sleep problems.

Therapeutic ComparisonBetween Acupuncture and Chinese Medication in Improving the Quality of Life in Post-menopausal Women / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of acupuncture and Chinese medication in improving the quality of life in post-menopausal women.MethodThe menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was adopted to evaluate the quality of life in post-menopausal women. Thirty post-menopausal women of MRS≥20 were randomized into an acupuncture group and a Chinese medication group to respectively receive 4-week treatment. They were scored again by using MRS at the end of intervention and during the follow-up study to compare with the pre-treatment scores.ResultThe decrease of MRS score was more significant in the acupuncture group than that in the Chinese medication group, and the intra-group comparisons between pre-treatment and post-treatment scores showed significant differences (P<0.001), and the intra-group comparisons also showed differences between pre-treatment and follow-up results (P<0.05).ConclusionThe effect of acupuncture in improving the quality of life in post-menopausal women is more significant than that of Chinese medication.

The Relationship between Menopausal Symptoms and Heart Rate Variability in Middle Aged Women / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: The study of the correlation of menopausal symptoms with heart rate variability (HRV) has not been adequate. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between postmenopausal symptoms measured by the menopause rating scale (MRS) and HRV. METHODS: We assessed postmenopausal symptoms (using MRS) with age, BMI, educational status, occupation, marital status, alcohol and caffeine consumption, smoking history, exercise, duration of sleep and amenorrhea, degree of anxiety and depression, menarcheal age, and heart rate variability. For evaluation of HRV, the record of electrocardiogram for 5 minutes in the resting state was divided into temporal categories and frequency categories, and analyzed. RESULTS: No significant differences in age, BMI, duration of amenorrhea, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein were observed between two groups, which were divided according to menopausal symptoms. Low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio was significantly higher in symptomatic women, compared with asymptomatic women (P < 0.05). No significant differences of HRV index by the severity of postmenopausal symptoms were observed. LF/HF ratio of HRV parameters showed a significant increase in moderate or severe degree of "hot flashes" and "sleep problem" score (P < 0.05). Anxiety scale in symptomatic women was significantly higher than in asymptomatic women (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The above data suggest that postmenopausal symptoms are associated with altered autonomic control of heart rate. In particular, hot flashes and sleep problems in moderate or severe degree are related to increase of sympathetic nerve activity.

Manifestaciones músculo-articulares, y no las oleadas de calor, es el síntoma más prevalente en mujeres climatéricas del Caribe colombiano / Joint and muscular discomfort, and not hot flashes, are the most frequent symptoms in middle-age menopause women from the Colombian Caribbean

Objetivo: Evaluar con Menopause Rating Scale la frecuencia y severidad de síntomas menopáusicos presentes en un conjunto global de mujeres saludables en edad media que son originarias y residen en distintas comunidades del Caribe colombiano. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con formulario y escala MRS aplicada entre noviembre de 2006 y enero de 2009 a mujeres saludables entre 40 y 59 años de edad, tomadas de comunidades de la Costa Caribe colombiana: afrodescendientes, indígenas e hispánicas. Se determinó la frecuencia de presentación de los síntomas y su severidad. Resultados: Las molestias músculo-articulares fueron el síntoma más frecuente en un 72.9% de las mujeres, seguido de las oleadas de calor, en un 70.4%. La irritabilidad y el cansancio físico y mental fueron síntomas frecuentes, y se presentaron en más del 60% de las participantes. Las molestias músculo-articulares tienen la mayor puntuación promedio (1,6 +/-1,3), lo cual revela que contribuyen en mayor proporción al deterioro de la calidad de vida. Al considerar la severidad de los síntomas en quienes manifestaron molestias músculo-articulares, los síntomas fueron severos o muy severos en un 29.6%, seguido de los problemas de vejiga, con un 23.2%. Conclusión: Para mejorar la calidad de vida de la mujer en la menopausia es importante caracterizar los síntomas climatéricos en cada población para brindar una mejor atención en salud, descubrir estrategias para el manejo de los síntomas y promover estilos de vida que contribuyan a disminuir su incidencia y severidad.

Objective: Determine the frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms in a set of healthy middle aged women born and living in different communities of the Colombian Caribbean with menopause rating scale (MRS). Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study. Survey form and scale MRS were applied between November 2006 and January 2009 in healthy women between 40 and 59 years old, taken from communities in the Colombian Caribbean: Afro-descents, indigenous and Hispanic. We determined the frequency of symptoms and their severity. Results: Joint and muscular discomfort was the most frequent symptom in 72.9% of women, followed by hot flashes in 70.4%; irritability and physical and mental exhaustion were frequent, occurring in more than 60% of participants. Joint and muscular discomfort had the highest average score (1.6 + / -1.3), revealing that is a major contributor to a poorer quality of life. Considering severity of symptoms, joint and muscular discomfort was expressed as severe or very severe in 29.6%, followed by bladder problems in 23.2%. Conclusion: To improve the quality of life for women in menopause is important to characterize the climacteric symptoms in each population to provide better health care, discover strategies for managing symptoms, and promote lifestyles that help reduce its incidence and severity.

Frecuencia y severidad de síntomas menopáusicos en una población de mujeres afro descendientes colombianas / Frequency y and severity of menopausal symptoms among Colombian afrodescendant women

Introducción: Es diferente la prevalencia y la severidad de los síntomas relacionados con la menopausia cuando se evalúan diferentes grupos étnicos o poblacionales. Se ha señalado que las mujeres de raza negra pueden tener mayor riesgo de oleadas de calor que las mujeres caucásicas. Objetivos: Evaluar la frecuencia y severidad de síntomas menopáusicos entre mujeres afro descendientes colombianas. Método: Estudio transversal, parte del proyecto CAVIMEC (Calidad de vida en la menopausia y etnias colombianas), realizado en mujeres afro descendientes colombianas entre 40 y 59 años. Fueron evaluadas con Menopause Ranting Scale (MRS) para establecer la frecuencia e intensidad de síntomas menopáusicos. Resultados: 201 mujeres afro descendientes colombianas fueron incluidas. La edad promedio fue de 47.2±5.2 años,estando el 43% en premenopausia, 18% en perimenopausia y 38% en postmenopausia; el tiempo promedio desde la última regla fue de 3.2±2.7 años y con edad promedio de la menopausia fue 45.9±4.8 años; el 50% de las pacientes con menopausia natural. La mitad de las participantes manifestó tener síntomas de menopausia, siendo moderados en el 28% y severos o muy severos en el 9%. El 77% presenta síntomas musculares o articulares, 54% oleadas de calor, 64% irritabilidad y 16% problemas vesicales. La puntuación de MRS fue: dimensión somático-vegetativa 5.0±3.3, psicológica 4.8±3.3 y global 10.6±6.3. Conclusión: En mujeres afro descendientes colombianas se observa elevada puntuación en la escala MRS, dada por una elevada presencia de síntomas somático-vegetativos y psicológicos La puntuación observada supera significativamente la de otras poblaciones tomadas como referente.

Background: The existence and intensity of the symptoms related to menopause are different when evaluating different ethnic or population groups. It has been stated that black race women are prone to a bigger risk of heat waves than white women. Objective: To evaluate the frequency and intensity of the menopause symptoms among afro descendant Colombian women. Method: Transversal study, part of the CAVIMEC Project (Quality of life in menopause and Colombian ethnic groups), made with afro descendant Colombian women aged between 40 and 59 years old, who were evaluated through the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) in order to determine the frequency and intensity of menopause symptoms. Results: 201 women were included; their average age was 47.2±5.2 years; 43% were in pre-menopause, 18% in peri-menopause and 38% in post-menopause. They rated 3.2±2.7 years since their last menstruation, and their menopause average age were 45.9±4.8; 50% had natural menopause. Half of participants had menopause symptoms, 28% mild and 9% severe to very severe; 77% had muscle or articulation symptoms, 54% heat waves, 64% irritability and 16% vesicle problems. The MRS score: somatic-vegetative dimension 5.0±3.3, psychological 4.8±3.3 and global punctuation 10.6±6.3. Conclusion: In afro descendant women it is observed a high MRS score due to a high presence of somatic-vegetative and psychological symptoms. The observed punctuation rises above those taken in other populations in a significant way.