Latent class analysis of symptom characteristics in young and middle-aged peritoneal dialysis patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To classify the symptom characteristics of young and middle-aged peritoneal dialysis patients and to explore the differences of demographic functional status and social function of patients with different symptom categories.Methods:A total of 179 peritoneal dialysis patients from 3 peritoneal dialysis centers in Shanghai were investigated from December 2019 to August 2020 by General Information Questionnaire, Peritoneal Dialysis Symptom Distress Scale. Latent class analysis was used to classify young and middle-aged peritoneal dialysis patients according to symptom characteristics. Multiple Logistic regression was used to explore the differences of demographic and disease characteristics of different categories of patients.Results:Peritoneal dialysis patients could be divided into three potential categories according to symptom characteristics ( P<0.05). According to the conditional probability of each category, they were named "low symptom group" (111 cases,62.0%), "high psychological-moderate physical symptom group" (22 cases, 12.3%), "high symptom group" (46 cases,25.7%). There were differences in working status ( OR=0.029, P<0.01), education level ( OR=152.799, P<0.01), duration ( OR=81.307, P<0.05), diabetic nephropathy ( OR=80.619, P<0.01) and CCI score ( OR=91.188, P<0.01) distribution among different potential categories of young and middle-aged peritoneal dialysis patients. Conclusions:There are three types of potential symptoms in young and middle-aged patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. In clinical practice, medical staff should focus on the psychological status of young and middle-aged patients with low educational background and early stage of dialysis, and encourage them to return to work; at the same time, they should regularly evaluate the symptom burden of patients with diabetic nephropathy and high complication index peritoneal dialysis patients, in order to provide targeted intervention measures to prevent the progression of the disease.

The Role of Pastors: Attitude of 193 Ante Natal Clinic Attendees towards Caesarean Section at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

Introduction:Caesarean section (Cs) is a surgical procedure carried out to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Aversion to Cs may constitute a major obstacle to safe motherhood. Some for pregnant women not accepting Cs are socio-cultural, religious, ethnic or economical.Aim:Determine the attitude of the church in Nigeria and Pastors towards caesarean section, hence profer solution to the aversion to caesarean section. Methods:It was a prospective study of ANC attendees at the RSUTH. The information was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results:A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 193 retrieved. The mean age was 31 years. The modal parity was 2. As regards level of education; respondents with no formal education were 5 (2.6%), primary 6 (3.1%), secondary 88 (45.6%) and tertiary 94 (48.7%). Fifty seven (30%) of the antenatal mothers had aversion for CS. The reasons given were socio-cultural 25 (13%), religious 8 (4.1%), economic 7 (3.6), ethnic 4 (2.1%), combination of the above 17 (8.8%) and 132 (68.4%) did not respond.Conclusion:The study revealed that the aversion for CS was 30% amongst antenatal clinic attendees at the RSUTH. Religious in this scenario were all Christians was 4.1 %, non-respondents were 68.4%. Counselling and advocacy are needed to change the wrong perspective about CS by the Pastors to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality

Changing the meaning of the images in the history textbook: an indication of internal colonialism / Mudando o significado das imagens no livro de história: uma indicação do colonialismo interno / Cambiar el significado de las imágenes en el libro de texto de la historia: una indicación del colonialismo interno

The Indian history textbook for class eight published by the National Council for Educational Research and Training includes a plethora of images, and readers are encouraged to look at them critically. There is a clear effort to teach history through the visuals. This research is primarily concerned about the representation of the historical stories of the tribal people of India and thus it only closely analyzes the chapter four that is dedicated to the stories of the tribal people. Moreover, this paper critically examines three pictures of the tribal people of India, taken by an internationally recognized photo journalist Sunil Janah, that have been attached to the forth chapter of the book. This is an effort to show the contrast between the stories behind the pictures in their original context, with the new stories that the same pictures depict in a very different context in the textbook. The changed meaning of the pictures and the way they are used in the textbook shows an ignorance of telling the history of the tribal people in their own way. A closer look will reveal the dominance of highly colonized ideology that encourages the book writers to dehumanize a very diverse Indian tribal community and neglect their identity by putting them under one umbrella term. Also, the same ideology reflects when the book attempts to tell their stories in an apathetic and monotonous way.

O livro de história indiano para a classe oito publicada pelo Conselho Nacional de pesquisa educacional e formação inclui uma infinidade de imagens, e os leitores são encorajados a olhar para estas criticamente. Há um esforço claro em ensinar a história através do visual. Esta pesquisa é principalmente preocupada com a representação das estórias históricas do povo tribal da Índia e, para tanto, analisa detalhadamente em seu capítulo quatro as histórias do povo tribal. Além disso, este artigo examina criticamente três fotos do povo tribal da Índia, tiradas por um jornalista fotográfico internacionalmente reconhecido, Sunil Janah, que foram anexadas ao capítulo quatro do livro. Este é um esforço para mostrar o contraste entre as histórias por trás das imagens em seu contexto original, com as novas histórias que as mesmas imagens retratam em um contexto muito diferente no livro didático. O significado alterado das imagens e a maneira como elas são usados no livro didático, mostra uma ignorância em contar a história das pessoas tribais em sua própria maneira. Um olhar mais atento revelará a predominância da ideologia altamente colonizada que incentiva os escritores do livro a desumanizar uma comunidade tribal indiana muito diversa e a negligenciar sua identidade ao colocá-la embaixo de um guarda-chuva de um só termo. Além disso, a mesma ideologia se revela quando o livro tenta contar suas histórias de uma forma apática e monótona.

El libro de texto de historia de la India para la clase ocho publicado por el Consejo Nacional de Investigación y Capacitación Educativa incluye una gran cantidad de imágenes, y se anima a los lectores a mirarlas críticamente. Hay un claro esfuerzo por enseñar a la historia a través de las imágenes. Esta investigación es principalmente preocupante de la representación de las historias históricas del pueblo tribal de la India y por lo tanto sólo analiza de cerca el capítulo cuatro que está dedicado a las historias del pueblo tribal. Además, este documento examina críticamente tres imágenes del pueblo tribal de la India, tomadas por un periodista fotográfico reconocido internacionalmente, Sunil Janah, que se han adjuntado al capítulo cuatro del libro. Este es un esfuerzo para mostrar el contraste entre las historias detrás de las imágenes en su contexto original, con las nuevas historias que las mismas imágenes representan en un contexto muy diferente en el libro de texto. El significado cambiado de las imágenes y la forma en que se utilizan en el libro de texto, muestran una ignorancia de contar la historia del pueblo tribal a su manera. Una mirada más cercana revelará el dominio de la ideología altamente colonizada que alienta a los escritores de libros a deshumanizar a una comunidad tribal india muy diversa y descuidar su identidad poniéndolos bajo un término general. Además, la misma ideología se refleja cuando el libro intenta contar sus historias de una manera apática y monótona.

Comparison of the Effect of Endometrectomy and Hysterectomy of Patients with Refractory Menorrhagia / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] To researchthe influence of endometrectomy and hysterectomy on the physiology and mentality of patients with refractory menorrhagia.[Method] This research selected 110 patients with refractory menorrhagia that accepted in our hospital from January,2015 to January,2017 as the object of study.Under the consent of patients,they were randomly divided into the endometrectomy group and hysterectomy group.Then the rate of Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS),the recovery condition of colporrhagia and improvement of anemia of both groups were compared.[Result] Before treatment,the compare between both group's rate of SAS and SDS are not statistically significant (P＞0.05),after treatment,the SAS and SDS rate of endometrectomy group are respectively (45.31±3.58) and (46.31±3.46),which are both significantly lower than the hysterectomy group (P＜0.05);the endometrectomy group has a good rate of 94.55％ on the recovery condition of colporrhagia,which is significantly higher than the hysterectomy group's 81.81％ (P＜0.05);before surgery,the compare of hemoglobin quantity between two group are not statistically significant (P＞0.05);within 1,3 and 6 months after surgery,the hemoglobin level of endometrectomy group are significantly higher than the hysterectomy group (P＜0.05).[Conclusion] Both endometrectomy and hysterectomy can effectively treat patients with refractory menorrhagia,but endometrectomy has less influence on patient's physiology and mentality,which can facilitate patient's recovery and could be widely applied on clinical treatment.

Tumorigenesis and human brain / 肿瘤

Classical theories of origin for cancer neglect the role of human brain in most cases. Mentality is the product of brain, and the brain promotes tumorigenesis by regulating nervous system, immunological function, endocrine system and energy metabolism. Psychology will provide the means to control the brain activity which highlights the future applications for treating human cancers.

Study of rural doctors′social mentality based on relative deprivation theory / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze rural doctors′ social mentality with the theory of relative deprivation.Methods 642 rural doctors from 225 villages of 1 5 counties in Shandong were selected for a questionnaire survey.The factor analysis method was used to reduce the scale dimension and simplify the scale.Analysis of rural doctors′vertical and horizontal relative deprivation was made based on different reference groups.Results Rural doctors tend to identify themselves with rural teachers and doctors in township hospitals,and 60.0% identify themselves as the low income group.39.9% of them found a higher income,while 33.5% of them found a higher social status.76.3% of them found their social contributions are higher.91.4% of them hold that villagers benefit from the new healthcare reform policies,while 65.9% of them hold themselves as benefiting from such policies.This indicates a low sense of achievement.Conclusions Compared with the reference groups,rural doctors feel an obvious sense of relative deprivation comparing both horizontally and vertically.They hold themselves as underpaid and have little sense of achievement for the policies.In this consideration,the government should increase subsidies to lift pay for rural doctors,and to identify their legitimacy,in order to stabilize these medical workers.

On the aesthetics construction of college students' active social psychology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The mental health problem of the society in the transition period has become a serious public health problem.Psychological factors have become an important factor to influence whether a college student becomes an excellent person.Based on multi-theories of psychology, this paper analyzes the performance of college students' social psychology.The medical ways to construct psychological aesthetics include the following aspects: 1)guiding students to beautify emotion with aesthetic characteristics;2)improving their aesthetic ability by understanding aesthetic knowledge;3)stimulating their initiative aesthetics using self-education;4)exploring the realistic mode to medically build aesthetics structure of college students' positive social psychology.

Corpos em equilíbrio: imagens e cotidiano ribeirinho no Porto do Açaí e na Ilha do Maracujá, Belém (PA) / Bodies in balance: riverside images and everyday life in Açaí Port and on Maracujá Island, Belém (State of Pará)

Refletir, partindo do registro fotográfico, sobre o fluxo de ida e volta dos moradores da ilha do Maracujá, entre a ilha e Belém, fazendo uso das formas com que utilizam seus corpos ou 'sabem servir-se' deles, no que Mauss chamou de técnicas corporais. Corpos evidenciados, uma vez que estão sempre à mostra, capazes, portanto, de ser visualmente etnografados. Inspirado em Certeau, o artigo busca pensar as táticas corporais elaboradas pelos moradores da ilha ao praticar as paisagens de pertença, revelando expressões de corpo peculiares na construção de suas experiências cotidianas. Tais observações não remetem a um corpo-objeto, mas a um corpo que é o sujeito da cultura, como diz Csordas, um corpo que é "a base existencial da cultura".

Based on photographic records, this paper reflects on the ebb and flow of the Maracujá Island dwellers, between the island and Belém, making use of the ways they use their bodies or 'know how to use' them, that Mauss called corporal techniques. Bodies disclosed, since they are always exposed and therefore capable of being visually and ethnographically categorized. Inspired on Certeau, the article seeks to think of the corporal tactics devised by island residents to practice the landscapes of belonging revealing peculiar body expressions in constructing their everyday experiences. Such observations do not refer to a body-object, but to a body that is the subject of culture, as Csordas says, a body that is "the existential basis of culture".

Para entender o mundo em que vivemos / To understand the world we live in / Para entender el mundo en que vivimos

O capitalismo se revelou, no mundo contemporâneo, não apenas um sistema econômico, mas uma autêntica civilização, mais exatamente a primeira civilização mundial da história. Em radical oposição a todas as civilizações que o precederam, o capitalismo engendrou nas sociedades uma mentalidade ética anticomunitária, fundada no egoísmo materialista, na superposição do interesse privado ao bem público e na utilização do poder econômico de forma disfarçada ou oculta.

Capitalism has shown itself, in the modern world, not only as an economic system, but as an authentic civilization, most precisely the first worldwide civilization in History. In radical opposition to every civilization which preceded it, capitalism engendered an anti-community mentality in societies, founded on egotistic materialism, on the superposition of the private interest over the public interest, and on the use of economic power in a disguised or hidden way.

El capitalismo se reveló, en el mundo contemporáneo, no sólo como un sistema económico, sino como una auténtica civilización, con mayor exactitud, la primera civilización mundial de la Historia. En una oposición radial a todas las civilizaciones que lo antecedieron, el capitalismo engendró en las sociedades una mentalidad ética anti comunitaria, basada en el egoísmo materialista, en la superposición del interés privado al bien público, y en el uso del poder económico de forma disfrazada u oculta.

Intelligence, Personality and Mentality of Patients with Intractable Epilepsy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the characteristic of intelligence, personality and mentality of patients with intractable epilepsy and analyzethe related factors on intelligence. Methods 68 patients with intractable epilepsy and 60 healthy persons were assessed with Raven'sstandard progressive matrices (SPM), Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and 90 symptoms checklist (SCL-90). The related factors onintelligence were analyzed. Results Compared with controls, the total score and IQ of SPM of the patients decreased significantly (P<0.05).There were 51.4% of intellectual deficiency in patients with intractable epilepsy, which was higher than that of controls (1.7%) (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in score of EPQ and the proportion of personality type between 2 groups (P>0.05). The total score ofSCL-90 and the factor score, such as somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and hostility in patients were higher thanthose in controls(P<0.05). Various factors, including the onset age, course of disease, seizure types, frequency, duration, number of drug, thescores of SCL-90 were correlated with the intelligence of epileptic patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The intelligence of many patients with intractableepilepsy were damaged, and many patients were with various psychological barriers. The onset age, course of disease, seizuretypes, frequency, duration and number of drug were important factors related with intellectual disorders in patients with intractable epilepsy.

Libros de lectura en la escuela primaria argentina: civilizando al niño urbano y urbanizando al niño campesino (1900-1946) / Textbooks used in the primary argentine school: civilizing urban children and urbanizing rural children (1900-1946)

Los libros de lectura usados en la educación primaria argentina fueron un instrumento muy importante para la transmisión de las ideas de modernización y "civilización" de la sociedad. Fueron un apoyo fundamental en la difusión de los valores morales, estéticos y patrióticos, aunque no fueron militaristas y tendieron a moderar la inclusión de preceptos higienistas, a medida que la población los fue asimilando. La consolidación de las pedagogías espiritualistas, con elementos de la Escuela Nueva, se advierte también en los contenidos de estos libros, que pusieron el énfasis en el autocontrol del escolar, apelando a la persuasión y a los sentimientos de emulación y de culpa. Escritos para niños urbanos, no fueron funcionales para el medio rural, aunque contribuyeron a una temprana urbanización de la mentalidad agraria.

Textbooks used in the primary Argentine education were a very important instrument for the transmission of the ideas of modernization and "civilization" of the society. They were a fundamental support in the diffusion of the moral, aesthetic and patriotic values, though they were not militaristic and tended to moderate the incorporation of hygienists rules, as the population was assimilating them. The consolidation of the spiritualist pedagogy, with elements of the New School, are found also in the contents of these books, which put the emphasis in the self-control of the student, appealing to the persuasion and the feelings of emulation and fault. Written for urban children, they were not functional for the rural area, though they contributed to an early urbanization of the agrarian mentality.

Effects of children's mentality on mental symptoms during recovery period of ketamine anesthesia / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of children's mentality on mental symptoms during recovery period of ketamine anesthesia. Methods According to the mentality, forty-five children undergoing smalminor surgery were assigned into active group, stable group and fretful group with 15 cases each. Child was anaesthetized by ketamine alone. RP, BP, HR and SpO_2 were recorded at the end of operation, 5,10 and 30 min after operation. Meanwhile the expression, feeling, behavior, talking and activity were observed. Results RR, BP, HR in active group and fretful group were significantly higher than those in stable group. There was a significant difference in the expression, feeling, behavior, talking and activity among three groups. Conclusion Children's mentality has a significant effect on mental symptoms and hemodynamics during recovery period of ketamine anesthesia.

Effects of Group Psychological Service on Mental Health of Children Left behind in Rural Areas / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective：To explore the effect of group psychological service on mental health of the children left behind in rural areas.Methods：Totally 222 children left behind in rural areas were selected randomly and divided into intervention group and control group.The intervention group accepted 8 times of group psychological service.The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression scale for Children(CES-DC),Rutter Children's Behavior questionnaire for completion by teacher,Piers-Harris Children `s Self-concept Scale(PHCSS)were used in both groups to evaluate the effect at baseline,the end of the 7th intervention,and 6 months after the end of the intervention.Results：After intervention,the intervention group got lower scores than control group in EPQ-N [(8.2±5.8)vs.(10.2±6.1),P<0.05]in the first retest,and in CES-DC [(15.9±7.3)vs.(18.8±7.7),P<0.05]in the second retest.The group gained higher scores in anxietyand happy and satisfaction factors of PHCSS [(6.6±3.4)vs.(5.6±2.7),(6.5±1.9)vs.(5.7±1.8);Ps<0.05]. Conclusion：Group psychological service are effective to children left behind in rural areas with depression emotion and had a role in children's personality remodeling.

Carrying on Tradition,Focusing on Integration and Creating Humanistic Characteristics of Medical University Education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This article is oriented from Southern Medical University's long-term humanities caliber education practice.It summarizes successful practices and the distinctive characteristics,namely inheriting medicine humanities and army eminent tradition,Lingnan cultural integration and commitment to make the science spirit and the humanities spirit into organic combination.

Relieve the Negative Employment States of Mentality for Medical Graduates / 浙江中医药大学学报

Faced with the current intense employment competition,medical graduates have a variety of negative employment states of mentality. This article,by doing investigation,obtains the negative employment states of mentality and its main behaviors among medical graduates,analyzes the causes of this phenomenon,and then tries to find out the methods and channels to help medical graduates to relieve negative employment states of mentality. This kind of probe is helpful for medical graduates to realize full employment and smooth employment,and is helpful for medical education to keep a healthy and steady development as well.

The Influence of Mentality Intervention on Medication Effect for Primary Hypertension / 中国慢性病预防与控制

Objective To explore the relationship between mentality intervention and medication effect on primary hypertension. Method The change of blood pressure was observed and psychological characteristics was evaluated by using SCL-90 in patients before and after intervention. Result The scores of somatization,depression,anxiety and hostility factors were higher significantly in patients than that in normal controls. After intervention,of 78.3% patients in intervention group showed marked curative effect,the factors’ scores of SCL-90 also decreased to normal level. Conclusion Psychological intervention can decrease blood pressure level significantly and improve life quality of patients with primary hypertension.

Clinical Analysis on Patients Presenting with Altered Consciousness in the Emergency Room of S. N. U. H

OBJECT: To analyze clinical'data about the patients presenting with altered consciousness in the emergency room and to plan adequate evaluations and managements. BACKGROLTND. Clinical analysis of comatose patients is necessary. We have a few reports but they don't give enough clues to evaluate the patients rapidly and systematically. METHOD: We included the patients with altered consciousness on the base of the daily reports of emergency room, and reviewed the medical records of the patients. We analyzed the age, sex, visiting date, the patterns of discharge of emergency room, underlying causes, and consequences of the patients. The validity of the contents of daily reports was tested by pilot study. In pilot study, we examined all patients entering emergency room for a week, and compared contents of daily reports with the data acquired from direct examination. RESULTS: The pilot study revealed that the method of patient selection had no problem statistically. The nwnber of patients with altered consciousness entering emergency room, was 594 for one year. The causes of altered consciousness consisted of metabolic problem (35.4%), hemorrhagic stroke (21.2%), malignancy (9.26%), nonhemorrhagic stroke (8. 1%), and others. The causes of metabolic coma werehepatic encephalopathy (69.5%), glucose and electrolyte problem (12.9/o), drug intoxication (6.67%), uremic encephalopathy (6.19%) and alcohol related illness (4.76%). Metabolic coma patients showed better prognosis than others, and hemorrhagic stroke and malignancy showed poor prognosis. The ischemic stroke patients were older than others. Considering the age of the patients, the younger men had better clinical courses than elderly. Significant seasonal variation was notfound. CONCLUSION: The patients visitmg emergency room with altered consciousness had various causes. The most common cause was metabolic origin followed by hemorrhagic stroke. Under the influence of the improvement of socioeconomic status and longevity, the distributions of the underlying disease have changed. The prognosis and consequence of them relied on underlying diseases and age.

Ethical Reflection on Mental Problems of patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit(ICU) / 中国医学伦理学

Patients in ICU could be complicated by some mental problems such as fear,hopeless,anxiety and depression because of the severe disease itself,invasive diagnosis and treatments,strange surroundings and equipments in the ward.As a human with rich human nature,doctors and nurses should pay attention to those mental problems in patients in order to make them recover completely both in mentality and physiology,and they should carry out a humanistic overall health idea while treating patients.