Exploration on the Clinical Application of Ephedrae Herba in Stimulating Yang Qi / 广州中医药大学学报

Based on the literature review and the analysis of specific cases of postpartum frequent micturition,pediatric enuresis,elderly uremia complicated with bradyarrhythmia in clinic,the clinical application of the action of Ephedrae Herba in stimulating yang qi is discussed.Ephedrae Herba has the meridian tropism of the lung and bladder meridians,and is pungent,warm and dispersing,which is the most important medicine for the treatment of external contraction.Ephedrae Herba has the actions of inducing diaphoresis,calming asthma and inducing diuresis,and is widely used for the treatment of external contraction,coughing and asthma,and edema.For the patients with deficiency of both kidney yin and kidney yang without obvious bias of yin-yang consumption which result from the postpartum impairment of qi and blood,deficient innate endowment,and gradually exhaustion of essence in the kidney in the elderly or during chronic illness,a small dosage of Ephedrae Herba can stimulate yang qi during the treatment of warming kidney yang,which is helpful for promoting the drug arriving at the back shu-points of the internal organs distributed along the bladder meridian and enhancing the recovery of zang-fu organ function.Ephedrae Herba is strong in inducing diaphoresis with an intense action.When Ephedrae Herba is used to stimulate yang,the dosage of 3～9 g is appropriate,and medicines for warming yang are needs to be used together.The course of treatment with Ephedrae Herba should be avoided to be too long,in order to prevent the vital energy from the damage by its large cumulative dose.

Discussion on the Pathogenesis of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Under the System of Non-uniform Settlement During Bone Resorption and Multidimensional Composite Bowstring Working in Coordination with the Theory of Liver-Kidney and Muscle-Bone Based on the Concept of Liver and Kidney Sharing the Common Source / 广州中医药大学学报

From the perspective of the physiological basis of liver and kidney sharing the common source in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and by integrating the theory of kidney dominating bone,liver dominating tendon,and meridian sinew of TCM as well as the bone resorption and collapse theory,and non-uniform settlement theory and lower-limb musculoskeletal bowstring structure theory of modern orthopedics,the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)under the system of non-uniform settlement during bone resorption and multidimensional composite bowstring working in coordination with the theory of liver-kidney and muscle-bone was explored.The key to the TCM pathogenesis of ONFH lies in the deficiency of the liver and kidney,and then the imbalance of kidney yin-yang leads to the disruption of the dynamic balance of bone formation and bone resorption mediated by osteoblasts-osteoclasts,which manifests as the elevated level of bone metabolism and the enhancement of focal bone resorption in the femoral head,and then leads to the necrosis and collapse of the femoral head.It is considered that the kidney dominates bone,liver dominates tendon,and the tendon and bone together constitute the muscle-bone-joint dynamic and static system of the hip joint.The appearance of collapse destroys the originally balanced muscle-bone-joint system.Moreover,the failure of liver blood in the nourishment of muscles and tendons further exacerbates the imbalance of the soft tissues around the hip joint,accelerates the collapse of the muscle-bone-joint dynamic and static system,speeds up the process of femoral head collapse,and ultimately results in irreversible outcomes.Based on the above pathogenesis,the systematic integrative treatment of ONFH should be based on the TCM holistic concept,focuses on the focal improvement of internal and external blood circulation of the femoral head by various approaches,so as to rebuild the coordination of joint function.Moreover,attention should be paid to the physical constitution of the patients,and therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating the liver can be used to restore the balance between osteogenesis and osteoblastogenesis,and to reconstruct the muscle-bone-joint system,so as to effectively delay or even prevent the occurrence of ONFH.

Clinical Study on Xingnao Kaiqiao Acupuncture Combined with Acupuncture at Pericardium Meridian Points for the Treatment of Post-stroke Sleep Reversal / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Xingnao Kaiqiao Acupuncture(with the functions of awakening the brain and opening the orifices)combined with acupuncture at pericardium meridian points in the treatment of post-stroke sleep reversal(PSSR).Methods Sixty patients with PSSR were randomly divided into observation group and control group,30 patients in each group.Both groups were given conventional treatment,the control group was given oral use of Alprazolam,and the observation group was given the combination of acupuncture a at pericardial meridian points,and 10 days of treatment was one course of treatment.After 10 days of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Ascens Insomnia Scale(AIS)scores,as well as the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)scores were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.The changes in cortisol levels at 0,8,and 16 o'clock were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.Results(1)After treatment,the PSQI scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving PSQI scores,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the AIS and HAMD scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the AIS and HAMD scores,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the cortisol level of patients in the two groups at 0,8,and 16 o'clock was significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the cortisol level at 0,8,and 16 o'clock was significantly superior to the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)The total effective rate was 86.67%(26/30)in the observation group and 80.00%(24/30)in the control group.The efficacy of the observation group was slightly superior to that of the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Xingnao Kaiqiao Acupuncture combined with acupuncture at pericardium meridian points for the treatment of PSSR can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of the patients,so as to improve the quality of life of the patients,and the therapeutic efficacy is remarkable.

The clinical observation of Yangming meridian acupuncture combined with needle pushing based on the theory of"treating flaccidity through Yangming meridian"in the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome / 实用医学杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Yangming meridian acupuncture combined with acupuncture push based on the theory of"treating flaccence and taking Yangming"in the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome.Methods 52 cases of patients with conventional rehabilitation combined with Yangming meridian acupuncture combined with acupuncture based on the theory of"treating potence and taking Yangming alone"were taken as the study group and 52 cases of patients with conventional rehabilitation alone as the control group.Limb muscle strength score,clinical efficacy,limb sensory function,limb motor function,upper limb median nerve electrophysiology and daily living ability were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,muscle strength scores of proximal lower extremity,distal lower extremity,proximal upper extremity,distal upper extremity,median sensory nerve action potential(SNAP),motor conduction velocity(MCV),sensory conduction velocity(SCV)and modified Barthel index(MBI)were increased in 2 groups(P＜0.05).The study group was more obvious(P＜0.05).The total effective rate of the study group(86.54%)was higher than control group(69.23%)(P＜0.05).After treatment,the sensory function and motor function of limbs in 2 groups were better than before treatment(P＜0.05),especially in the study group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the distal motor latency(DML)of upper limb median nerve was decreased in 2 groups(P＜0.05),and more significantly in the study group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Yangming meridian acupuncture combined with acupuncture pushing based on the theory of"treating impotence and taking Yangming"is effective in the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome,which can improve the muscle strength,sensation and motor function of limbs,and regulate nerve electrophysiology.

The Pathogenesis and Treatment of Visual Fatigue Discussed from the Perspective of"Sinew Meridan-Channel-Viscera" / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]Taking the theory of"sinew meridan-channel-viscera"as the context,to explain the pathogenesis of visual fatigue from a new perspective,and to provide a new diagnosis and treatment idea for the clinical treatment of visual fatigue.[Methods]By summarizing with teachers,sorting out medical cases,reading relevant ancient books and documents,the application of the theory of"sinew meridian-channel-viscera"in the occurrence,development and treatment of visual fatigue is deeply discussed.[Results]The basic pathogenesis of visual fatigue is in the formation of nodules,so the treatment should take"adjusting the meridians and regulating viscera,dispersing and reinforcing"as the general guidelines,emphasize the overall concept in the process of treatment,pay attention to dredge the nodules,get through the meridian system,adjust the body system,according to the degree of the progress of different,using flexible adjustment of"dredge the nodules""get through the meridian system""adjust the body function"three aspects of related drugs.In the attached medical records,using the experience of the team,embodying the core principles of"adjusting the meridians and regulating viscera,dispersing and reinforcing",and it achieved good clinical curative effect.[Conclusion]Based on this theory,firmly grasping the overall concept,connecting with all parties,and using drugs flexibly provide a new idea for the treatment of visual fatigue,which is worth promoting.

ZHAO Hongli's Experience in Diagnosing and Treating Male Infertility with Six Meridians / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To summarize the academic experience of Director ZHAO Hongli in the treatment of male infertility with six meridians syndrome differentiation.[Methods]By summarizing the clinical cases of male infertility treated by Director ZHAO and combining his interpretation of the six meridians syndrome differentiation,this paper summarizes Director ZHAO's experience in treating this disease with six meridians syndrome differentiation,fully elaborates the characteristics of the disease and the diagnosis and treatment ideas,and verifies and analyzes it with a typical medical case.[Results]Director ZHAO believes that male infertility has many clinical symptoms and can be treated with six meridians syndrome differentiation.The first step in syndrome differentiation is to distinguish between deficiency and excess.Those who belong to the excess category are based on the disease of the six Fu organs and Yang meridians,which are mostly three Yang disease patterns.Those who belong to the deficiency category are based on the disease of the five Zang organs and Yin meridians,which are mostly three Yin disease patterns.Director ZHAO carefully observes the pathogenesis and also establishes cold-heat complex type of male infertility,using Banxia Xiexin Decoction to communicate Yin and Yang.In terms of drug application,attention should be paid to patients'innate physique,combining Chinese and western medicine according to the characteristics of laboratory tests,advocating food therapy at the same time as medication,and paying attention to psychological counseling.In the case presented,the patient experienced erectile dysfunction after marriage,symptoms differentiation was of Yangming Channel syndrome.Treatment involved modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction to clear the Yangming heat,combined with Simiao Powder to clear damp-heat in lower-Jiao.After more than three months of comprehensive treatment based on the evolving symptoms,the patient's wife was successfully conceived.[Conclusion]Director ZHAO deeply verses in the classics,applies the six meridians syndrome differentiation to the treatment of male infertility innovatively,emphasizing individualized treatment based on syndrome differentiation,receiving remarkable efficacy,which offers a new perspective for both the clinical application of classical prescriptions and the treatment of male infertility.

Characteristic Analysis of Imprinting Template of Flavonoid Clusters in Four Chinese Medicines to Lung Meridian and Establishment of Experimental Approach of Meridian Tropism in Vitro / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the characteristics of imprinting template of flavonoid clusters in four Chinese medicines attributed to the lung meridian， and to establish an in vitro experimental approach for the study of the attribution of Chinese medicines to the lung meridian. MethodBased on 13 Chinese medicines， including Xanthii Fructus， Houttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and so on， which only belong to the lung meridian in Chinese Materia Medica（the 13th Five-Year planning textbook of general higher education）， we identified four representative Chinese medicines， namely Houttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and Mori Cortex， and set up their fingerprints by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and calculated the molecular connectivity indices of various components in the four Chinese medicines， the similarity to their mean value was calculated by included angle cosine method， so as to establish the quantitative relationship of construction versus imprinting ability， and to determine the order of each component in the lung meridian. A total of 7 reference substances， including chlorogenic acid， rutin， quercetin， isoquercitrin， hyperoside， epicatechin， and iridin， were selected to validate the overall conformational relationships of flavonoids of the model， as well as its predictive ability. ResultHouttuyniae Herba， Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma， Belamcandae Rhizoma and Mori Cortex contained a total of 437 chemical components with an average molecular connectivity index similarity of 0.995 6. The four Chinese medicines contained a total of 204 flavonoids with an average molecular connectivity index similarity of 0.978 0， which was second only to the alkaloids with 0.985 1. The retention time（tR） of the 7 reference substances showed a good conformational relationship with the similarity of the molecular connectivity index（tR=831.4×S-790.3， r=0.861 4， P<0.01）， which was applicable to the in vitro attribution study of the position， similarity， and relative similarity with tR of the cluster of 98.04% of flavonoids. Accordingly， the 1st position was kuwanon D， with a similarity of molecular connectivity index of 0.987 7 and a tR of 30.88 min， the 200th position was chlorogenic acid， with a similarity of molecular connectivity index of 0.958 2 and a tR of 6.36 min. The total first-order moment of the four Chinese medicines calculated by total statistical moment method of fingerprint was 24.26 min， ranked 21， which could characterize 99.19% of the whole， and the total first-order moment of the total peak area of the 7 reference substances in the four Chinese medicines was 20.00 min， with a rank of 46， which could characterize 98.68% of the whole. ConclusionFlavonoid clusters are suitable probes for the characterization of imprinting template for the study of the lung meridian， which can be established a quantitative imprinting method for meridian tropism of Chinese medicines in vitro.

Osteoprotective Effect and Mechanisms of Taxillus chinensis from Different Hosts on Ovariectomized Osteoporotic Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of Taxillus chinensis from different hosts with different meridian affinity on bone microstructure and bone metabolism in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats， and investigate its mechanism of action. MethodEighty-eight specific-pathogen-free （SPF）-grade female Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups： sham-operated group， model group， low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from Morus alba （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg-1）， low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from Cinnamomum cassia （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg-1）， and low-， medium- and high-dose groups of T. chinensis from C. burmannii （2.5， 5， and 10 g·kg-1）. After 12 weeks of drug intervention， the rats were examined for proximal femur bone density and bone microstructure using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） and micro-computed tomography （Micro-CT）. Histopathological changes in rat femur were observed by the hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE）. Contents of serum estradiol （E2）， bone Gla protein （BGP）， bone alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b （TRACP-5b） and pre-collagen type Ⅰ amino-terminal protopeptide （PINP） were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was employed to detect the messenger ribonucleic acid （mRNA） expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP-2）， Smad1， Smad9 and recombinant runt-related transcription factor 2 （Runx2） in rat humerus. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9 and Runx2 in rat humerus. ResultCompared with that in the sham-operated group， the femur microstructure of rats in the model group was significantly disrupted， with significant decreases in bone mineral density （BMD） value， bone volume fraction （BV/TV）， trabecular number （Tb.N）， and trabecular thickness （Tb.Th） （P<0.01）， and significant increases in trabecular separation （Tb.Sp） and structure model index （SMI） （P<0.01）. The serum levels of BGP， BALP， TRACP-5b and PINP were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and E2 levels were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA expressions of BMP-2， Smad1， Smad9， and Runx2 were significantly decreased in rat humerus （P<0.01）， and the protein expressions of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9， and Runx2 were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the administration groups of T. chinensis from different hosts all elevated the BMD， BV/TV， Tb.N， Tb.Th， Tb.Sp， and SMI levels in the femur， improved bone microstructure， increased serum E2 levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lowered the levels of serum BGP， BALP， TRACP-5b， and PINP， upregulated the mRNA expression of BMP-2， Smad1， and Runx2 and upregulated the mRNA expression levels of Smad9 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and upregulated the protein expressions levels of BMP-2， p-Smad1/5/9， and Runx2 （P<0.01）. The best effect was observed in the group of T. chinensis from C. cassia. ConclusionT. chinensis from different hosts improved osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats， with the group of T. chinensis from C. cassia being the most potent among the administered groups， and its treatment of osteoporosis may regulate the balance of bone conversion by regulating BMP/Smad signaling pathway.

Meridian Tropism and Compatibility of Chinese Medicine from Theory of Brain Sweat Pore / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Since LIU Hejian proposed the concept of sweat pore， the theory of sweat pore has experienced accelerated development. Especially with the advances in modern human anatomy and physiology， the microscopic anatomy of sweat pore begins to focus on the intercellular space， ion channels and other membranous space with channels， pores， doors， etc.， which exert the functions of exchanging fluid， information， and energy inside and outside blood vessels and discharging metabolic wastes so as to maintain the normal operation of organs. Therefore， sweat pore is the structural basis for the movement of Qi and the central link of Qi-fluid exchange in the body. The brain， as the house of original spirit， is in charge of the spirit of five Zang-organs. The brain sweat pore is pivotal for the circulation of Qi， blood， and fluid in the brain， and it is the structural basis for the normal physiological functions of the brain. The dysfunction of the brain sweat pore will cause the stagnation of Qi and the abnormal transport of blood and fluid. It will cause the abnormal exchange of Qi， liquid and other material and information， which fail to nourish the original spirt and cause the loss of vital activity， eventually leading to consciousness and emotion disorders. The treatment should focus on opening the brain sweat pore， smoothing the exchange of Qi and fluid inside and outside the pore， and restoring the Qi movement， so as to cure encephalopathy. At present， western medicine treatment of encephalopathy needs to solve the problem of drug efflux from the blood-brain barrier and improve the effective concentration of drugs into the brain. The structure and function of brain sweat pore is similar to those of the blood-brain barrier. The aromatic resuscitative medicines and wind-extinguishing medicines can open the brain sweat pore. When being combined with other medicines， they can lead the medicine to enter the brain to restore the Qi movement of the brain sweat pore and enhance the therapeutic effect. Liver-pacifying wind-extinguishing medicines， insect medicines， tonifying medicines， heat-clearing toxin-removing medicines， and damp-draining medicines can treat pathological factors such as wind， phlegm， stasis， deficiency， toxin， and dampness， respectively. These medicines， combined with the medicines with the tropism to brain meridians， can open the brain sweat pore and guide the medicine into the brain to enhance the effective concentration of the medicine， thereby enhancing the efficacy against encephalopathy.

From the body-mind holism to psychosomatic medicine: theory and practice of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

The traditional life concept of "body-mind holism" in Chinese medicine has drawn a special attention with the development of modern psychosomatic medicine. The "body-mind holism" is valuable in the guidance for clinical acupuncture practice, but, it is only remained on the theoretical significance by the medical masters in the past dynasties. In the paper, based on the understanding of Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic), the similarities and differences are compared between the body-mind theory and psychosomatic medicine. In association with clinical observation, from three aspects, i.e. body-mind pathogenesis, acupoint detection and observing the mind, and body-mind treatment, the guidance of "body-mind holism" is explored for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion; the referents of "body" and "mind" are clarified in views of disease, diagnosis and treatment; and the treatment strategies of acupuncture and moxibustion are discussed in the perspective of "body-mind holism".

Effect of meridian sinew releasing technique on moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of meridian sinew releasing technique on moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with KOA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases each group. In the observation group, on the basis of the meridian sinew releasing technique, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. In the control group, moxibustion sensation exploration method was applied at Dubi (ST 35) area on the affected side. The meridian sinew releasing technique was performed for 20 min each time, the moxibustion sensation exploration method was performed for 60 min each time, once a day for 3 days. The excitation rate, latency, duration time and intensity value of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion were recorded on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The excitation rate on the 3rd day of exploration and total excitation rate in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). On the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of exploration, the latency of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05), the duration time was longer than the control group (P<0.05), and the intensity value was higher than the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Meridian sinew releasing technique could improve the excitation rate of moxibustion sensation of heat-sensitive moxibustion in patients with KOA, shorten the latency, prolong the duration time, and improve the intensity value.

Application of meridian and acupoint diagnosis of three yin meridians of foot in the treatment for gynecological diseases with acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

With three representative types of gynecological diseases (dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, polycystic ovary syndrome) as examples, the application methods of meridian and acupoint diagnosis for gynecological diseases treated with acupuncture and moxibustion are discussed. During clinical diagnosis and treatment, it is recommended to examine the patient's leg segment along the three yin meridians of foot, aiming to explore the positive reactions of the meridians and acupoints (color, shape, skin temperature, sensory abnormalities, etc.). Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment at this positive reaction place can improve the clinical efficacy. Meridian and acupoint diagnosis could provide basis for meridian syndrome differentiation, thus guiding the selection of acupoint prescriptions; it is also helpful to clarify the deficiency, excess, cold and heat of the disease nature, thus guiding the selection of acupuncture and moxibustion methods. In addition, it is an auxiliary method to estimate the prognosis and outcome of the disease.

The fenrou zhijian theory in The Inner Canon of Huangdi and the stratified treatment of painful bi syndrome of meridian tendons / 中国针灸

The fenrou zhijian is defined as potential gap between different layers in the three-dimensional network structure formed by the twelve meridian tendons. Various pathological changes of the meridian tendons lead to the adhesion and closure of fenrou zhijian, causing abnormal mechanical conduction of the meridian tendon system, which in turn leads to painful bi syndrome of meridian tendons. As such, restarting the fenrou zhijian is the key to acupuncture treatment for painful bi syndrome of meridian tendons. Under the guidance of musculoskeletal ultrasound, the level and the angle of needle insertion of acupuncture at fenrou zhijian could be accurately controlled, the efficacy of acupuncture is improved.

Empirical analysis on lumbar disc herniation treated with "sinew-bone three needling technique" of Chinese medicine / 中国针灸

The paper presents professor WU Han-qing's experience in treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with "sinew-bone three needling technique" of Chinese medicine. Based on the theory of meridian sinew, the points are located by "three-pass method" in terms of the distribution of meridian sinew and syndrome/pattern differentiation. The cord-like muscles and adhesion are relieved by relaxing technique to work directly on the affected sites and alleviate the local compression to the nerve root. The needle technique is operated flexibly according to the affected regions involved, due to which, the needling sensation is increased while the safety ensured. As a result, the meridian qi is enhanced, the mind and qi circulation is regulated; and the clinical effect is improved.

Pathogenesis and staging treatment for non-specific low back pain based on the meridian sinew theory / 中国针灸

Based on the physiological and pathological characteristics of meridian sinew theory, the staging treatment of non-specific low back pain (NLBP) is explored to provide the reference of clinical practice. The twelve meridian sinews of the human body communicate with the bones and joints of the whole body, which governs the movement, body protection and defense, and meridian regulation. Physiologically, the meridian sinew maintains the functions of the lumbar region. In pathology, the meridian sinew may encounter stasis and pain, contraction and spasm or "transverse collateral" formation. According to the pathological staging of meridian sinew disorders, the progress of NLBP is divided into 3 phases and the corresponding treatments are provided. Mild stimulation and rapid analgesia is suggested to promote tissue repair at the early phase; muscle spasm is relieved to adjust muscular status at the middle phase; and the "cord-like" muscle foci is removed at the later phase of the disease.

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of four alkaloids in Ermiao Pills and Sanmiao Pills in normal and arthritic model rats / 中国中药杂志

This work aimed to investigate the differences of pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of four alkaloids in Ermiao Pills and Sanmiao Pills in normal and arthritic model rats. The rat model of arthritis was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) in the positive ion multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode was used for the determination of four alkaloids in plasma and tissues of normal and arthritic rats after administration of Ermiao Pills and Sanmiao Pills, respectively. The differences in pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of the four active components were compared, and the effect of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix on the major components of Sanmiao Pills was explored. This study established an UPLC-MS/MS for simultaneous determination of four alkaloids, and the specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and stability of this method all met the requirements. Pharmacokinetics study found that as compared with normal rats, the AUC and C_(max) of phellodendrine, magnoflorine, berberine and palmatine in model rats were significantly decreased after administration of Ermiao Pills, the clearance rate CL/F was significantly increased, and the distribution and tissue/plasma concentration ratio of the four alkaloids in the liver, kidney, and joint were significantly reduced. Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix increased the AUC of phellodendrine, berberine, and palmatine, reduced the clearance rate, and significantly increased the distribution of the four alkaloids in the liver, kidney, and joints in arthritic rats. However, it had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of the four alkaloids in normal rats. These results suggest that Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix may play a guiding role in meridian through increasing the tissue distribution of effective components in Sanmiao Pills under arthritis states.

Review and reflection on the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine meridian theory / 国际中医中药杂志

The meridian theory is the pioneer of clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). From Shang Han Lun to Pi Wei Lun, the meridian theory has contributed important theoretical organization materials and clinical practice experience to the establishment of the diagnosis system of external and internal injuries. The acupoints contained in its clinical acupuncture and moxibustion record symptoms, and some laws summarized have been absorbed and used for reference. It shows the positive significance of its exploration in clinical diagnosis and treatment. A system of differentiation and treatment of external and internal injuries with acupuncture has not been formed, even though the meridian theory of TCM has a long history with many areas being explored, such as diseases, acupoints, acupuncture methods and stimulation amount. Therefore, this paper starts from the academic development history of meridians, reviews and analyzes the contribution and limitations of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion in the diagnosis and treatment of internal injury, in order to enlighten the current study and understanding of TCM.

Research progress in the influence of needling different acupoints on heart rate variability and the mechanism of autonomic nerve regulation / 国际中医中药杂志

By summarizing and analyzing the research status of the influence of needling different acupoints on heart rate variability (HRV) and autonomic nervous function, it is found that Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenmen (HT 7) are common acupoints for HRV analysis involving Tongli (HT 5), Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Zhongwan (RN 12), Danzhong (RN 17), Xinshu (BL 15), Shenshu (BL 23) and other acupoints. Different acupoints have different influences on HRV but followed by some rules, which are possibly related to the efficacy of acupoints, meridian tropism and acupoint distributions. Needling on the same acupoint also has different influences on HRV, which is possibly affected by sample size, intervention object, data processing method and other factors, so more standardized measurement process is required in further studies.

Study on the Distribution Law of Six Meridian Syndrome Differentiation in Autoimmune Thyroiditis / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective To explore the distribution of six meridians in patients with Autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to record the clinical information of 150 patients with AIT,and fill them into the"AIT Six Meridian Symptoms Collection Table"for treatment of six meridian syndrome differentiation.SPSS26.0 software was used for statistical analysis to obtain the distribution law of six meridian syndrome differentiation of AIT.Results ①a total of 10 types of six meridians were obtained,including 6 types of single meridians and 4 types of second meridians,mainly shaoyang meridians,taiyin meridians and yangming meridians,accounting for 57.3%,10.0%and 7.3%.②There was statistical significance in the distribution of different thyroid function types and six meridian diseases in AIT(P<0.01).Yangming meridian was the main factor in AIT hyperthyroidism(50%),Shaoyang meridian was the main factor in AIT normal phase(83.5%),and Taiyin meridian was the main factor in AIT hypothyroidism(30.3%).③There was no significant difference in gender,age and the distribution of six meridian diseases in AIT patients(P>0.05).④There was significant difference in the distribution of disease duration and six meridian diseases in AIT patients(P<0.01).The disease duration of 3-6 years was mainly Taiyin meridian(30.3%).28.6%of patients with disease duration of 6-10 years were mainly with Taiyin meridian.Conclusions The distribution characteristics of the six channels of AIT are affected by the type of thyroid function,course of disease and many other factors.For the patients with hyperthyroidism of AIT,the treatment can be treated from Yangming meridian,the normal stage of AIT can be treated from Shaoyang meridian,and the hypothyroidism of AIT can be treated from Taiyin meridian,highlighting the necessity of syndrome differentiation and treatment of AIT six channels and providing objective theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Identification of Quantized Characterization of Liver Meridian Based on Raman Spectrum of Chinese Medicinal Materials / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective Based on the comparison and analysis of Raman spectra of liver meridian(including other meridian)and non-liver meridian(other meridian excluding liver meridian)traditional Chinese medicine,the accurate quantitative characterization data of liver meridian was obtained,and the liver meridian identification model was established and analyzed.Methods Taking 120 non-liver meridian(other meridian excluding liver meridian)traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)as blank control and 120 liver-meridian(including other meridian)TCMs as experimental medicines,Raman spectra of 240 TCMs were obtained after sample pretreatment and Raman spectroscopy detection,and then quantified in units of 1 cm-1.Then combined with Random Forest(Random Forest,RF),Artificial Neural Network(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)and other algorithms,we constructed the identification models of quantized characterization of liver meridian.Results Compared with non-liver meridian(other meridian excluding liver meridian)TCMs,the Raman spectra of the liver meridian TCM were generally lower in the whole detection range,especially in the range of 200-1100 cm-1.The quantized Raman spectrogram data combined with ANN presented the best discrimination results with accuracy,precision>0.871,the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn and the area under ROC curve(AUC)was obtained,with AUC>0.921.Conclusion The Raman spectrogram of TCMs has significant correlation with liver meridian,which can be used as a whole quantized characterization of liver meridian.Combined with ANN,Raman spectrogram can carry out identification analysis efficiently and accurately,which is conducive to solving the bottleneck problem of lacking accurate data on medicinal properties and enriching the scientific connotation of attributing meridians.