The prevalence of persistent metopic sutures comparing the Nepalese bone collection with Korean bone collection / Prevalencia de suturas metópicas persistentes que comparan una colección de huesos nepaleses con una colección de huesos coreanos

SUMMARY: Metopic suture can be visualized from the nasion to the bregma along the arch of the frontal bone in mid-sagittal plane. Persistent metopic suture normally closing between 1st and 2nd year of life has also been related with ethnicity. The present study reports the presence of complete and incomplete metopic sutures in Nepalese and Korean population skulls which helps to shed light on its incidence rate. Out of 121 adult skulls in Nepalese population, metopic suture was found to be present in 33 skulls. Incomplete metopic sutures showed variations of morphology, like linear (6.61 %), V-shaped (8.26 %) and double incomplete (10.74 %) and two cases with complete metopic suture, which showed variation in interdigitation between its anterior and posterior ends. Korean population showed metopic suture to be present in 8 skulls out of 104 with metopism in 3 skulls. Incomplete metopic sutures like double incomplete (1.92 %) and linear (2.88 %) were also noted. Alterations to local strains could be the contributing factor for such variation and complexity of interdigitation, which occur during the growth of the braincase. The knowledge of the metopic suture and its variations according to ethnicity is important and should be considered to prevent wrong diagnosis. The presence of different types of metopic sutures as reported by the present study provides informative value on the presence and variation of such sutures in population depending on ethnicity and ought to be helpful in diagnostic sequences in emergency setting.

RESUMEN: La sutura metópica se puede visualizar desde nasión hasta el bregma a lo largo del arco del hueso frontal en el plano mediano sagital. La sutura metópica persistente que normalmente se cierra entre el primer y segundo año de vida, también se ha relacionado con el origen étnico. El presente estudio informa la presencia de suturas metópicas completas e incompletas en los cráneos de la población nepalesa y coreana, lo que además de entregar información sobre su tasa de incidencia. De 121 cráneos adultos en la población nepalesa, en 33 de ellos se encontró la sutura metópica. Las suturas metópicas incompletas mostraron variaciones de la morfología, como lineal (6,61 %), en forma de V (8,26 %) y doble incompleta (10,74 %), además de dos casos con sutura metópica completa, que mostraron variación en la interdigitación entre sus extremos anterior y posterior. De los 104 cráneos de la población coreana en 8 se presentó la sutura metópica y en 3 metopismo. También se observaron suturas metópicas incompletas como doble incompleta (1,92 %) y lineal (2,88 %). Las alteraciones en las etnias locales podrían ser el factor contribuyente para tal variación y complejidad de la interdigitación, que ocurre durante el crecimiento de la cráneo. El conocimiento de la sutura metópica y sus variaciones según el origen étnico es importante y debe considerarse para prevenir un diagnóstico incorrecto. La presencia de diferentes tipos de suturas metópicas según lo informado en el estudio, proporciona un valor informativo sobre la presencia y la variación de tales suturas en la población, dependiendo de la etnia, y debería ser útil en las secuencias de diagnóstico en situaciones de emergencia.

Study Of Metopic Suture

Background: Cranial sutures and their evolution is interesting in the field of cranial growing and shaping. It is adentate suture extending from nasion to bregma. Metopic suture normally closes at 1 – 3 yrs, but is allowed upto 8 yrs. Incidence varies in different races from 1% - 12% .Aim: The present study was done to know the incidence of Metopic suture in south Indian skulls.Materials and Methods: 100 skulls from the Anatomy Dept museum at Shridevi Institute of Medical SciencesTumkur were collected for the present study. The skulls with persistent metopic suture were thoroughly observed.Results: Metopic suture was present in 38%. Complete suture was seen in 3% and incomplete in 35%.Among the3 complete sutures one was linear and continue with sagittal suture measuring 12.3 cm and 2 were H shapedmeasuring 11.0 cm and 12.1 cm. Incomplete sutures were classified depending on the shape U, V, Y and linear.Linear suture was seen in 26 skulls, U shape in 4 skulls, V shape 4 skulls, Y shape 1 skull.Conclusion: The presence of metopic suture is important from a clinical point of view. It must be included indifferential diagnosis of suspected skull fracture particularly frontal bone. It is not a pathological entity butmost certainly should be noted as an incidental finding on an X ray. The suture is best identified in A -P view ofskull

Study of metopic suture in south Indian skulls.

Background: The cranial sutures and their development is the most interesting in the field of cranial growing and shaping. Metopism is partially or totally persisting suture extending from the nasion to the anterior angle of the bregma of frontal bone. Methods: Total 100 human adult dry skulls were collected from south India for present study to find out the incidence of metopic suture. Results: Out of 100 skulls, found one complete and one incomplete metopic suture. Conclusions: Present study may be useful for diagnostic and surgical intervention, particularly during frontal craniotomy.

Incidence of metopism in adult Thai skulls / Incidencia de metopismo en cráneos tailandeses adultos

The persistent metopic suture on adult skull (also known as metopism) can confuse the clinicians during diagnosis of the frontal bone fractures in emergency conditions. The incidences of metopism have been documented in many populations except in Thais. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the incidence of metopism in adult Thai skulls. The identified 706 Thai dried skulls (481 males and 225 females) were carried out for metopic suture observations. The results showed that 53 skulls (7.51%) were present of the metopic sutures. The metopism observed could be classified into major two types (complete metopic suture (20 skulls [2.83%]) and incomplete metopic suture (33 skulls [4.67%]). For the incomplete metopic suture could be further classified into two subtypes, bregma-incomplete metopic suture and nasion- incomplete metopic suture. This incidence maybe a basic information for Thai radiologists to concern about metopic suture in emergency diagnosis of frontal bone fractures.

La persistencia de la sutura metópica en el cráneo adulto (también conocido como metopismo) puede provocar confusión en los médicos durante el diagnóstico de las fracturas de los huesos frontales en situaciones de emergencia. La incidencia de metopismo se ha documentado en muchas poblaciones, excepto en individuos tailandeses. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia de metopismo en cráneos tailandeses adultos. Se identificaron 706 cráneos secos (481 hombres y 225 mujeres) y se llevó a cabo la observación de ls sutura metópica. Los resultados mostraron que en 53 cráneos (7,51%) estaba presente la sutura metópica. Según nuestras observaciones, el metopismo podría ser clasificado en dos tipos principales: sutura metópica completa (20 cráneos [2,83%]) y sutura metópica incompleta (33 cráneos 4,67%). A su vez, la sutura metópica incompleta podría ser clasificada en dos subtipos: sutura metópica incompleta "bregma" y sutura metópica incompleta "nasion". Consideramos que la indicedencia de metopismo registrado en este trabajo configura una información de relevancia para los radiólogos tailandeses en relación a la sutura metópica y el correcto diagnóstico en la emergencia de fracturas óseas frontales.

A study of metopic suture in adult north Indian skulls.

Background:- Studies of non metric cranial variants have been a field of considerable interest to research workers especially because of their racial and regional importance. Material and Methods:- Total of 40 north Indian skulls of U.P. were studied for the incidence of metopism, a cranial variant in the present study. Results:- Metopism was found in 2(5%) of total of human skulls. Conclusion:-The presence of Metopic suture found to be of considerable regional and racial significance and it simulates fracture of frontal bone, therefore its presence should be properly ruled out in X-rays.

Metopism in Adult Skulls from Southern Brazil / Metopismo en Cráneos del Sur de Brasil

The metopic suture is found between the frontal bone tubers, there being divergences concerning the precise time of its closure, varying from the first to tenth year of life, and it can persist until adult age (metopism). A study was conducted in 71 dry skulls of adult Brazilian subjects of both sexes (43 males and 28 females), with ages ranging from twenty five to eighty years from the bone collection of the Laboratory of Human Anatomy of the Paranaense University ­ UNIPAR, Brazil. It was observed the occurrence of metopism in 7.04% (05/71) of the studied skulls, of which 80% (4/5) were female and only 20% (1/5) male. The incomplete metopic suture was found in 32.39% (23/71), with higher frequency in female skulls, 60.86% (14/23), when compared to the male ones, that reached 31.13% (9/23). Sutures showed variations of morphology, the linear type being the most frequent, with 69.56% (16/23). Different incidences of metopic suture were found in the different antrophometric types of skulls. Incomplete metopic sutures were predominant in the brachycranics, while complete metopic sutures had the same incidence in mesocranics, 40% (2/5) and dolichocranics, 40% (2/5).

La sutura metópica se encuentra entre las tuberosidades del hueso frontal, existiendo variaciones en relación a la fecha exacta de su cierre, ocurriendo entre el primero y el décimo año de vida, pudiendo persistir hasta la vida adulta (metopismo). Se realizó un estudio en 71 cráneos secos, de individuos adultos, brasileños, de ambos sexos (43 masculinos y 28 femeninos), con edades variando entre 25-80 años de edad, pertenecientes a los osarios del Laboratorio de Anatomía Humana de la Universidad Paranaense - UNIPAR, Brasil. La presencia de metopismo fue observada en el 7,04% (05/71) de los cráneos estudiados, siendo 80% (4/5) femeninos y sólo 20% (1/5) masculinos. La sutura metópica incompleta fue encontrada en el 32,39% de los casos (23/71), siendo más frecuente en el sexo femenino, 60,86% (14/23) que en el sexo masculino 39,13% de los casos (9/23). Las suturas metópicas presentaron variaciones en su morfología, siendo la forma más frecuente la del tipo linear, 69,56% (16/23). Fueron observadas distintas suturas metópicas en los diversos tipos antropométricos de cráneo. Las suturas incompletas predominaron en los braquicráneos y las suturas metópicas completas tuvieron la misma incidencia en los mesocráneos de 40% (2/5) y dolicocráneosde 40% (2/5).