RESUMO
Background: Bony orbit which lodges visual apparatus is a very important area for anthropologists, anatomist, forensic experts, as well as surgeons. Orbital diameters vary according to race, age, sex, food habits, climate, etc. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to provide data regarding different orbital parameters in West Bengal population and also establish gender variation. Materials and Methods: This study involved 100 dry skulls (70 males and 30 females) from the Department of Anatomy, Burdwan Medical College, West Bengal. Orbital height (OH) and orbital breadth (OB) have been taken of both the right and left orbit in male and female skulls. Orbital index (OI) was calculated by OH/OB*100. All these measurements were taken by Vernier caliper. Results: Mean Orbital height in male 32.46 mm. (right), 31.86 mm.(left), in female 29.13 mm. (right), 32.57 mm. (left). Mean Orbital breadth in male 39.14 mm. (right), 38.77 mm. (left), in female 38.33 mm. (right.), 38.67 mm.(left). Orbital index in male was 82.93 mm.(right), 82.17 mm.(left), in female 76 mm.(right), 84.23 mm.(left). While comparing the right- and left-sided orbit in same skull, the OH is measured as 30.83 and 31.43 in the right and left side, respectively, OB 38.81 (rt.) and 38.75 (lt.) and OI remains 80.87 (rt.) and 81.05 (lt.) which categorizes the skulls to be microseme type. Conclusion: Our study shows that the left orbit and male orbit have higher values in comparison to the right orbit and female orbit. This study also states that the West Bengal population falls under microseme category of skull classification. It is suggested to do further studies in different districts of West Bengal to get unbiased solid database.
RESUMO
Background: The anatomical boundaries of the orbit are defined and the contribution of various bones in makingup the orbital margins is determined .Associated with this, orbital dimensions like length, breadth and theorbital index are determined along with the associated dimorphic and bilateral variations. The findings of theseterritorial specimens are analyzed and compared with similar findings from other vernacular territories. Thebilateral craniofacial structures are studied and they are dimensionally classified and characterized.Comprehensive documentation thus promulgated functions to prove vital in the conquest of dexterity in the fieldof surgery and forensic anthropometry alike. The evaluated parameters also serve as an empirical guide indiscerning tenuous sites that are susceptible to impaction and in defining the safe limits of orbital explorationResults: The study has returned an average value of 81.47 as the orbital index of the scrutinized dry skullspecimens thus placing them under the category of microseme. The average values of orbital length and breadthwere found to be 31.26mm and 38.37mm respectively. The superior margin formed exclusively by the frontalbone measured 32.7mm on average with the supraorbital notch/foramen being displaced 5.92mm from themedial limit of the superior margin. For 25.88mm, which was the average length of medial margin, maxilla stoodthe dominant contributor (13.81mm) with the frontal bone chipping in to contribute to the rest. The inferiormargin paints a contrary picture of maxilla being the secondary contributor (16.13mm) whilst here it is thezygoma which makes a greater contribution (17.29mm).Conclusion: This study hereby establishes Microseme to be the predominant orbital index of the scrutinized skullspecimens in addition to quantifying the contributions of various bones towards making up the margins.Comparative analysis with confluent such studies from other provinces of the Indian subcontinent has confirmedthe latitude variation associated with orbital index. The results thus established will be unerringly essential inthe field of surgery and forensic anthropometry