RESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia, características clínicas, epidemiológicas y terapéuticas de las cefaleas primarias en una población adulta rural de Cajamarca, 2010. El estudio: estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en población rural adulta entre 18 y 60 años del distrito de la Encañada (Cajamarca-Perú). Empleándose criterios establecidos por la International Headache Society. La muestra obtenida fue 409, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple. Hallazgos: 72,37% refirieron cefaleas en el último año, prevalencia de cefaleas primarias (44,51%), secundaria (14,18%), no clasificadas (13,7%). La cefalea de carácter opresivo (62,2%), pulsátil (24,7%), siendo las localizaciones holocraneal (51,0%) y hemicránea (24,3%) y 84,1 % de inicio insidioso. Lo factores precipitantes encontrados estrés (69,0%), falta de sueño (26,0%), ingestión de alcohol (20,9%) y los factores hormonales (11,8 %). El dolor moderado predominó (47%) y 54,1 % refirió interferencia del dolor en sus actividades diarias. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de cefaleas primarias es elevada.(AU)
Objetive: To determine the prevalence and the clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of primary headache in rural population from Cajamarca, 2010. The study: descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out in a rural population between 18 and 60 years from the Encañada district (Cajamarca, Peru). Criteria established by the International Headache Society were applied. The obtained sample was 409, selected by simple random sampling. Findings: 72.37% referred headaches in the last year, the prevalence of primary headaches was 44.51%, of secondary headaches was 14.18% and of unclassified headaches was 13.7%. Oppressive (62.2%), pulsatile (24.7%) holocraneal (51.0%) and hemicraneal (24.3%) located, and 84.1% of insidious beginning. Hastening factors found were stress (69.0%), lack of sleep (26.9%), alcohol intake (47.0%) and hormonal factors (11.8%). Moderated pain predominated, and 54.1% referred the pain interfered with their daily activities. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of primary headaches.(AU)
RESUMO
Introdução: a migrânea é tipo de cefaleia presente em 15 a 25% da população, sendo descritos vários fatores a ela associados e seu mecanismo primário ainda não foi elucidado.O diagnóstico correto é realizado a partir da aplicação de critérios determinados pela Sociedade Internacional de Cefaleias (SIC). Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de migrânea entre adultos jovens, mediante inquérito sobre cefaleia e fatores associados, entre estudantes de Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena em Minas Gerais, e estratificação de todos os portadores de cefaleia pelos critérios diagnósticos da SIC. Método: foi aplicado em 420 estudantes um questionário-padrão cujos dados obtidos foram analisados de acordo com os critérios da SIC. Resultados: 90,2% dos entrevistados declararam cefaleia; destes, 8,5% foram classificados como portadores de migrânea. Entre os migranosos, a razão homem/mulher foi de 1:4, 60,6% caracterizaram a dor como latejante/pulsátil e 100% afirmaram duração entre quatro e 72 horas, crises uma ou mais vezes por mês e de intensidade moderada ou forte. Conclusão: a cefaleia foi encontrada em 90,2% dos estudantes, enquanto a migrânea teve prevalência de 8,5%. Os valores encontrados são semelhantes aos dados de trabalhos anteriormente publicados. O presente estudo também mostra que o conhecimento e a aplicação dos critérios diagnósticos da classificação internacional das cefaleias se fazem imprescindíveis para o correto diagnóstico e consequente terapêutica adequada da migrânea.
Introduction: migraine is a kind of headache in 15% to 25% of the Brazilian population. Several factors are associated to migraine, but its primary mechanism has not been elucidated yet. The correct diagnosis is achieved by applying the criteria established by the International Headache Society (IHS). Objective: to identify the prevalence of migraine among young adults through investigation of headache and associated factors among students of the Faculty of Medicine of Barbacena in Minas Gerais, and also stratification of all patients with headache according to criteria of SIC. Material and Methods: a standard questionnaire was applied to 420 students whose data were analyzed according to the criteria of SIC. Results: From the total, 90.2% of the interviewee declared headaches; and from these, 8.5% were classified as migraineurs. Among those with migraine, the female / male ratio was 1:4. A total of 60.6% characterized the pain as throbbing/pulsatile and 100% reported that the pain lasts four and 72 hours, and presented one or more episodes per month of moderate or strong intensity. Conclusion: headache was found in90.2% of the students, while the prevalence of migraine was found in 8.5%. These results are similar to those data previously published. The present study also shows that the knowledge and application of diagnostic criteria of international classification of headache is essential to establish the correct diagnosis and consequently appropriate treatment of migraine.