Short-term efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis of all ages / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis of all ages.Methods:The data of 230 patients with allergic rhinitis of all ages who received sublingual immunotherapy in The Third People's Hospital of Bengbu from November 2020 to September 2021 were included in this study. Patient distribution characteristics were analyzed. Ninety-three patients were randomly selected and divided into child, adolescent, and adult groups according to different ages. Total nasal symptom scores measured before and 4 months after sublingual immunotherapy were compared among patients of different ages to evaluate the short-term efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy. The skin prick test was used to determine the allergic state of patients. Change in total nasal symptom score after treatment relative to that before treatment was used to evaluate the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy.Results:The age range of patients receiving sublingual immunotherapy was large (3-71 years), but the average age was only 17.70 years. Ninety-three patients were followed up, including 50 children and 43 adolescents or adults. After 4 months of sublingual immunotherapy, total nasal symptom score in children and adolescents or adults were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment [(3.66 ± 1.69) points vs. (6.60 ± 1.96) points, (3.49 ± 1.72) points vs. (6.28 ± 2.28) points, both P < 0.001]. Before and after treatment, there was no significant difference in total nasal symptom score between children and adolescents or adults (both P > 0.05). Conclusion:Patients with allergic rhinitis who receive sublingual immunotherapy tend to be young. Short-term sublingual immunotherapy is effective for allergic rhinitis. There is no remarkable difference in the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy between patients with allergic rhinitis of all ages.

Caracterización clínica de pacientes con blefaritis y demodecosis / Clinical characterization of patient with blefaritis and demodecosis

RESUMEN Fundamento: la blefaritis es una enfermedad común en la práctica oftalmológica, de curso crónico con crisis de exacerbación y causa multifactorial, a menudo se le asocia a Demodex spp., ácaro del folículo piloso, parásito extendido y frecuente; su infestación en humano se conoce como demodecosis. Objetivo: caracterizar desde el punto de vista clínico a pacientes con blefaritis y demodecosis. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, en el Hospital Militar Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Dr. Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja de la provincia Camagüey desde septiembre de 2017 a noviembre de 2018. La población objeto de estudio quedó conformada por 84 pacientes con diagnóstico de blefaritis en quienes se confirmó presencia de Demodex spp. que cumplieron criterios definidos por el autor. Se estudiaron variables biológicas (edad y sexo), clínica (síntomas y signos). Los resultados se expusieron en tablas, se utilizó estadística descriptiva para distribuciones de frecuencias. Se respetaron aspectos éticos para investigación en humanos. Resultados: en más de la mitad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de blefaritis se confirmó la presencia de Demodex spp., predominó los enfermos mayores de 61 años, así como del sexo femenino, las manifestaciones clínicas con mayor incidencia fueron: presencia de caspa cilíndrica, alteraciones de las pestaña, escozor y prurito, seguidos por inestabilidad de la película lagrimal, alteraciones de bordes palpebrales, queratitis superficial y sensación de cuerpo extraño. Conclusiones: el estudio demostró la presencia del Demodex spp. en un importante número pacientes con blefaritis lo que contrasta que, en Cuba no existe suficiente literatura documentada que muestre su prevalencia, comportamiento o técnicas diagnósticas, así como variantes terapéuticas eficientes en esta enfermedad.

ABSTRACT Background: the blepharitis is a common illness in the ophthalmological practice, of chronic course with exacerbation crisis and multifactorial etiology, often associated with Demodex spp., mite of the hair follicle, extended and frequent parasite; its infestation in human is known as demodecosis. Objective: to characterize from the clinical point of view patients with blepharitis and demodecosis. Methods: a descriptive, traverse study was carried out in the Educational Surgical Clinical Military Hospital Dr. Octavio of the Concepción and of the Pedraja of Camagüey in the period of September, 2017 to November, 2018. The population study object was conformed by 84 patients with diagnostic of blepharitis who were confirmed with the presence of Demodex spp. and they completed criteria defined by the author. Biological variables were studied (age and sex) and clinic (symptoms and signs). The results were exposed in charts using descriptive statistic for distributions of frequencies. Ethical aspects for investigation in human were respected. Results: in more than half of the patients with diagnostic of blepharitis was confirmed the presence of Demodex spp., the sick persons older than 61 years prevailed, as well as of the feminine sex, the clinical manifestations with more incidence were: presence of cylindrical dandruff, alterations of the lash, smarting and pruritus, continued by uncertainty of the lachrymal movie, alterations palpebral embroider, superficial keratitis and sensation of strange corpse in the eye. Conclusions: the study demonstrates the presence of the Demodex spp. in an important number patient with blepharitis which contrasts with, in Cuba there isn´t enough documented literature that shows their prevalence, behavior or diagnostic techniques, as well as efficient therapeutic variants in this illness.

Case for diagnosis. Erythematous and pruritic papules on forearms

Abstract Gamasoidosis is a poorly known and underdiagnosed mite infestation. It is characterized by the presence of erythematous and flattened papules that are quite pruritic, and can affect any region of the body, with preference for areas of folds. This article reports a case of the disease caused by mites of the species Dermanyssus gallinae. Increasingly, the agents that cause this disease are found in urban environments, increasing the incidence of people affected by the disease. This dermatosis has a self-limiting clinical picture and the treatment is done with the use of topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines.

The sensitivity of Demodex canis (Acari: Demodicidae) to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia - an in vitro study / A sensibilidade do Demodex canis (Acari: Demodicidae) ao óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia - um estudo in vitro

Abstract The essential oil of the Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) (tea tree oil) has been effective in previous studies, in the treatment of infestation by Demodex mites in humans. The present study aimed at evaluating the in vitro acaricidal effect of this herbal medicine on Demodex canis. For the parasitological examination, samples were collected from a dog's skin and examined using optical microscopy. Only samples with intact mites and with evident movement of chelicerae and tarsi were selected. Twenty-one samples were tested with the oil, in seven different concentrations: 100%; 50%; 25%; 12.5%; 6.25%; 5.0% and 3.13%. Three samples were tested with the positive control amitraz, and three with the negative control neutral shampoo. The interval between the time the solution was added and the moment the movement of the last mite ceased defined the survival time in the sample. By comparing the times at different concentrations and controls, the results showed that the higher the concentration of the oil, the more quickly its lethal effect occurred, and that the survival times in the controls were longer than in the different concentrations of melaleuca oil.

Resumo O óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) (óleo da árvore do chá) foi eficaz em estudos anteriores, no tratamento da infestação por ácaros Demodex em humanos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o tempo do efeito acaricida, in vitro, desse fitoterápico sobre Demodex canis. Para o exame parasitológico, amostras foram coletadas da pele de um cão e examinadas por microscopia óptica. Apenas amostras com ácaros íntegros e com evidente movimentação de quelíceras e tarsos foram selecionadas. Vinte e uma amostras foram direcionadas para teste com o óleo, em sete concentrações diferentes: 100%; 50%; 25%; 12,5%; 6,25%; 5,0% e 3,13%. Três amostras foram testadas com o controle positivo, amitraz, e três com o controle negativo, xampu neutro. O intervalo entre o momento em que a solução foi adicionada e o instante em que cessou o movimento do último ácaro definiu o tempo de sobrevivência na amostra. Os tempos nas diferentes concentrações e nos controles foram comparados. Quanto mais alta a concentração do óleo, mais rapidamente ocorreu seu efeito letal. Os tempos de sobrevivência nos controles foram maiores que nas diferentes concentrações do óleo de melaleuca.

Demodicosis as treatment complication of amicrobial pustulosis of the folds

Abstract: Amicrobial pustulosis of the folds is a chronic relapsing neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by sterile pustules compromising skin folds, scalp, face and periorificial regions. It predominantly affects women. Demodicosis is an inflammatory disease associated with cutaneous overpopulation of the mite Demodex spp., the pathogenesis of which is not completely established, but is frequently related to local immunodeficiency. A case of a young woman with amicrobial pustulosis of the folds, and isolated worsening of facial lesions, is reported; investigation revealed overlapping demodicosis. There was complete regression of lesions with acaricide and cyclin treatment. This case warns of a poorly diagnosed but disfiguring and stigmatizing disease, often associated with underlying dermatoses or inadvertent treatments on the face.

Acute prurigo simplex in humans caused by pigeon lice

Abstract: Pigeon lice are insects that feed on feathers of these birds; their life cycle includes egg, nymph and adult and they may cause dermatoses in humans. Four persons of the same family, living in an urban area, presented with widespread intensely pruritic erythematous papules. A great number of lice were seen in their house, which moved from a nest of pigeons located on the condenser of the air-conditioning to the dormitory of one of the patients. Even in urban environments, dermatitis caused by parasites of birds is a possibility in cases of acute prurigo simplex. Pigeon lice are possible etiological agents of this kind of skin eruption, although they are often neglected, even by dermatologists.

Bacillus cereus strain isolated from Demodex folliculorum in patients with topical steroid-induced rosaceiform facial dermatitis

Abstract: The aim of the study was to identify Bacillus species from the Demodex folliculorum of patients with topical steroidinduced facial rosaceiform dermatitis. Of the 75 patients examined, 20% had clinical spinulosis, while 18.66% had dermoscopic features of Demodex: follicular plugs and tails. Of the 17.33% positive patients identified upon microscopy for Demodex, samples for bacterial culture were plated on trypticase soy Colombia agar. Identification was performed by microorganisms grown method mass spectrometry. We identified a strain of Bacillus cereus.

In vitro activity of artemether against Demodex folliculorum / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To assess the in vitro antimite activity of artemether against Demodex folliculorum, and to provide evidence for the use of artemether in the treatment of skin diseases caused by Demodex folliculorum infection. Methods Artemether was diluted to different concentrations(20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L)with peanut oil. The pH values of working solutions of artemether and peanut oil were measured. Demodex folliculorum mites were divided into several groups(32 mites in each group)to be treated with artemether(20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L, artemether groups) or peanut oil(control group). Results There were significant differences in the time required for killing of Demodex folliculorum among the 20?, 10?, 5?and 2.5?g/L artemether groups and control group(Median[P25-P75]:3.00[2.00-3.88]vs. 6.00[4.13- 7.25]vs. 13.00[11.63- 14.50]vs. 17.00[15.25- 20.75]vs. 34.00[23.50- 39.50]hours, H=133.954, P 0.05). Moreover, the pH values of working solutions of artemether and peanut oil ranged between 7.0 and 7.1, and were close to neutral. Conclusion Artemether at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 g/L can kill Demodex folliculorum in vitro, so artemether may serve as an alternative drug for the treatment of Demodex folliculorum infection.

Norwegian scabies mimicking rupioid psoriasis / Sarna norueguesa mimetizando psoríase rupioide

Norwegian scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by an ectoparasite, Scarcoptes scabiei var. Hominis, which mainly affects immunosuppressed individuals. Clinically, it may simulate various dermatoses such as psoriasis, Darier's disease, seborrheic dermatitis, among others. This is a case report of a 33-year-old woman, immunocompetent, diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (cancer phobia), who had erythematous, well-defined plaques, covered with rupioid crusts, on her neck, axillary folds, breast, periumbilical region, groin area, besides upper back and elbows, mimicking an extremely rare variant of psoriasis, denominated rupioid psoriasis.

A sarna norueguesa é uma infestação cutânea altamente contagiosa causada pelo ectoparasita Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, que atinge principalmente indivíduos imunossuprimidos. Clinicamente, pode simular várias dermatoses, tais como psoríase, doença de Darier, dermatite seborréica, entre outras. O artigo relata o caso de uma mulher de 33 anos, imunocompetente, porém com diagnóstico de transtorno de ansiedade generalizada e cancerofobia, que apresentava placas bem delimitadas, sobre base eritematosa, recobertas por crostas rupioides, nas regiões cervical, axilar, mamária, umbilical, inguinal, além de dorso superior e cotovelos, mimetizando uma variante extremamente rara de psoríase, denominada psoríase rupioide.

Gamasoidosis illustrated: from the nest to dermoscopy / Gamasoidose ilustrada: do ninho à dermatoscopia

Gamasoidosis (acariasis, avian-mite dermatitis or bird-mite dermatitis) is a challenging diagnosis that is becoming more common because of the frequent use of window air conditioners in tropical countries. These devices may serve as shelters for nests of urban birds such as pigeons. Dermatologists should become familiar with this infestation to establish the correct diagnosis and treatment.

Gamasoidose (acaríase, infestação por "piolhinho-de-pombo" ou dermatite por ácaros aviários) é um diagnóstico desafiador que está se tornando mais comum devido ao uso frequente de aparelhos de ar-condicionado de janela em países tropicais, que servem de abrigo para ninhos de pássaros urbanos tais como pombos. Dermatologistas devem se familiarizar com esta infestação para fazerem diagnóstico e tratamento adequados.

Clinical study of ivermectin/metronidazole in the treatment of patients with intestinal acariasis / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of ivermectin with metronidazole in patients with intestinal acariasis.Methods 24 patients with typical intestinal acariasis were selected and divided into two groups,each group had 12 members.Double-blind,randomized clinical trial of ivermectin versus metronidazole was assigned.Results 24 patients completed 3 courses.The total cure rate of ivermectin and metronidazole were 100%(12/12) and 25%(3/12),respectively.There was statistical difference between the two groups(P

Studies of Di-n-butyl Phthalate-OP Emulsion in the Treatment of Demodicidosis / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To observe the curative effect of Di\|n\|butyl phthalate\|OP emulsion in the treatment of demodicidosis. \ Methods\ 447 cases with Demodex infection on face were treated with Di\|n\|butyl phthalate\|OP emulsion. Among them, 30 cases suffering from acne, tetter and pustule were also randomly observed. 20 days after treatment negative conversion rate and the therapeutic effect were evaluated. At the same time, the effect of this solution was compared with that of other three medicaments (FuManLing, 2% metronidazole and 8% metronidazole preparations). In vitro test of mites\|killing, toxicity test in experimental animals and the safety evaluation for local application were also performed. \ Results \ Results showed that the negative conversion rate was 92^8%(415/447), effective rate for the cases showing evident face damage was 90^0%(27/30). The result also indicated that the OP emulsion medicament was more effective than other three medicaments (P