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RESUMEN La evaluación de la activación cortical e, indicador de fatiga central, constituye un demandado proceder del control psicológico del entrenamiento en deportistas de alto rendimiento en Cuba. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios realizados no abordan la relación entre esta variable y los estados de ánimo, aunque se ha demostrado el impacto que poseen estos últimos en el rendimiento del deportista, en su estado de salud, entre otras variables. El incipiente conocimiento al respecto ha limitado la realización de intervenciones psicopedagógicas más integrales durante el control psicológico del entrenamiento. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo comprobar la relación entre el nivel de activación cortical y los estados de ánimo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por diez judocas del equipo nacional de judo femenino de Cuba. La activación cortical fue medida durante seis sesiones de entrenamiento mediante el uso del Flicker, antes y después de suministradas las cargas. Los estados de ánimo fueron evaluados antes de comenzar cada sesión de entrenamiento con el perfil interactivo de estados de ánimo. Se procesaron los datos mediante la T de Student para muestras relacionadas, el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y Spearman, distribuciones de frecuencias y estadígrafos descriptivos. Los principales resultados arrojaron que en la variable estados de ánimos prevalece el vigor cuya evaluación fue alta antes de iniciar las sesiones de entrenamiento, también se evidenció presencia de fatiga, mientras que el nivel de activación cortical mostró el comportamiento esperado que produjo un aumento significativo de la misma poscarga, constatándose una correlación muy débil entre ambas variables.
RESUMO A avaliação da ativação cortical e, um indicador de fadiga central, constitui um procedimento exigido no controle psicológico do treinamento de atletas de alto rendimento em Cuba. Entretanto, a maioria dos estudos realizados não aborda a relação entre esta variável e o humor, embora o impacto deste último no desempenho e estado de saúde do atleta, entre outras variáveis, tenha sido demonstrado. O conhecimento incipiente a este respeito tem limitado a implementação de intervenções desde psicopedagogias mais abrangentes durante o controle psicológico do treinamento. O objetivo do presente estudo era testar a relação entre o nível de ativação cortical e os estados de humor. A amostra consistiu de 10 judocas da equipe nacional feminina de judô de Cuba. A ativação cortical foi medida durante seis sessões de treinamento usando o Flicker, antes e depois que as cargas foram administradas. Os estados de humor foram avaliados antes do início de cada sessão de treinamento com o Perfil de humor interativo. Os dados foram processados usando o teste t de Student para amostras relacionadas, o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e Spearman, distribuições de frequência e estatísticas descritivas. Os principais resultados mostraram que no variável humor prevaleceu o vigor, cuja avaliação foi alta antes de iniciar as sessões de treinamento, a presença de fadiga também foi evidenciada, enquanto o nível de ativação cortical mostrou o comportamento esperado que produziu um aumento significativo na mesma pós-carga, mostrando uma correlação muito fraca entre as duas variáveis.
ABSTRACT The evaluation of cortical e activation, an indicator of central fatigue, constitutes a demanded procedure for the psychological control of training in high-performance athletes in Cuba. However, most of the studies carried out do not address the relationship between this variable and moods, although the impact that the latter have on the performance of the athlete, on their health status, among other variables, has been demonstrated. The incipient knowledge in this regard has limited the performance of more comprehensive psychopedagogical interventions during the psychological control of training. The present work aimed to verify the relationship between the level of cortical activation and moods. The sample consisted of 10 judokas from the Cuban women's national judo team. Cortical activation was measured during six training sessions using the Flicker, before and after the loads were delivered. Moods were assessed before beginning each training session with the Interactive Moods Profile. Data were processed using Student's T for related samples, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficient, frequency distributions, and descriptive statistics. The main results showed that in the moods variable, vigor prevails, which evaluation was high before starting the training sessions, the presence of fatigue was also evidenced, while the level of cortical activation showed the expected behavior that produced a significant increase in the same after load, confirming a very weak correlation between both variables.
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La Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones presta una atención especial al estudio del afecto. Una de las propuestas más influyentes es la teoría de los acontecimientos afectivos (Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996). La teoría explica cómo determinados acontecimientos, influenciados por el ambiente externo, pueden provocar respuestas emocionales que determinarían el comportamiento y las actitudes en el lugar de trabajo. En este estudio se revisa la influencia que ha tenido esta teoría. Tras una búsqueda en PsycINFO® se encontraron 32 artículos que pusieron a prueba tal teoría. Mediante el análisis de esta producción científica se detectó: (a) el auge que la teoría ha tenido en los últimos años (especialmente desde 2008); (b) el fuerte apoyo a las relaciones que la teoría propone, en especial a la cadena acontecimientos-afecto-actitudes, que constituye el núcleo de la teoría; y (c) la aparición de nuevos elementos (i.e., estrategias de afrontamiento) que enriquecen la propuesta original.
Industrial and Organizational Psychology is now presenting much more interest in the study of affect at work. One of the most influential proposals in this regard is affective events theory (Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996). The theory explains how certain events, influenced by the environment, can cause affective responses that, in turn, determine behavior and attitudes in the workplace. We will review here the influence this theory has had. In searching PsycINFO®, 32 papers were found that have tested the theory. In the analysis of this scientific production we could infer: (a) the peak that the theory has had in recent years (especially, since 2008); (b) strong support of the relationships proposed by the theory, especially for the events-affect-attitudes chain, which represents precisely the core of the theory; and (c) the emergence of new elements (i.e., emotion-focused coping) that are enriching the original proposal.
Atualmente, a Psicologia do Trabalho e das Organizações dedica uma atenção considerável ao estudo do afeto. Neste sentido, uma das propostas mais influentes é a teoria dos acontecimentos afetivos (Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996). A teoria explica como determinados acontecimentos, influenciados pelo ambiente externo, podem provocar respostas emocionais que influenciam comportamentos e atitudes no local de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo é efetuar uma revisão meticulosa acerca da influência desta teoria. Através de uma pesquisa inicial no PsycINFO® foram encontrados 32 artigos que testaram diretamente a teoria. Através da análise desta produção científica se detectou: (a) o auge que a teoria atingiu nos últimos amos (em especial desde 2008); (b) o forte suporte às relações que a teoria propõe, sobretudo à cadeia acontecimentos-afeto-atitudes, a qual constitui precisamente o núcleo da teoria; e (c) a aparição de novos elementos (i.e., estratégias de coping) que vêm enriquecendo a proposta teórica original.
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Objective To investigate the impact of applying patient-centered care concept on easing the negative moods among the parents of the neonates hospitalized in NICU.Methods The parents of neonates (76 people) hospitalized in NICU from March to May in 2012 were selected as the control group,they conducted normal nursing.The parents of neonates hospitalized in NICU during June and August in 2012 were named as the observation group (81 people).In addition to the normal nursing,they were given nursing intervention according to patient-centered care concept.The anxiety and depression moods of the two groups was analyzed.Results Before the patient-centered care concept intervention,there was no statistical difference of SAS,SDS scores for both groups.For the observation group,the SAS,SDS scores after intervention were significantly lower than those before the intervention.While for the control group,there was no statistical difference of SAS,SDS scores.After intervention,the SAS、SDS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions The negative moods of the parents of hospitalized neonates can be eased significantly by applying patient-centered care concept intervention.
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Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention on negative moods, compliance behavior and life quality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods We randomized 100 patients with CHF into the observation group and the control group. The control group only accepted basic nursing, life nursing and treatment; besides these, the observation group were given other interventions, including health education, comfortable environment, physical activity, compliance behavior, diet and mental guidance 3 days after the patients were admitted into hospital. The two groups were tested for anxiety, depression, compliance behavior as well as life quality with Minnesota Living with Heart failure questionnaire both 3 days after the patients were admitted into hospital and when they were discharged. χ2 test and t test were used to analyze the data. Results Before intervention, there were no statistical difference in their anxiety, depression, compliance behavior, and life quality between the observation group and the control group. After intervention, the observation group was superior than the control group in anxiety and depression score, compliance behaviors including on-time medicine administration, regular recheck, rational diet, smoke abatement and alcohal restriction, physical activity, life quality score including physical limitation, emotion, symptom and social constrain. Conclusions Nursing intervention could help improve anxiety and depression of the patients with CHF, promote their compliance behaviors and improve their life quality.