Genotoxicity evaluation of triptolide / 药学实践杂志

Objective To study the genotoxicity of triptolide ,an important active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f .Methods Ames test ,in vitro chromosomal aberration test of CHO cell and in vivo micronucleus assay were per-formed to investigate the genotoxicity of triptolide .Results The Ames test showed that triptolide did not increase mutagenicity for TA97 ,TA98 ,TA100 ,TA102 and TA1535 strains at the dosage of 1 .6~1000 μg per plate with and without metabolic ac-tivation system S9 .Results of in vitro CHO cell chromosomal aberration test indicated that there was no statistical difference between the triptolide groups (doses of 0 .01 ,0 .02 and 0 .04 μg/ml) and the solvent control group with and without metabolic activation system S9 .However ,triptolide significantly increased polychromatophilic erythrocyte micronucleus formation at the dosage of 720 μg/kg in ICR mice .Conclusion Triptolide did not induce genetic toxicity based on the Ames test and chromo-somal aberration test ,but could increase micronucleus formation at the dosage of 720 μg/kg .These results indicated that trip-tolide may have potential genotoxicity on human health .

Actividad mutagénica y genotóxica del material particulado PM25 en Cúcuta, Colombia / Mutagenic and genotoxic activity of particulate matter PM25 from Cucuta, Colombia

Objetivo. Determinar la actividad mutagénica y genotóxica del material particulado PM2.5, captado cerca de una vía de alto flujo vehicular en Cúcuta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Entre Enero-Julio de 2011, el PM2.5 fue monitoreado con un equipo Partisol 2025 Plus usando filtros de cuarzo Palmflex. La actividad mutagénica y genotóxica de los extractos del PM2.5 fue determinada usando dos ensayos: el test de Ames y el ensayo cometa. En el ensayo mutagénico se utilizó la cepa TA 100 de Salmonella typhimurium. Para determinar el daño genotóxico se utilizaron linfocitos de sangre periférica. Resultados. Por primera vez en la región fronteriza de Colombia y Venezuela, se reporta la actividad mutagénica y genotóxica asociada con el PM2.5 de Cúcuta. Los resultados muestran actividad mutagénica en la cepa de Salmonella typhimurium TA-100 y genotoxicidad en linfocitos humanos de sangre periférica. Conclusiones. En las muestras del material particulado PM2.5 de la ciudad de Cúcuta se encuentran compuestos que inducen mutaciones, así como compuestos que pueden penetrar hasta la célula e inducir daño en su ADN, lo que puede representar un riesgo en la manifestación de enfermedades tales como el cáncer en la población expuesta.

Objectives. To determine mutagenic and genotoxic activity of particulate matter PM2.5 collected in high vehicular traffic way of Cucuta, Colombia. Materials and methods: Between January to July of 2011, PM2.5 was monitored by a Partisol 2025 sequential air sampler by using Plus Palmflex quartz filters. The mutagenic and genotoxic activity from extract of PM2.5 was determinate by using two assays: the Ames test and comet assay. In the mutagenic assay we used the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA-100. To determine the genotoxic damage peripheral blood lymphocytes were used. Results: This is the first study that has been conducted in border region of Colombia and Venezuela that reports the mutagenic and genotoxic activity associated with particulate matter PM2.5 from Cucuta. The result show mutagenic activity in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA-100 and genotoxicity in peripheral blood human lymphocytes. Conclusions: Samples of particulate matter PM2.5 from Cucuta city were found, compounds that induced mutation by base substitution were found, also compounds that can reach the cell nucleus and induced genotoxic damage in their ADN were found. This can represent a risk in the population exposed for manifestation for diseases such as cancer.

Mutagenecity of Aristolochic Acid to Mouse Lymphoma Cells / 环境与健康杂志

Objective The purpose of the present study was to understand the genotoxicity of aristolochic acid(AA).Methods The mouse lymphoma assay(MLA)was employed to detect the genotoxicity of AA.The cells(L5178Y TK)were treated with AA by adding it into the culture medium at the concentrations of 15,30,60and 120 ?g/ml and then the mutant frequency(MF)was calculated.Results At the dose of 30,60 and 120 ?g/ml,MF increased significantly compared with the control(P

Effect of Dichlorvos and Omethoate Exposure on Sperm Abnormality in Mice / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To explore the effect of dichlorvos and omethoate exposure on reproductive cells of male animals and to provide the scientific evidence for the integrated precaution and protective measure of the agricultural byproduct pollution.Methods 42 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 7 groups,6 in each group.The 6 groups were dichlorvos and omethoate treated groups,the other was the control group.The mice were treated with dichlorvos or omethoate for 21 consecutive days by gavage,dichlorvos doses were at of 5.0,10.0 and 20.0 mg/kg,omethoate doses were at of 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg respectively,the mice in the control group were given physiological saline by gavage at the same volume.The changes of frequency on the sperm abnormality were examined after 21 days.Results Compared with the control group,the frequency of the sperm abnormality in each treated group increased significantly(P

Mutagenicity of Organic Extract From Drinking Water in a Certain City / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To have a knowledge of the mutagenicity of contaminates in drinking water in a certain city. Methods Mutagenic activity of organic extracts of source water chloridized water in water plant and tap water from the city were detected with single cell gel-electrophoresis mouse primary hepatocytes in culture were used and Ames test. Results For Ames test the organic extract in 3 liters chloridized water in water plant and tap water samples produced positive result and that in 6 liters source water sample still gave a negative result. For single cell gel-electrophoresis test the organic extract in 0.1 liter chloridized water in water plant tap water and 0.5 liter source water produced positive result. Conclusion The sensitivity of single cell gel-electrophoresis with primary hepatocytes in detection of genotoxicity of cloridized water and source water is much higher than Ames test.

Micronucleus and Chromosome Aberration in Root Tip Cell of Vicia faba Induced by Surfactants / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the genetic toxicity of surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2. Methods To take root tip cells of Vicia faba as the subjects, treated with various concentrations of surfactants to study the effect of them on the micronucleus and chromosome aberration in root tip cells of Vicia faba. Results The frequencies of micronucleus cell induced by surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 were (21.34?1.31)‰, (13.44?2.66)‰, (15.29?3.16)‰ and (7.53?2.34)‰ respectively, the frequencies of chromosome aberration induced by surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 were (18.16?0.50)%, (11.05?1.18)%, (23.79?1.62)% and (22.58?0.61)%, significant differences were seen compared with the control. Conclusion The results of the present paper demonstrates that surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 have the effect of mutagenic agent.

Mutagenicity of Water From Yangling-Xingping Section of Weihe River and Wasetwater From Paper Mills Along the River / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the mutagenicity of water from Yangling-Xingping section of Weihe River and wastewater from paper mills along the river. Methods No1 and No2 paper mill as the pollution source were located along the Yangling-Xingping section of Weihe River,their sampling points were named paper mill 1 and paper mill 2.The outlets for sewage at the bank of Weihe River in Yangling and Xingping were selected the sampling points of pollution sections, namely Yangwu and Xingwu respectively. The clear sections (Yangshang and Xingshang) were situated at a distance of 1 km from polluted sections at the upper reaches of Weihe River were selected and at the sames at the lower reaches were selected as the self-purification sections, namely Yangxia and Xingxia. The mutagenicity of water samples collected from above sampling points was tested by Ames test,mouse sperm malformation test, Vicia faba root tips cell micronucleus test. Results The results of Ames test showed that the water samples of Xingwu, Xingxia and two paper mills presented mutigenicity.The water samples of Xingwu, Xingxia and two paper mills showed significantly higher levels of sperm malformation rates compared with that of negative control group(P

Effects of Industrial Wastewater Containing Chromium on the Mutagenicity of Ground Water and Drinking Water / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the effects of industrial wastewater containing chromium from Anyang Bicycle Works (ABW) on the mutagenicity of ground water and drinking water. Methods The ground water samples were collected from wells located on the southwest of the pollution source of ABW, near the gate of ABW(A) and at a distance of 60 m from the east of ABW(B) respectively, and also from the following sampling points closely located along the lower reach of sewage ditch: cigarette work(C), iron alloy works(D), match works(E), chemical and chemical fiber works(F). The raw water and finished water samples were collected from water plant. The contents of chromium(Cr6+) in water samples were measured and the mutagenicity of the water samples were tested by Vicia faba root tips cell micronucleus test. Results The contents of Cr6+ in ground water samples showed a decreaseing trend (0.358 5-0.010 0 mg/L) with the increasing distances from the sampling points to the pollution source of ABW, the order of which was the following: A, B, C, D, E, F. The contents of Cr6+ in ground water samples collected from the gate of ABW and the location at a distance of 60 m from the east of ABW exceeded the related standard 6.17 and 2.08 times respectively.The contents of Cr6+ in raw water and finished water samples were 0.0123 and 0.0095mg/L respectively.All of the water samples except that from the chemical and chemical fiber works showed higher micronucleus rates in different degree compared with that of negative control. Statistically significant higher micronucleus rate was only observed in water sample from match works compared with that of negative control (P

Removal of Organic Mutagen in Tap Water / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To understand the effect of the organic extracts of tap water deeply treated with O3-BAC on DNA damage. Methods During June to July 2005, water samples were collected from 6 sites in waterworks A treated with O3-BAC, the raw water, the pre-chlorination water, the filtration water, the post-ozonation water, the BAC water and the tap water respectively and 4 sites in waterworks B treated by general treatment, the raw water, the pre-chlorination water, the filtration water, and the tap water respectively. The test was carried out on extracts of water sample from waterworks A with dosage(7.00, 3.00, 1.50, 1.00, 0.75, 0.38 L/plate)and waterworks B with dosage(7.00, 3.00, 1.00 L/plate)using S.typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test, Comet assay were used on extracts of water sample from waterworks A with dosage(3.00, 1.50, 0.75, 0.38 L/plate). Human embryo lung fibroblast (KMB17 strain) p53 ELISA were used with dosage(3.00, 1.00, 0.3 L/plate). Results Ames test showed that in the waterworks A, at the dose of 7.0 L, the revertants of the raw water, pre-chlorination water, the filtration water on TA98-S9 and 7.0 L, 3.0 L/plate, the revertants of the raw water, pre-ozonation water, filtration water on TA98+S9 were twice more than that of solvent control; in waterworks B, at the dose of 7.0 L/plate, the revertants of the raw water, pre-chlorination water, filtration water on TA98-S9 and 7.0 L, 3.0 L/plate the revertants of the tap water on TA98-S9, and 7.0 L/plate pre-chlorination water on TA98+S9 were twice more than that of solvent control. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test showed that in waterworks A, at the dose of 3.0 L/plate, the micronucleus rates of the raw water, filtration water were significant high than that of solvent control(P

Mutagenicity of Polyaspartic Acid / 环境与健康杂志

0.05). Conclusion PASP is an actually non-poisonous material and not a mutagen, the result of the present paper may be taken as a scientific evidence for the safety of PASP to be used in industry water treatment.

Relativity Study on Genotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation of Organic Chemical Pollutants in Water of Huaihe River on Mice / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To investigate the related factors effecting the genotoxicity and lipid peroxidation of organic ex-tracts from source water of Huaihe River and its tap water on mice.Methods XAD-II resin was used to absorb the organic chemical pollutants in source water and tap water.The mice were exposed to organic extracts through peritoneal injection continuously for5days.The micronucleus test,the sperm deformity test,the determination of the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the concentrations of LPO in serum,liver and brain of mice were carried out.Results The fre-quncies of micronuclei and abnormal sperm of mice exposed to organic extracts at dosage of0.01ml/1g(bw)corre-sponding to100L/kg(bw)source water,finished water and tap water increased significantly compared with those of controls(P

MUTAGENICITY OF 22 KINDS OF FOODS AFTER NITRITE TREATMENT / 第二军医大学学报

The mutagenicity of 22 kinds of foods, including soy sauce, fish sauce, shrimp paste, sausages, sundried fishes, rice cracker, deep fried pork skin, salfed vegetable and spices after nitrite treatment, was detected by means of Ames test with preincubation. Mutagenicity assay was employed on salmonella typhimurium TA100, aud meanwhile, the validity of each experiment was checked by using the koown mutagen, AF-2, as the positive control.16 kinds of foods showed marked direct-acting mutagenicity toward Salmonella typhimurium TA100 after nitrite treatment.Shrimp paste produced in Bankok was the strongest one among these samples.Its specific mutgenicity was 37000 revertants/g.The amount of precursor, tyramine, in shrimp paste was estimated from the area of tyramine peak on HPLC by using the authentic tyramine as the standard.Results showed that one gram shrimp paste contained 439ug tyramine.The mutagenicity of foods suggested that nitrosatable precursors, such as amine or amide, were presented in foods, and they could converted into endogenous carcinogen, mtrosamine, in vivo.Therefore, detection of mutagenicity of foods has significance in preventing cancer.