Application of microvascular measurement technology in endothelial removal / 中国药理学通报

Aim To improve the reliability of research data of microvascular measurement technology by establishing a research method for the removal of vascular endothelium from isolated arterioles. Methods For this study, 12-wk-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto ( WKY) rats were selected. Acute separation of the mesenteric artery was performed after measurement of blood pressure. The endothelium was removed by a combination of mechanical (the vascular ring rotated around the electrode tip and gas was injected) and drug (L-NAME and indom-ethacin). Thenthe effects of different concentrations of phenylephrine ( PE), ACh, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the changes of the mesenteric artery diameter in the rats with endothelial integrity and endothelial removal were measured using pressure myocardio-graphy. Results (1) The blood pressure ofSHR rats was significantly higher than that of WKY rats (P could relax the mesenteric artery of SHR and WKY rats in a concentration-dependent manner. When the endothelium was intact, the relaxation of SHR was significantly weaker than that of WKY rats (P < 0. 01 )j Compared with WKY rats, SHR showed a significantly enhanced relaxation when the endothelium was removed (P <0. 01). Conclusions (1) We successfully established a research method for vascular endothelium removal by in vitro arteriolar pressure arthrography. ( 2 ) Hypertensive rats have a significant vasomotor dysfunction.

Mechanical response of knee muscles in high level bodyboarders during performance / Respostas mecânicas da musculatura do joelho de bodyboarders de alto nível durante o desempenho / Respuesta mecánica de la musculatura de la rodilla en bodyboarders de alto nivel durante el desempeño

INTRODUCTION: bodyboarding is a kind of surfing that has been growing very rapidly over the last decade and has now developed into one of the fastest growing water sports in the world. OBJECTIVES: evaluate the effects of fatigue on rectus femoris RF, vastus lateralis VL and vastus medialis VM and biceps femoris BF and semitendinosus ST during a high-level bodyboard competition using tensiomyography TMG. METHODS: subjects were 11 highly experienced years of practice: 15, SD=4.65 male bodyboarders age: 28.17, SD=2.89, body weight: 74.83, SD=6.13kg; height: 179.25, SD=3.93cm; BMI: 23.29, SD=1.81 participating in the final of the 2010 Spanish championship. RESULTS: the fatigue is especially evident due to a decrease in the values of relaxation time Tr and sustain time Ts caused by the specific characteristics of waves, how the waves evolve and the type of manoeuvre executed in competition due to the wave characteristics. The maximum radial displacement Dm value increased slightly in all muscles analysed and normalised response speed Vrn was stable, with a tendency to improve as athletes adapted to the type of physical effort and the environmental conditions of the competition. CONCLUSIONS: the study shows that the fatigue in the extensor and flexor muscles of the knee occurs in response to the demands of competition. .

INTRODUÇÃO: bodyboarding é uma modalidade do surfe que vem crescendo rapidamente nas últimas décadas e atualmente é um dos esportes aquáticos que mais cresce no mundo. OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito da fadiga nos músculos reto femoral RF, vasto lateral VL, vasto medial VM, bíceps femoral BF e semitendíneo ST durante competição de alto nível através da tensiomiografia TMG. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por 11 bodyboarders de alto nível anos de prática: 15, DP = 4,65, idade: 28,17, DP = 2,89 anos, peso: 74,83, DP = 6,13 kg; estatura: 179,25, DP = 3,93 cm; IMC: 23,29, DP = 1,81, participantes da final do Campeonato Espanhol de 2010. RESULTADOS: a fadiga é evidente devido a uma diminuição dos valores de tempo de relaxamento Tr e tempo de sustentação Ts, que pode ser causada pelas características das ondas, de como elas se comportam e ao tipo de manobras realizadas em competição. Os valores de deslocamento radial máximo Dm aumentaram em todos os músculos analisados e a velocidade de resposta normalizada foi estável, com uma leve tendência à melhora conforme os atletas se adaptam ao tipo de esforço físico e às condições ambientais da competição. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se fadiga da musculatura flexora e extensora do joelho em repostas às demandas da competição. .

INTRODUCCIÓN: el bodyboard es una modalidad del surf que viene creciendo rápidamente en las últimas décadas y actualmente es uno de los deportes acuáticos que más crece en el mundo. OBJETIVOS: evaluar los efectos de la fatiga en los músculos: recto femoral RF, vasto lateral VL, vasto medial VM, bíceps femoral BF y semitendinoso ST durante una competición de alto nivel mediante la tensiomiografia TMG. MÉTODOS: la muestra estaba compuesta por 11 bodyboarders de alto nivel años de práctica: 15, DE = 4,65, edad: 28,17, DE = 2,89, peso: 74.83, DE = 6,13 kg; altura: 179,25, DE = 3,93 cm; IMC: 23,29, DE = 1,81, participantes en la final del Campeonato de España de 2010. RESULTADOS: la fatiga es evidente debido a una disminución de los valores del tiempo de relajación Tr y tiempo de sustentación Ts, que puede ser causada por las características de las olas, de como éstas se comportan y al tipo de maniobras realizadas durante la competición. Los valores de desplazamiento máximo radial Dm aumentaron en todos los músculos analizados y la velocidad de respuesta normalizada Vrn se muestra estable, con tendencia a mejorar, debido a la adaptación de los deportistas al tipo de esfuerzo y a las condiciones ambientales en que se desarrolla la competición. CONCLUSIÓN: el estudio muestra que la fatiga en los músculos extensores y flexores de la rodilla se produce en respuesta a las exigencias propias de la competición. .

La monitorización neuromuscular y su importancia en el uso de los bloqueantes neuromusculares / Neuromuscular monitoring and its importance in neuromuscular blockade

Introducción: La necesidad por incorporar nuevas guías o estrategias en la buena práctica de uso de los bloqueantes neuromusculares no es un hecho de obligado cumplimento en la actualidad dentro de la anestesiología. Solo existen recomendaciones de actuación con el propósito de convencer que la monitorización neuromuscular es una herramienta muy útil para el buen uso racional de los bloqueantes neuromusculares. Metodología: Las complicaciones surgen, y la parálisis residual es un evento destacado. Por esta razón, los autores propugnamos que la monitorización del bloqueo neuromuscular puede ser un factor determinante en la mejora del cuidado de nuestros pacientes, disminuyendo tanto la morbilidad como la mortalidad. Esta revisión y su metodología en base a la experiencia de los autores solo pretende exponer de forma sencilla conocimientos que consideramos básicos para su utilización sistemática en nuestra práctica rutinaria. Resultados y conclusiones: Esta actualización describe los principios fundamentales de los métodos que disponemos en la actualidad, priorizando las medidas cuantitativas de registro. Y también demuestra el diferente comportamiento de la musculatura al efecto de los bloqueantes neuromusculares, fundamentos relevantes que es preciso conocer. La monitorización neuromuscular es una práctica que debe utilizarse siempre que un bloqueo neuromuscular sea necesario. Somos conscientes que generar una recomendación explícita es difícil. Pero nuestro entusiasmo parte del beneficio de una experiencia personal con estos métodos que son conocidos desde antiguo. Debido a la potencial morbilidad asociada con bloqueos neuromusculares residuales, la monitorización perioperatoria de la función neuromuscular es esencial.

Introduction: The incorporation of new guidelines or strategies as part of good practices in the use of muscle relaxants is not a requirement at present in the practice of anesthesia. There are only action recommendations designed to persuade clinicians of the fact that neuromuscular monitoring is a very useful tool for the rational use of muscle relaxants. Methodology:Complications occur, and residual paralysis is a significant event. For this reason, the authors advocate that monitoring neuromuscular block may be a determining factor in improving patient care and reducing morbidity and mortality. This review and its methodology based on the experience of the authors is designed to present, in a simple format, the knowledge that considered fundamental for the systematic use of neuromuscular monitoring in every day practice. Results and conclusions: This update describes the fundamental principles of the methods available at present, emphasizing quantitative recording measurements. It then describes the different ways in which muscles respond to the effect of neuromuscular blockade, as these are critical fundamental principles that have to be known. Neuromuscular monitoring is a practice that should be implemented every time a neuromuscular block is required. We are aware of the difficulty of generating an explicit recommendation, but our enthusiasm is derived from the benefits we have personally experienced when applying these methods that have been known for a long time. Due to the potential morbidity associated with residual muscle relaxation, perioperative monitoring of neuromuscular function is essential.

Comparison of distributions of muscle injection and intravenous administration of human mesenchymal stem cells in denervated muscles of the sciatic nerve injured rats / 北京大学学报(医学版)

0.05). However, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude in ims injected group wa s si gnificantly higher as compared with the other two groups[ims injected group (12.50?2.06) mV, iv group (1.50?0.20) mV, control group (10.13?4.04) mV, F=6.347, P=0.033]. The MSC s were able to be observed only in ims injected tissues 3 weeks after implantati on (A large number of small undifferentiated cells were found outside the myofib ers and some were found between the cells.) The atrophy of gastrocnemius in ims injected group was much less severe than that of the other 2 groups. The diameter of muscle fibers was significantly longer on d60 (F=4.537,P=0.021).Conclusion:Intra- muscular injection of MSC was well distributed in denervated muscle, which provides a newway of nerve regeneration in the rat model of sciatic nerve injury.

Diagnóstico y pronóstico electromiográfico durante la rehabilitación de las lesiones del nervio radial / Diagnosis and electromyographic prognosis during the rehabilitation of the radial nerve injuries / Diagnostic et pronostic électromyographique lors de la restauration des lésions du nerf radial

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 14 pacientes con lesión del nervio radial, los cuales fueron estudiados clínica y electromiográficamente durante los primeros 4 meses, con evoluciones a los 6 y 8 meses de tratamiento rehabilitador. Se encontró correlación entre los hallazgos clínicos y los electromiográficos, no así entre el seguimiento clínico y los resultados de la conducción nerviosa. Se obtuvieron mejores resultados en aquellos pacientes que iniciaron el tratamiento precozmente, sobre todo si existió una adecuada cooperación de éstos.

A prospective study of 14 patients with radial nerve injuries was carried out. These injuries were clinical and electromyographically studied during the first 4 months with evolution at the 6th and 8th month of rehabilitative treatment. A correlation was found between the clinical and the electromiographical findings, but not between the clinical follow-up and the results of nerve conduction. Better results were obtained among those patients who began the treatment earlier, mainly when they cooperated adequately.

Une étude prospective chez 14 patients atteints d´une lésion dunerf radial, lesquels ont été cliniquement et électromyographiquement étudiés lors des premiers 4 mois, avec des évolutions aux 6 et 8 mois de traitement restaurateur, a été réalisée. Une corrélation entre les trouvailles cliniques et les électromyographiques a été trouvée, il n´en est pas de même entre le suivi clinique et les résultats du comportement nerveux. Des meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus chez ces patients-là qui ont précocement initié le traitement surtout s´il a existé une coopération adéquate de ceux-ci.