The Spectrum of Neonatal Disorders Managed at the University Hospital of the West Indies over the Past Two Decades / El Espectro de los Trastornos Neonatales Tratados en el Hospital Universitario de West Indies Durante las dos últimas Décadas

ABSTRACT Objective: To define the spectrum of medical disorders managed on the neonatal unit at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) over the past two decades. Method: A review of published data pertaining to neonatal medical disorders managed at the UHWI over the past 20 years was conducted. Pertinent findings, implications of these findings and recommendations based on these findings were collated and presented under themes. Results: Common medical disorders managed includes complications of prematurity and very low birthweight infants, neonatal sepsis, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, meconium aspiration syndrome, neonatal jaundice, hypernatraemic dehydration, complications of macrosomia and complications resulting from neonatal transport. Conclusion: It is clear that a diverse spectrum of neonatal disorders is managed on the neonatal unit of the UHWI and that the fledgling neonatal unit providing basic care for neonates of the 1960s has matured into the level II Newborn Special Care Nursery and Level III NICU that it is today. The time is now opportune for Neonatology to gain independent status as a Division of Neonatology within the Department of Child and Adolescent Health at the UHWI.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Definir el espectro de trastornos médicos tratados en la Unidad Neonatal del Hospital Universitario de West Indies (UHWI) en las últimas dos décadas. Método: Se realizó una revisión de los datos publicados sobre los trastornos médicos neonatales tratados en UHWI durante los últimos 20 años. Los hallazgos pertinentes, las implicaciones de estos hallazgos y las recomendaciones basadas en estos hallazgos fueron recopiladas y presentadas en temas. Resultados: Los trastornos médicos comunes tratados incluyen complicaciones de la prematuridad y los neonatos de muy bajo peso al nacer, sepsis neonatal, encefalopatía isquémica, síndrome de aspiración de meconio, ictericia neonatal, deshidratación hipernatrémica, complicaciones de macrosomía y las complicaciones resultantes del transporte neonatal. Conclusión: Está claro que un espectro diverso de trastornos neonatales es tratado en la Unidad Neonatal de UHWI, y que la unidad neonatal incipiente que proporcionó atención básica a los neonatos de los años 60 ha madurado, llegando a ser hoy la Sala de Atención Especial a Neonatos de Nivel II y la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) de Nivel III. Es hora ya de que la Neonatología tenga estatus independiente como División de Neonatología dentro del Departamento de Salud de Niños y Adolescentes de UHWI.

Disability-Adjusted Life Years for Maternal, Neonatal, and Nutritional Disorders in Korea

Maternal and child health is an important issue throughout the world. Given their impact on maternal and child health, nutritional issues need to be carefully addressed. Accordingly, the effect of maternal, child, and nutritional disorders on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) should be calculated. The present study used DALYs to estimate the burden of disease of maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders in the Korean population in 2012. For this purpose, we used claim data of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, DisMod II, and death data of the Statistics Korea and adhered to incidence-based DALY estimation methodology. The total DALYs per 100,000 population were 376 in maternal disorders, 64 in neonatal disorders, and 58 in nutritional deficiencies. The leading causes of DALYs were abortion in maternal disorders, preterm birth complications in neonatal disorders, and iron-deficiency anemia in nutritional deficiencies. Our findings shed light on the considerable burden of maternal, neonatal, and nutritional conditions, emphasizing the need for health care policies that can reduce morbidity and mortality.