Recomendaciones de bioseguridad para el nefrólogo en salas de atención a pacientes con enfermedad renal ante la pandemia de la COVID-19 / Biosafety recommendations for the nephrologist in care rooms for patients with renal disease in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic

Resumen Revisión narrativa sobre la prevención de infección por SARS-CoV-2 en personal de salud y en especial en los nefrólogos de los servicios de nefrología y unidades de hemodiálisis dada la poca disponibilidad de documentos en la literatura sobre este tema en particular. La escasa literatura no favorece la realización de una revisión sistemática sobre el mencionado tema. El desarrollo de esta revisión incluye una descripción del nuevo virus, sus mecanismos de transmisión, la cadena epidemiológica y sus condiciones de aparición en el panorama mundial, los principales aspectos que favorecen la mayor susceptibilidad del personal de salud y en especial a los nefrólogos. Finalmente se hacen las recomendaciones sobre la prevención, la atención de los casos y el retorno a la actividad laboral.

Abstract Narrative review on the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health personnel and especially in nephrologists from nephrology services and hemodialysis units given the limited availability of documents in the literature on this particular topic. The scarce literature does not favor the performance of a systematic review on the mentioned topic. The development of this review includes a description of the new virus, its transmission mechanisms, the epidemiological chain and its appearance conditions on the world scene, the main aspects that favor the greater susceptibility of health personnel and especially nephrologists. Finally, recommendations are made on prevention, case management and return to work.

Número de nefrólogos, servicios de hemodiálisis y tendencia de la prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica en el Ministerio de Salud de Perú / Number of nephrologists, hemodialysis services, and prevalence trend of chronic kidney disease in the ministry of health of Peru

RESUMEN Realizamos un estudio descriptivo y ecológico que evaluó la relación entre la tendencia de la prevalencia de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), con el número de nefrólogos y con el número de servicios de hemodiálisis del Ministerio de salud (MINSA). El estudio se basó en un análisis secundario de las atenciones del MINSA, del Observatorio de Recursos Humanos en Salud y de los servicios de hemodiálisis registrados como Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicio de Salud del Fondo Intangible Solidario de Salud (FISSAL). Se encontró que la prevalencia ajustada de la ERC se incrementó de 0,5 a 1,5 por cada 1000 pacientes entre el 2010 y 2017, respectivamente. Las regiones con mayor incremento fueron Tumbes, Ucayali y Piura. La cantidad de nefrólogos por cada 1000 pacientes con ERC disminuyó de 4,4 en el 2010 a 1,9 en el 2016 y los servicios de hemodiálisis contratados por el FISSAL se incrementaron de 16 en el 2012 a 74 en el 2019.

ABTSRACT We conducted a descriptive and ecological study that evaluated the relationship between the prevalence trend of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the number of nephrologists, and the number of hemodialysis services of the Ministry of Health (MINSA). The study was based on a secondary analysis of the care provided by MINSA, the Observatory of Human Resources in Health, and the hemodialysis services registered as Health Service Providers of the Intangible Health Solidarity Fund (FISSAL, in Spanish). The adjusted prevalence of CKD was found to have increased from 0.5 to 1.5 per 1,000 patients between 2010 and 2017. The regions with the greatest increase were Tumbes, Ucayali, and Piura. The number of nephrologists per 1,000 CKD patients decreased from 4.4 in 2010 to 1.9 in 2016; and the hemodialysis services contracted by FISSAL increased from 16 in 2012 to 74 in 2019.

Modified Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Insertion: Comparison with a Conventional Method

PURPOSE: The conventional trocar and cannula method in peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter insertion has its limitation in clinical setting. The aim of this study was to compare a modified method for percutaneous PD catheter insertion with the conventional method, and demonstrate advantages of the modified method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients at a single center who had percutaneous PD catheters inserted by nephrologists from January 2006 until September 2012, using either a modified method (group M) or the conventional trocar and cannula method (group C), were retrospectively analyzed, in terms of baseline characteristics, complications experienced up to 3 months after the procedure, and the suitability of the procedure for patients. RESULTS: Group M included 82 subjects, while group C included 66 cases. The overall early complication rate in group M (1.2%) was significantly lower than that in group C (19.7%) (p<0.001). The catheter revision rate during timeframe for early complications was significantly lower in group M (0%) than in group C (6.1%) (p=0.024). When comparing Procedure time (1 h 3 min+/-16 min vs. 1 h 36 min+/-19 min, p<0.01), immediate post-procedural pain (2.43+/-1.80 vs. 3.14+/-2.07, p<0.05), and post-procedure days until ambulation (3.95+/-1.13 days vs. 6.17+/-1.34 days, p<0.01), group M was significantly lower than group C. There was no significant difference in total hospitalization period (14.71+/-7.05 days vs. 13.86+/-3.7 days). CONCLUSION: Our modified PD catheter insertion method shows its advantages in early complication rate, early complications revision rate, and the patients' conveniences.