Status of neurodevelopmental impairments among children using rapid neurodevelopmental assessment attending a tertiary care hospital

Background: Developmental and childhood neuropsychiatric disorders have a large burden throughout the world, including the developing countries. Many children with clinically identifiable developmental problems present late for medical help due to lack of simple measures for their early recognition. These missed opportunities increase the level of dependence and disability of an individual and decrease the productivity of the community at large. So simple measures are needed to determine NDIs at an early age where professional expertise is sparse. Authors objective was to estimate the proportion of children having NDIs in a tertiary care hospital, and to estimate the specific types of NDIs, and their grades of severity, within the study population.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh and the duration of the study was six months. Children aged 0-2 years who were attending Pediatric OPD were included in the study. Sample was collected by lottery method and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A two-stage design was followed for detection of NDIs. Stage I was consisted of screening of all children in the sample by Development Screening Questionnaire (DSQ). Stage II consisted of neurodevelopmental assessment using a validated RNDA method of evaluation of all children with DSQ positive screening result.Results: 7.26% children were found to have DSQ positive for NDIs. Cognition and speech was the mostly affected domain. By RNDA, NDIs were found in all DSQ positive cases. Severe impairment was 35.29% of the affected children in speech by RNDA. Detection of NDIs was more in gross motor (52.94% vs 35.29%), fine motor (94.18% vs 17.65%), speech (76.47% vs 64.71%), cognition (94.18% vs 64.71%), behavior (58.82% vs 5.89%) respectively by RNDA than the DSQ.Conclusions: The frequency of NDIs is 7.26% of all children. In certain developmental domain (i.e. gross motor, fine motor, cognition, speech, behavior) RNDA is more effective than DSQ as found in the small-scale study.

Clinical Application of Neurodevelopmental Assessment for Infants and Toddlers

Early detection and intervention is critical in improving prognosis of developmental disorders. Developmental delay can have many different causes and the clinical features of developmental delay are diverse according to its etiologic causes and severity. The vast and rapid growth of the child's neurobehavioral repertoire from birth through adolescence requires the physician's abundant experience, knowledge, and understanding of development. Here, we summarize instruments for use in neurodevelopmental assessment of infants and toddlers, focusing on motor development, which is the most frequent complaint listed in the developmental clinic.

Multiple Congenital Melanocytic Nevi Associated with Developmental Delay / 대한피부과학회지

Multiple congenital melanocytic nevi (MCMN), defined as the distribution of more than three small- or medium- sized congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) on the body without a giant CMN, is a rare disease comprising about 4% of patients with CMN. Because MCMN accompanies neurodevelopmental delay, including seizures in 25% of patients as well as the risk of malignant melanoma, it must be carefully followed-up. We report a case of MCMN with developmental delay in a 19-month-old Korean boy. He had a history of febrile seizure when he was 18 months old. He showed a speech delay after the 1-year-follow up, even though there was no evidence of neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the first visit. As MRI has a low sensitivity for detecting NCM in patients with MCMN older than 4-months, close neurodevelopmental assessments should be considered to provide a chance for early rehabilitation.

Neurodevelopmental Assessment Way in Infant / 实用儿科临床杂志

Infant neurodevelopmental assessment is a basic method of estimated high risk infant early development outcome.The early individualized neurodevelopmental assessment consist of monthly observations and evaluations of the infants' behavior modulation,motor repertoire which includes non functional and functional motor,autonomic system stability and muscle tensility,etc.The aims of early neurodevelopmental assessment are to discover the brain developmental abnormal and brain injure induced by various risk factors.Basis of the characteristics of which early brain development have better plasticity,administed early intervention and training,which can intervent neurodevelopmental problems such as cerebral palsy and developmental delay.By developmental assessment also make infant' parents to understand their children' ability and mental specialty,being help for infants' nursing,caring and early education.The applied of neurodevelopmental assessment can provide a new way and idea for infant' early development and intervention.