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SUMMARY Objective: Postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND) plays an important role in the management of advanced germ cell testicular tumors. Bilateral template lymph node dissection is considered a standard treatment in postchemotherapy residual masses; however, modified unilateral templates have gained acceptance in patients with unilateral residual disease. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the perioperative and oncological outcomes of the patients with advanced testicular cancer who underwent unilateral modified template PC-RPLND in our center. Methods: This is a retrospective study in which patients who underwent PC-RPLND in a referred center between 2004 and 2021 were investigated. All patients had three or four cycles of chemotherapy and retroperitoneal residual masses. Data were retrospectively collected from medical, operative, radiology, and pathology records and analyzed. Results: A total of 57 patients underwent PC-RPLND. The mean age was 32.7±8.1 years (19-50). According to the disease stage at presentation, there were 39 patients with stage 2 and 18 patients with stage 3. The average tumor size after chemotherapy was 57.6±2.7 mm (25-117). The overall complication rate was 35% (20/57 patients). No grade 4 and 5 complications were observed. Pathologic review demonstrated the presence of teratoma in 28 (49.1%) patients, fibrosis and/or necrosis in 15 (26.3%) patients, and viable germ cell tumor in 14 (24.5%) patients. The mean follow-up was 69.4 months (8-201). During follow-up after surgery, 14 (24.5%) deaths occurred due to advanced disease. Conclusion: PC-RPLND is a major component of the management of advanced testicular germ cell cancer. Our study demonstrated that modified unilateral template is an effective and safe procedure in the postchemotherapy setting for selected patients.
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PURPOSE: Patients with non-seminoma testicular cancer (NSTC) cancer can be subfertile or infertile, and present reduced sperm quality, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the sperm proteome of patients with NSTC, who cryopreserved their sperm before starting cancer treatment, with that from healthy fertile men.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen volume, sperm motility and sperm concentration were evaluated before the cryopreservation of samples from patients with NSTC (n=15) and the control group (n=15). Sperm proteomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the two groups were identified using bioinformatic tools.RESULTS: A total of 189 DEPs was identified in the dataset, from which five DEPs related to sperm function and fertilization were selected for validation by Western blot. We were able to validate the underexpression of the mitochondrial complex subunits NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S1 (NDUFS1) and ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase core protein 2 (UQCRC2), as well as the underexpression of the testis-specific sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 (ATP1A4) in the NSTC group.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that sperm mitochondrial dysfunction may explain the observed decrease in sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile count in NSTC patients. The identified DEPs may serve as potential biomarkers for the pathophysiology of subfertility/infertility in patients with NSTC. Our study also associates the reduced fertilizing ability of NSTC patients with the dysregulation of important sperm molecular mechanisms.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to analyze the characteristics and the evolution of patients with testicular germ cell tumors. METHODS: We analyzed 29 patients: 14 seminomas and 15 non-seminomas. All of them underwent orquiectomy. Patients with seminomas stage II and III received adjuvant treatment with raditherapy, and those with non-seminomas stage II and III received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by lymphadenectomy. Mean followup for seminomas was 56 months and for non-seminomas it was 40 months. RESULTS: The most common complain was an increase in testis volume (57%) and pain (30%). The mean age in seminomas was 41.2 years and in non-seminomas it was 29.2 years. Previous criptorquidy was refered by 28.5% of patients with seminomas and 15.5% with non-seminomas. The respective proportions of stages I, II and III were 79%, 14% and 7% in seminomas, and 40%, 27% and 33% in non-seminomas. Patients with seminomas did not show serum rise of alfa-fetoprotein or b-HCG while those with non-seminomas such tumor markes were elevated respectively in 46.6% and 33.3% of the sample. Disease specific death occurred in 1 patient with seminoma and in 3 with non-seminoma tumor, but survival curves were similar for both groups. CONCLUSION: In spite of the earlier treatment of criptorquidy such an antecedent stand as an important risk factor for the development of testicular germ cell tumor. Even though non-seminomas presents with higher stages the survival curves are similar for both groups of tumors. Analyze 29 patients that were submitted to orquiectomy (14 seminomas e 15 non seminomas), concerning their age, signs and symptoms, risk factors, clinical staging, tumor markers follow up and survival rates. RESULTS: There was no statistically difference in survival rates of patients with seminomas and non-seminomas tumors.
OBJETIVO: Investigar as características e a evolução de homens adultos portadores de tumores germinativos do testículo. MÉTODOS: Estudamos as características e a evolução 29 pacientes tratados (14 seminomas e 15 não seminomas). O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 56 meses para os seminomas e de 40 meses para os não seminomatosos. Todos foram submetidos a orquiectomia. Nos estádios II e III associou-se radioterapia para os seminomas, e quimioterapia e linfadenectomia para os não seminomatosos. RESULTADOS: As queixas mais freqüentes foram aumento de volume testicular (57%) e dor (30%). Nos seminomas a idade média foi de 41,2 anos e nos não seminomas foi de 29,2 anos. Antecedente de criptorquidia foi assinalada em 28,5% dos seminomas e em 15,5% dos não seminomatosos. As proporções respectivas de estádios I, II e III foram de 79%, 14% e 7% em seminomas, e 40%, 27% e 33% em não seminomas. Os seminomas não provocaram elevação dos marcadores AFP ou b-HCG enquanto os não seminomatosos elevaram esses marcadores respectivamente em 46,6% e 33,3% dos casos. Morte pela doença ocorreu em 1 caso de seminoma e 3 de não seminomas, mas não houve diferença na sobrevida entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: A criptorquidia continua sendo um fator predisponente importante na etiologia dos tumores germinativos. Apesar dos tumores não seminomatosos se apresentarem em estádios mais avançados a sobrevida dos pacientes não difere da apresentada pelos portadores de seminomas.