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Introduction: Periodontal pathology has become amomentous concern of public health due to its increasingprevalence in adults around the globe. Study was aimed tocompare serum IL-12 p-70 levels in preeclampted and nonpreeclamptic women and to observe serum IL-12 p-70 levelsin preeclamptic with and without chronic periodontitis.Material and methods: It was a Longitudinal Cohort Study.The sampled population belonged to Narowal District ofPunjab, Pakistan. Duration of the study was from June 2016to February 2018. All pregnant subjects’ aged in-between18-34 years were participated though convenience samplingand consented. Out of total 73 subjects, 33 were with healthyperiodontium (6 preeclamptic and 27 normotensives) and40 were with chronic periodontitis (6 preeclamptics and 34normotensives). Sampling was performed in two phases; Firstwhen all subjects were in 2nd trimester and second when allwere in postpartum period. Periodontal status was assessed byCPITN (Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Need)probing technique and for preeclampsia, monthly bloodpressure profile of each participant was taken by her doctor.Serum estimation of IL-12 p-70 was confirmed throughsandwich ELIZA technique. Microsoft Excel and Minitabwere used for data analysis.Results: Normotensives with healthy periodontium showed17.4% high serum IL-12 p70 (pg/ml) in antepartum thanpostpartum. Similarly preeclamptics with healthy periodontiumexhibited 13.4% high serum IL-12 p70 in antepartum thanpostpartum. While normotensives with periodontitis displayed10% high serum IL-12 p70 in postpartum than antepartum.Preeclamptics with periodontitis exhibited 17.4% high serumIL-12 p70 in postpartum than antepartum.Conclusion: Preeclampsia and chronic periodontitisboth decrease serum IL-12 p-70 levels in antepartum andpuerperium.
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Background:Hypertension has direct effect on abdominal aortic diameter. Some of its manifestations are aortic aneurysm and dissection. Aims: To compare the AAD among adult normotensive and hypertensive subjects as well as correlating with age, sex and blood pressure. Materials and Methods: Participants will be randomly selected from hypertensives attending Cardiology Clinic, in University of Nigeria teaching hospital (UNTH) Enugu,Nigeria. Controls will be apparently healthy normotensive volunteers. Participants’ demographics, weight, height and blood pressure will be documented. Ultrasound measurements of infrarenal AAD will be taken at 2 cm below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. Data will be statistically analyzed and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 will be considered significant. Results:300 participants: comprising of 150 normotensives and 150 hypertensives were studied. The mean values for AAD in normotensive males and females were 16.66 ± 2.04 mm and 15.36 ± 1.97 mm respectively. Whereas the values for hypertensives, changed to 18.89 ± 2.64 mm and 16.57 ± 2.54 mm respectively. The AAD showed a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure (r2= 0.317, P ≤ 0.001) but not with diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Abdominal aortic diameter was significantly larger among hypertensives than normotensives. The diameter increased with age in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects
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Background: Intra cerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10-15% of all cases of stroke and is associated with highest mortality rate, with only 38% of affected patients surviving the first year. Materials and methods: All cases of cerebro vascular accident (CVA) presented to Gandhi Hospital, Musheerabad, were considered, and the cases of CVA with intra cerebral hemorrhage evidenced by lumbar puncture and CT scan brain were prospectively studied at Department of Medicine, Gandhi Hospital Muheerabad, between May 2002 and April 2004. Results: Out of 63 cases, 22 cases were with non-diabetic normotensive, and non-risk factors; and 41 cases were with non-diabetic hypertension; two groups of cases were studied separately and the comparison was made. Total number of 254 Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA) cases was presented to Gandhi Hospital, Musheerabad. Cerebral thrombosis were 171, Cerebral embolism were 20, and intra cerebral hemorrhage were 63. Out of 63 intra cerebral hemorrhage cases, 41 were hypertensive and 22 were normotensive. Out of 41 hypertensive patients, 23 died and 18 survived; out of 22 normotensive patients, 3 died and 19 survived. All cases were given broad spectrum antibiotic (inj. Ampicillin 500 mg IV 6th hourly, Inj. Flagyl 500 mg IV 8th hourly and Inj. Gentamycin 80 mg IV 12th hourly), Inj. Mannitol 100 mg IV 8th hourly, tablet Nimodipin 30 mg 8th hourly, proper care was taken and appropriate physiotherapy was given. Conclusion: It is useful to identify the risk factors for intra cerebral hemorrhage in normotensives, because the cause was identified in 5 cases, 4 cases with aneurysm, one case with arterio venous E. A. Ashok Kumar, P. Jijiya Bai. A clinical study of cerebral hemorrhage in non-diabetic normotensives vs non–diabetic hypertensives and the role of nimodipin. IAIM, 2016; 3(7): 93-114. Page 94 malformations (AVM’s) and most of the cases who belong to 5th and 6th decade, the cause for intra cerebral hemorrhage was not known. Nimodipin was used in all the cases as initial medical treatment, with good results, when compared to 50% mortality in other studies where Nimodipin was not given.
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Background: The aim of the study was to study pre and post prandial BP recordings in normotensives and hypertensives on treatment above the age of 18 years. Methods: The study will be conducted on 50 normotensives and 50 hypertensives on treatment admitted to our hospital over a period of 3 months. The patients are randomly selected and the details of duration and antihypertensive are noted. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure is measured in supine position of the right arm using digital electronic blood pressure monitor. BP recordings are taken 30 min before and 30 min after meals. Then fall in BP is recorded. Results: From this study we found that the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure is higher in hypertensives than normotensive patients. The study was statistically significant which was found by paired t test. The post prandial fall in BP was significantly higher in hypertensives than normotensive patients. Probably hypertensives had reduced cardiac sympathetic tone which caused postprandial hypotension more than normotensive patients. Conclusions: Apart from pharmacological treatment, poor housing condition and illiteracy of the parents of these patients need to be addressed.
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Background: There is a strong relationship between hypertension and dyslipidaemia, and both can increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of One hundred and eighty (180) participants were recruited for this study; out of which, there was one hundred and fifty (150) hypertensive patients and thirty (30) control subjects that were age- and socio-economically matched with the hypertensive patients. Lipid profile test was carried out for them using standard laboratory techniques. Results: Fifty-four percent (n=69) of the hypertensive patients were females; majority of the female hypertensive patients were within the age bracket of 50-59years (45.7%) while majority of the male hypertensive patients were within the age bracket of 40-49 years (53.6%). With the exception of HDL-cholesterol values which were comparable with the Normotensive controls, the hypertensive patients had significantly higher lipid profiles (triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol). There was positive correlation between total cholesterol, triglycerides (0.399, p<0.05), LDL-cholesterol (r=0.609, p<0.05) and HDL-cholesterol (r=0.866, p<0.05) among the hypertensive patients, also, HDL-cholesterol positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol (r=0.218, p<0.05) but in the normotensive patients, LDL-cholesterol negatively correlated with triglyceride (r=-0.409, p<0.05) and positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.876, p<0.05). Conclusion: Hypertensive Nigerians have significantly higher lipid profile except the HDL-cholesterol which is comparable in both hypertensive and Normotensive Nigerians. This shows that the dyslipidaemia in hypertensive Nigerians majorly involve plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol.