RESUMO
Malignant tumors, whose occurrence and development are related to a variety of RNA transporter proteins, seriously affect human health and quality of life. Under normal circumstances, RNA transport proteins help RNA shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and their precise localization, effectively coupling the life activities in the nucleus and cytoplasm. During the process of tumorigenesis and progression, the expression and localization of some RNA transporters are abnormal or dysfunctional, which can change the subcellular localization, expression level, transport efficiency of downstream key RNA molecules, and the decay rate of cytoplasmic mRNA, and affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This paper mainly reviews RNA transport proteins and their expression changes and regulation in tumors.
RESUMO
Malignant tumors, whose occurrence and development are related to a variety of RNA transporter proteins, seriously affect human health and quality of life. Under normal circumstances, RNA transport proteins help RNA shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and their precise localization, effectively coupling the life activities in the nucleus and cytoplasm. During the process of tumorigenesis and progression, the expression and localization of some RNA transporters are abnormal or dysfunctional, which can change the subcellular localization, expression level, transport efficiency of downstream key RNA molecules, and the decay rate of cytoplasmic mRNA, and affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This paper mainly reviews RNA transport proteins and their expression changes and regulation in tumors.
RESUMO
Transportation between the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm is critical for many physiological and pathophysiological processes including gene expression, signal transduction, and oncogenesis. So, the molecular mechanism for the transportation needs to be studied not only to understand cell physiological processes but also to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Recent progress in the research of the nuclear transportation (import and export) via nuclear pore complex and four important factors affecting nuclear transport (nucleoporins, Ran, karyopherins, and nuclear localization signals/nuclear export signals) will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical significance of nuclear transport and its application will be reviewed. This review will provide some critical insight for the molecular design of therapeutics which need to be targeted inside the nucleus.