Interação equipe de enfermagem, família, e criança hospitalizada: revisão integrativa / Nursing team, family and hospitalized child interaction: an integrative review

Resumo Este estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma revisão integrativa de artigos científicos, referentes à produção nacional e internacional, sobre interação equipe de enfermagem, família, e criança hospitalizada. Foram realizadas consultas nas bases de dados Bireme, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS, Psyc Info, Science Direct, e Web of Science (2008-2013), o que permitiu identificar 31 artigos, os quais são representados pelos seguintes eixos temáticos: Relação interpessoal, Comunicação e Cuidado. O estabelecimento de relações interpessoais, de maneira técnica e formal, ocasiona dificuldades na comunicação e nas ações destinadas ao cuidado. O cuidado foi o tema predominante nestas pesquisas, acompanhantes reivindicam dos profissionais de saúde uma atenção ampliada às necessidades da criança e da família, e maior envolvimento de todos no processo de cuidado. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade da equipe de saúde reconhecer a dinâmica vivenciada pela díade (criança/acompanhante), para que possibilite desenvolver a atenção integral que favoreça a inclusão da família e da criança por meio de estratégias de humanização.

Abstract This study aims to present an integrative review of national and international scientific papers on nursing team, family, and hospitalized child interaction. Searches have been made to Bireme, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS, Psyc Info, Science Direct and Web of Science (2008-2013) databases, which allowed us to identify 31 papers represented by the following themes: Interpersonal relationship, Communication and Care. The establishment of interpersonal relationships in a technical and formal way causes difficulty in communication and in the actions aimed at providing care. Care has been the main theme in these researches. Companions demand increased attention to child and family needs from health professionals, and greater involvement of everyone in the process of care. Results suggest that health care teams need to recognize the dynamic experienced by the dyad (child/companion) in order to develop comprehensive care, encouraging family and child inclusion through humanization strategies.

Determinación de las concentraciones de proteínas, hidratos de carbono y grasas en leche de madres en relactancia / Determination of the concentrations of proteins, carbohydrates and fat in milk of mothers in relactation

Estudio prospectivo y comparativo, realizado con el objetivo de determinar las concentraciones de grasas, proteínas y carbohidratos de la leche de 20 madres en relactancia y 20 madres con lactancia exclusiva, de niños hospitalizados en el Servicio de Emergencia Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, Venezuela, entre Septiembre 2006 y Septiembre 2007. En la leche de las madres en relactancia la concentración de grasas fue de 3,6±1,5 g/dl y en las del grupo control de 5,5±1,0 g/dl, estadísticamente significativo (p = 0,0001). La concentración de carbohidratos en la leche de madres en relactancia fue de 6,4±1,7 g/dl y de 5,7±0,8 g/dl en la del grupo control, estadísticamente significativo (p = 0,0001). La concentración de proteínas en la leche de madres en relactancia fue de 2,1±1,2 g/dl y de 2,4±0,3 g/dl en la leche del grupo control, estadísticamente no significativo (p>0,05). La leche de las madres en relactancia tuvo un valor calórico de 66,7±17,8 cal/dl y la de las madres del grupo control 83,2±9,4 siendo estadísticamente significativo (p = 0,0001). En conclusión, en este estudio se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la concentración de grasas, carbohidratos y valor calórico en la leche de madres en relactancia y en lactancia exclusiva.

In a prospective, randomized and comparative trial the milk of 40 lactating mothers of hospitalized children at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital in Maracaibo, Venezuela was analyzed in a year period. They were divided in two groups of 20 mothers each: Group A, mothers in a relactation situation, and Group B (Control): Exclusive breastfeeding. Both types of milk were analyzed in a blind fashion to determine fat, proteins and carbohydrates. Results show that fat concentration (g/dL) was significantly more concentrated in Group B than in A, from 3.6 ±1.5 to 5.5 ±1.0 (p < 0.001), while in contrast, the carbohydrates concentration (g/dL) was decreased from 6.4 ± 5.7 to 5.7 ± 0.8 (p < 0.001). Moreover, proteins concentration (g/dL) was not significantly modified, since in group A it was 2.1 ± 1.2 as compared to group B (2.4 ± 0.3.) Caloric value was also significantly decreased from the control value of 83.2 ± 9.4 to 66.7 ± 17.8 in the relactation group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, it a clear difference between the two types of milk in this study.