Absorbable versus Non-Absorbable Sutures in Paediatric Facial Trauma - A Cosmetic Assessment

Paediatric age group is most vulnerable to trauma. Children often suffer facial injuries. Though many topical skin adhesives and strips are available in the market which have given excellent cosmetic results, deeper injuries especially along the lines of high tension need suturing both with buried and skin sutures. Different variety of sutures are available in the market which are used as per the choice of the surgeon. Children are more apprehensive when it comes to suture removal. So use of absorbable sutures in place of non-absorbable sutures in skin can save the children from this fear factor. MethodsA prospective study was done in the department of plastic surgery from May 2012 to Dec. 2013 with an objective of studying the outcome of plain catgut suture as skin sutures versus non-absorbable skin suture Nylon in facial trauma in the paediatric age group. Chromic catgut was used as buried suture in both groups. All the patients presenting in emergency department with facial trauma with age 10 years or less were included in the study. Skin sutures, where needed removal, were removed on 5th post-operative day followed by follow up on 7th post-operative day, 3rd month and 8th month during which cosmetic assessment of scar was done. 25 patients who presented first in emergency and fulfilled the study criteria were sutured with 5 - 0 chromic catgut buried sutures and skin suture used was 6 - 0 Nylon and this group was labelled group A. Next 25 patients who presented in emergency for suturing were sutured with 5 - 0 chromic catgut as buried and plain catgut as skin suture. This group was labelled as Group B. Cosmetic outcome was assessed on 7th post-operative day, 3rd month and 8th month by using Beusang E cosmetic scar assessment scale based on two parameters which included colour and texture of scar.1 Statistical analysis was done with continuous variables expressed as Mean ± S.D. and categorical variables were expressed as count (percentage). Chi-square was used to compare the categorical variables between groups or Fisher exact test was used. ResultsOn 7th post-operative day follow up, out of 50 patients, 25 patients (50 %) in whom nylon was used as skin suture, 4 patients (16 %) had mismatch of colour. All scars were smooth in texture. In rest 25 patients (50 %) in whom plain catgut was used as a skin suture, 1 (4 %) patient had mismatch of the colour. None of the patients had frank pus in both groups & hypertrophic scar was seen in one patient. On 3rd month follow up, Group A patients with nylon as skin suture, 1 (4 %) patient showed hypertrophic scar whereas in Group B (8 %) patients had hypertrophic scar. On 8th month follow up, both group A & B had colour mismatch of 12% with firm texture of scar in 8% patients. ConclusionsThere is no long-term differences in cosmetic outcomes and complication rates between absorbable catgut suture and commonly used nylon sutures in the repair of facial trauma in paediatric age groups. So, absorbable sutures are acceptable alternative to non-absorbable suture especially in paediatric age group, keeping in mind their apprehensive nature and fear of suture removal.

Efecto de gas de formalina sobre el recuento de mesófilos en nailon comercial destinado a procedimientos quirúrgicos / Effect of formaline gas on the counting of mesophiles in commercial nylon destined to surgical procedures

RESUMEN La investigación se realizó a fin de evaluar el efecto del gas de formalina sobre el recuento de mesófilos en nailon comercial (poliamida) destinado a procedimientos quirúrgicos. En primer lugar, se evaluó la contaminación de una muestra del material comercial de 1 g expuesta al ambiente de quirófano por 72 horas, a través de la técnica de recuento en placa para mesófilos; se obtuvieron 850 UFC/g. Una vez comprobada la contaminación de la poliamida comercial, esta se sometió a gases de formalina en comprimidos. Se colocaron 5 muestras (n=5) de nailon de 1 g cada una en 5 recipientes herméticos de 1 litro con 1 gramo de formalina cada uno; estos recipientes se almacenaron en un mueble en sala de esterilización a un metro de altura del piso y posteriormente, fueron abiertos y cultivados a través de la técnica de recuento en placa para mesófilos, uno por día a lo largo de 5 días a intervalos de 24 horas. Los resultados obtenidos no registraron crecimientos de microorganismos a partir de las 24 horas y durante los 5 días posteriores y se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05). Se concluye que bajo las condiciones del presente estudio el tiempo de esterilización de la formalina sobre nailon comercial es de 24 horas.

ABSTRACT Hie present research work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the effect of formalin gas on the count of mesophiles in commercial nylon (polyamide) destined to surgical procedures. Firstly, the contamination of a 1 g commercial nylon sample, exposed to the operating room environment for 72 hours, was evaluated through the plate counting technique for mesophiles; it yielded a result of 850 CFU / gram. Once the contamination of the commercial polyamide was checked, it was subjected to formalin gases in tablets. Five nylon samples (n=5) of 1 gram each were placed in 5 1 liter airtight containers containing 1 gram of formalin; Hese containers were stored in a cabinet in the sterilization room one meter above the floor, and later opened and cultivated through the plate counting technique for mesophiles, one per day for 5 days at 24 hour intervals. The results obtained after being exposed to formalin gases in tablets did not register growths of microorganisms after 24 hours and during the 5 days after the study, finding statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in relation to the studied times concluding under the conditions of the present study that the sterilization time of the formalin on commercial nylon is equal to 24 hours.

Evaluation Of A New Technique For Supporting Anatomical Museum Specimens: A Comparative Study

Background: Museum specimens for anatomical and pathological studies are commonly mounted for display inKaiserling’s solution-filled jar. The present study was designed to demonstrate and compare a new method ofsupporting museum specimens in a jar known as Plastic pole method (PPM) with previous methods [Nylon tread(NTM) and Plastic bottle methods (PBM)].Materials and Methods: Two specimens for mounting were obtained from the Teaching Laboratory of theDepartment of Anatomy, UNEC. The specimens were bisected and each half was supported using either of 3mounting methods (PPM, NTM, and PBM) in museum jars using the standard Kaiserling’s technique. The mountedspecimens were exhibited to fifty (50) participants (10 staff and 40 students) of the Department of MedicalLaboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered for evaluation of the exhibitsunder the following criteria: clarity, multi-viewing points, stability of the specimen on its support materials,transparency of the museum mounts, and aesthetic outlook. The quality index of each method was determinedfrom the scores of the participants. Data obtained were statistically analysed and p values <0.05 were consideredsignificant.Results: Quality index scores of 86.82%, 69.76%, and 77.76%, for PPM, NTM, and PBM respectively. On claritybasis, PBM had the highest score of 212, while NTM had the lowest score of 172. PPM had the best scores for allother criteria.Conclusion: The novel method demonstrated in the present study (Plastic pole method) is readily available, easyand effective for learning. Thus, it appears to be a promising technique for the mounting of anatomic pathologicalspecimens in a medical museum

Treatment of 16 cases of skin defect by stretch regeneration according to law of tension stress / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of stretch regeneration according to law of tension stress for skin defects.Methods We reviewed the 16 patients with skin defect who had been treated at Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital,Guangxi Medical University by skin traction band made of a sterile blood transfusion apparatus and sterile nylon strips from March 2016 to July 2017.They were 12 males and 4 females,aged from 7 to 68 years (average,33 years).The areas of their skin defects ranged from 6 cm × 3 cm to 20 cm × 5 cm.After thorough debridement,a simple skin traction band made of a sterile blood transfusion apparatus and a number of aseptic nylon strips was placed on both margins of the wound,1 cm apart from the margin.The distances between wound holes ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 cm.The simple tension band was installed along the wound margins.After operation,the skin traction band was gradually tightened,according to the tension,blood supply to the skin margins and feeling of the distal end of the affected limb,to close the wound until interrupted suture of the skin was conducted.Results The wounds were closed by interrupted suture directly after application of the skin traction band in 13 of the 16 patients.The wounds were repaired by secondary vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) and skin graft in 2 cases with foot avulsed injury and infection in whom the traction band was pulled out along the wound skin margins.Skin graft was applied in one case with massive forearm skin defect and infection after the traction band failed.Follow-ups from 3 to 19 months revealed that application of the skin traction band led to linear scar healing,soft scar,little pigmentation,no tickle,no adjacent joint dysfunction due to skin contracture and normal pain sensation in most of the patients.Conclusion Stretch regeneration according to law of tension stress is an effective,simple and economical treatment of skin defects,deserving popularization.

Extraction of DNA from Sperm Cells in Mixed Stain by Nylon Membrane Bushing Separation Technique / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish a novel method for the separation of sperm cells in mixed stain, and to evaluate its application value.@*METHODS@#Totally 40 mixed stain samples were collected from sexual assault cases. Sperm cells were separated by the conventional differential lysis method and the nylon membrane bushing separation technique, respectively. The DNA of sperm cells was extracted with the silicon membrane kit （Forensic DNA Extraction Kit for Soft Tissues）. The PCR amplification was performed using AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler® Plus kit, and the products were electrophoresed by 3500xL genetic analyser. The results of two separation methods were then compared.@*RESULTS@#Complete and single-source male STR genotypes could be obtained from all the 40 mixed stain samples except three samples with minimal residual of female DNA by the nylon membrane bushing separation technique. The STR genotypes of sperm cells could not be detected in 25 samples, which were obtained in 15 samples （seven were of incomplete male STR genotypes, six with residual of female DNA, two were complete and single-source STR genotypes of sperm cells）.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The nylon membrane bushing separation technique developed in present study can be used in the separation of sperm cells in mixed stain, especially for the extraction of a small amount of sperm from a large quantity of female cells, which is inexpensive, rapid and simple.

Clinical application of purse?string suture on the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of purse-string suture on the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding. Methods Data of 42 patients with peptic ulcer bleeding treated by purse-string suture with hexiejia combined with endoloop in Dongguan Tung Wah Hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The immediate hemostasis rate, effective hemostasis rate, additional surgery rate, recurrence rate in two weeks and mortality were analyzed. Results Among 20 cases with active bleeding during operation, 19 were immediately arrested, and 1 case of failure was diagnosed as marginal ulcer after gastric resection. The overall effective hemostasis rate was 97. 6%(41/42), additional surgery rate was only 2. 4%( 1/42). The vital signs of 41 patients with successful endoscopic hemostasis were stable after operation, and no fever, hematemesis, black stool or other symptoms occurred. No recurrence of bleeding or death occurred within two weeks. The ulcers were healed well in follow-up of one month. Conclusion Endoscopic purse-string suture is a safe and feasible method for treatment of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.

Clinical evaluation of toothbrushing effects of the manual toothbrush with the bristles made of 3 different materials / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To compare the effects of ordinary nylon toothbrush,bamboo fiber toothbrush and silicone rubber toothbrush. Methods: 30 and 156 college students were respectively included by the enrolment criterion and were respectively divided into 3 groups. Tooth brushes with the same specification and with the 3 materials were respectively used in the 3 goups with the same methods. Plaque index(PI) (n = 10) was examined before and 1 month after use of the brushes; gingival index(GI) was examined(n = 52) before,1 and 3 month after use of the brushes. Results: 1 month after use of the brushes full mouth PI removal rate(n = 10) and GI reduction(n = 52) were not statistically different among the 3 group(between each 2 groups,P＞ 0. 05). 3 months after use of the brushes GI reduction of the silicone rubber toothbrush group was more than that of ordinary nylon toothbrush and bamboo charcoal toothbrush groups(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Plaque removal efficiency of the 3 kinds of toothbrush is similar. The silicone rubber toothbrush is more effective for gigiva health than ordinary nylon toothbrush and bamboo charcoal toothbrush.

Nylon, fibrin glue and Vicryl®- the graft fixation techniques in the conjunctival autotransplant for the treatment of primary pterygium / Nylon, cola de fibrina e Vicryl® - Avaliação da fixação do enxerto no autotransplante conjuntival para tratamento do pterígio primário

Abstract Objective: to compare nylon, fibrin glue and Vicryl® in the conjunctival autograft for treatment of primary pterygium. Methods: Prospective study approved by the Ethics Committee following the Declaration of Helsinki. 89 eyes were underwent pterygium excision and conjunctival autograft. They were grouped according to the technique: fibrin glue, nylon 10-0 and 8-0 Vicryl® and followed up for 3 months. Surgical Time, intra and postoperative symptoms, biomicroscopic signs, ocular discomfort ( by Visual Analogue Scale), aesthetic appearance and recurrences (day 21, 90 and 3 years) were evaluated. Results: The operative time was shorter with the fibrin glue (p<0.001). As to intraoperative symptomatology, burning sensation predominated with Vicryl® (p=0,012). The postoperative symptoms and signs: on day 1- secretion with fibrin glue (p=0.02), foreign body sensation (p=0.017) and subconjunctival hemorrhage (p=0.022) with Vycril®; on day 7- chemosis (p=0.035), hyperemia (p<0.001) and eyelid edema (p=0.011) with Vicryl®; on day 21-foreign body sensation (p=0.001) and conjunctival hyperemia (p<0.001) with nylon; on day 90- dry eye (p=0.005) with Vicryl®. Ocular discomfort was greater with Vycril® (p=0.015) on day 7. Final aesthetic appearance was superior with fibrin glue (p=0.003). The recurrences was greater on day 90: 20,7%(nylon), 10%(fibrin glue) and 19%(Vicryl®) (p=0.496) and after 3 years: 4.8% in NG, 0% in FGG, and 5.3% in VG (p=0.536). Conclusion: Fibrin glue showed efficacy, rapidity, less postoperative discomfort and better final aesthetic appearance. Vicryl® showed significant intraoperative and early postoperative symptoms and obvious signs of inflammation, beside ocular discomfort on day 7. Nylon caused more foreign body sensation and conjunctival hyperemia until its removal. The signs of recurrence were similar among the groups.

Resumo Objetivo: comparar o nylon, a cola de fibrina e o Vicryl® no autotransplante conjuntival para o tratamento do pterígio primário. Métodos: estudo prospectivo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética seguindo a Declaração de Helsinque. 89 olhos foram submetidos à excisão de pterígio e autotransplante conjuntival, agrupados conforme as técnicas: nylon 10-0, cola de fibrina, e Vicryl® 8-0, acompanhados por 3 meses. Tempo cirúrgico, sintomas intra e pós-operatórios, sinais biomicroscópicos, desconforto ocular (Escala Analógica Visual), aspecto estético, recorrências no 21º e 90º dia pós-operatório e aos 3 anos. Resultados: O tempo operatório foi menor com a cola de fibrina e maior com Vicryl® (p<0,001). Sintomatologia intra-operatória: a ardência predominou com Vicryl® (p=0,012). Sintomas e sinais pós-operatórios significativos: no 1º dia, secreção com cola de fibrina (p=0,02), sensação de corpo estranho (p=0,017) e hemorragia subconjuntival (p=0,022) com Vycril®; No 7º dia - quemose (p=0,035), hiperemia (p<0,001) e edema da pálpebra (p=0,011) com Vicryl®; No 21º dia - sensação de corpo estranho (p=0,001) e hiperemia conjuntival (p<0,001) com nylon; No 90º dia - olho seco (p=0,005) com Vicryl®. Desconforto ocular: maior com Vycril® (p=0,015) no 7º dia. Aparência estética final: melhor com a cola (p=0,003). Sinais de recidiva: maior no 90º dia: 20,7%(nylon), 10%(cola) e 19%(Vicryl®) e após 3 anos: 4,8%(nylon), 0%(cola) e 5.3%(Vicryl®) (p=0,536). Conclusão: A cola de fibrina mostrou eficácia, rapidez, menor desconforto pós-operatório e melhor aspecto estético; o Vicryl®, maiores sintomas intraoperatórios, pós-operatórios iniciais e sinais evidentes de inflamação, aliados ao desconforto ocular no 7º dia; o nylon, mais sensação de corpo estranho e hiperemia conjuntival até sua remoção. Os sinais de recidiva foram semelhantes entre os grupos.

Rumen fermentation and digestibility of spent mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) substrate inoculated with Lactobacillus brevis for Hanwoo steers / Fermentación ruminal y digestibilidad de la cama de champiñón (Pleurotus ostreatus) desechada inoculada con Lactobacillus brevis en novillos Hanwoo / Fermentação ruminal e digestibilidade de resíduo de substrato de cogumelo (Pleurotus ostreatus) inoculado com Lactobacillus brevis en novilhos Hanwoo

Abstract Background: Ensiling spent mushroom substrate (SMS) generally increases its nutrient digestibility and quality. Objective: To determine the feed quality and digestibility of SMS from Pleurotus ostreatus (SMSP) inoculated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB: Lactobacillus brevis) in Hanwoo steers. Methods: Ruminal disappearance of SMSP and inoculated SMSP (ISMSP) were evaluated in three rumen-fistulated Hanwoo steers (408 ± 13.0 Kg body weight). Further, three healthy Hanwoo steers (336 ± 69.0 Kg body weight) were randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments (control: 25% straw, 75% concentrates; treatments: 25% straw, 60% concentrates, and 15% of either SMSP or ISMSP) in a 3×3 Latin square design. Results: The chemical composition of the ISMSP diet did not differ from that of the control or the SMSP diets. In the ISMSP diet, the rate of decrease of pH of ruminal fluid and the increase in storage period was greater than with the SMSP diet. Ruminal disappearance of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were slightly higher in steers fed ISMSP than those fed SMSP. Furthermore, the degradation rate and effective degradability of crude protein was greater in the ISMSP diet than in the SMSP diet. Effective ruminal fermentation characteristics and total nutrients digestibility were not affected by SMSP nor ISMSP diet. Conclusion: The SMSP and ISMSP diets could replace formulated concentrate without adverse effects and be a cost-effective feed for Hanwoo steers. Furthermore, LAB inoculation improved the SMSP preservation.

Resumen Antecedentes: El ensilado de cama de champiñón desechada (SMS) generalmente aumenta la digestibilidad y la calidad de sus nutrientes. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad del alimento y digestibilidad del SMS a partir de Pleurotus ostreatus (SMSP) inoculado con bacterias ácido-lácticas (LAB: Lactobacillus brevis) en bueyes Hanwoo. Métodos: La desaparición ruminal del SMSP y ISMSP (SMSP inoculado) fue evaluada en tres bueyes Hanwoo fistulados en el rumen (408 ± 13,0 Kg peso corporal). Igualmente, tres bueyes Hanwoo sanos (336 ± 69,0 Kg peso corporal) fueron asignados al azar a uno de los tres tratamientos dietéticos (control: 25% de heno, 75% de concentrados; tratamientos: 25% de heno, 60% de concentrados y 15% de SMSPo ISMSP) en un diseño cuadrado latino 3×3. Resultados: La composición química de la dieta ISMSP no difirió de la del control o de la dieta SMSP. En la dieta ISMSP, la tasa de disminución del pH del fluido ruminal y el incremento del tiempo de almacenamiento fueron mayores que los de la dieta SMSP. La desaparición ruminal de la materia seca, proteína cruda, fibra detergente neutra y la fibra detergente ácida fue ligeramente superior en los bueyes alimentados con el ISMSPque en aquellos alimentados con SMSP. Además, la tasa de degradación y la degradabilidad efectiva de la proteína cruda fueron mayores en la dieta ISMSPque en la dieta SMSP. Las características de la fermentación ruminal efectiva y la digestibilidad total de nutrientes no fueron afectadas por la dieta SMSP ni por la de ISMSP. Conclusión: Las dietas SMSPe ISMSP podrían reemplazar el concentrado formulado sin efectos adversos y ser una alimentación económica para los bueyes Hanwoo. Además, la inoculación con LAB mejoró la conservación del SMSP.

Resumo Antecedentes: Ensilagem de resíduo de substrato de cogumelo (SMS) geralmente aumenta a digestibilidade e a qualidade dos nutrientes. Objetivo: Determinar a qualidade da alimentação e digestibilidade do RSC apartir do Pleurotus ostreatus (SMSP) inoculado com bactérias de ácido láctico (LAB: Lactobacillus brevis) nos novilhos Hanwoo. Métodos: Desaparecimento ruminal do SMSP e ISMSP (SMSP inoculado) foram avaliados em três novilhos Hanwoo fistulados no rúmen (408 ± 13.0 Kg peso corporal). Além disso, três novilhos Hanwoo (336 ± 69.0 Kg peso corporal) foram aleatoriamente distribuídos para um dos três tratamentos dietéticos (controle: 25% palha, 75% concentrado; tratamentos: 25% palha, 60% concentrado, e 15% ambos SMSP e ISMSP) em um quadrado Latino de 3×3. Resultados: A composição química da dieta ISMSP não diferiu do controle ou das dietas SMSP. Na dieta ISMSP, a taxa de diminuição do pH do fluido ruminal e o aumento no período de armazenamento foram melhores do que com a dieta SMSP. O desaparecimento ruminal de matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, e fibra detergente ácido foi ligeiramente superior em novilhos alimentados com ISMSP, do que aqueles alimentados com SMSP. Além disso, a taxa de degradação e degradabilidade da proteína bruta foi maior na dieta ISMSP, do que na dieta SMSP. As características efetivas de fermentação ruminal e a digestibilidade total de nutrientes não foram afetadas pela dieta SMSP, nem pela dieta ISMSP. Conclusão: Dietas com SMSP e ISMSP podem ser utilizados em substituição ao concentrado formulado sem causar efeitos adversos e ser um alimento rentável em novilhos Hanwoo. Além disso, a inoculação com LAB melhorou a qualidade conservante da SMSP.

Draft genome sequence of a caprolactam degrader bacterium: Pseudomonas taiwanensis strain SJ9

Abstract Pseudomonas taiwanensis strain SJ9 is a caprolactam degrader, isolated from industrial wastewater in South Korea and considered to have the potential for caprolactam bioremediation. The genome of this strain is approximately 6.2 Mb (G + C content, 61.75%) with 6,010 protein-coding sequences (CDS), of which 46% are assigned to recognized functional genes. This draft genome of strain SJ9 will provide insights into the genetic basis of its caprolactam-degradation ability.

Clinical application of cap-assisted endoscopic nylon loop ligation (C-ENLL) on gastric fundus submucosal tumors / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of cap-assisted endoscopic nylon loop ligation (C-ENLL) as a new and simple method on gastric fundus submucosal tumors. Methods 74 cases with small gastric fundus submucosal tumors ≤2.00 cm in diameter were reviewed between January 2015 and June 2016. All cases were treated by C-ENLL. The clinical efficacy was analyzed. Results All the 74 patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography before operation, 70 cases originated from the muscularis propria, 3 cases originated from the muscularis mucosae, 1 case originated from the submucosa. The average diameter of the lesions ranged 0.50 ～ 1.80 cm. C-ENLL achieved an en bloc resection rate of 100.0％, with a mean total procedure time of 26 min. Two patients developed delayed perforation, were treated with nylon rope and metal clip purse suture wound. All of whom were managed successfully. There was no delayed bleeding after operation. Pathological examination showed that 66.2％ (49/74) of the tumors were gastrointestinal stromal tumors. No tumor recurrence was observed during the follow-up. Conclusion The C-ENLL may be a feasible and safe method for the treatment of small gastric fundus submucosal tumors.

Comparison of postoperative serum indexes of colorectal polyps treated by colonoscopy, high frequency snare combined with nylon cord ligation and high frequency electric resection / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the serum index after colonoscopy high-frequency electric snare combined with nylon cord ligation and high-frequency electric resection in treating broad pedicle polyps. Methods 70 cases of broad pedicle polyps patients from July 2012 to May 2016 were chosen as research object. The operation methods and laboratory examination results of all the patients were reviewed. All patients were divided into observation group (n = 37) and control group (n = 33). Patients in observation group were treated by colonoscopy high-frequency electric snare combined with nylon loop ligation, while patients in control group were treated by high-frequency electric resection only. The blood loss and related indexes of the two groups were recorded. Before and after operation, stress hormones and acute phase proteins in serum was determined. Results Intraoperative blood loss of observation group was less than that in control group, postoperative hemoglobin levels was higher than that in control group, postoperative early bleeding rate, postoperative delayed bleeding rate of observation group were lower than that in control group (P < 0.05); 1 hour after surgery, Cor, ACTH, AT II, NE, CRP, SAA, AAT in serum were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Through colonoscopy high-frequency electric snare combined with nylon cord ligation can reduce bleeding during and after surgery, relieve stress and inflammation.

Application of automatic photography in Schistosoma japonicum miracidi-um hatching experiments / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the value of automatic photography in the observation of results of Schistosoma japoni?cum miracidium hatching experiments. Methods Some fresh S. japonicum eggs were added into cow feces,and the samples of feces were divided into a low infested experimental group and a high infested group(40 samples each group). In addition,there was a negative control group with 40 samples of cow feces without S. japonicum eggs. The conventional nylon bag S. japonicum miracidium hatching experiments were performed. The process was observed with the method of flashlight and magnifying glass combined with automatic video(automatic photography method),and,at the same time,with the naked eye observation meth?od. The results were compared. Results In the low infested group,the miracidium positive detection rates were 57.5% and 85.0%by the naked eye observation method and automatic photography method,respectively(χ2=11.723,P 0.05). In the two infested groups,the average positive detection rates were 77.5% and 92.5% by the naked eye observation method and automatic photography method,respectively(χ2 = 6.894,P <0.05). Conclusion The automatic photography can effectively improve the positive detection rate in the S. japonicum miracidi?um hatching experiments.

Clinical Evaluation of Residual Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Released from Two Different Anticalculus Flosses

The aim of this study was to compare the residual content of tetrasodium pyrophosphate released by two different anticalculus dental flosses (Reach PP(r) - entangled polypropylene floss and Reach NT(r) - texturized nylon) in the oral cavity. Ten healthy individuals (aged between 18 and 30 years) were enrolled in this randomized crossover clinical investigation. Participants received instructions on daily dental flossing and the interventions were randomly performed in 2 different groups (NT or PP) of five individuals each according to the dental flosses. Individuals were instructed to use each dental floss with a total of six slides on the two interproximal aspects of target teeth (3 slides on each interproximal aspect). A washout period of one week was used before start flossing interventions and after each type of dental floss to prevent any bias related to the exposure to any product that contained the active ingredient. Samples were collected by #35 sterilized absorbent paper points from interdental fluid after flossing and assessed by ion chromatography. The levels of residual tetrasodium pyrophosphate were evaluated by means of binomial generalized linear model proportions and canonical link function. Both dental flosses were effective in tetrasodium pyrophosphate release at therapeutic levels in the interdental gingival crevicular fluid for a period of up to 2 h after use. No significant differences were found between both groups (p>0.05). It may be concluded that both material composition and physical structure of the new dental floss did not affect the release or the maintenance of anticalculus agent at therapeutic levels for a period of up to 2 h after single use.

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o teor residual de pirofosfato de tetrasodio liberado por dois tipos diferentes de fio dental anti-cálculo (Reach PP(r) - polipropileno entrelaçado e Reach NT(r) - nylon texturizado) na cavidade oral. Dez indivíduos saudáveis (com idade entre 18 e 30 anos) foram selecionados para este estudo clínico em modelo crossover. Os participantes receberam instruções sobre como utilizarem os fios dentais e as intervenções foram randomicamente realizadas em 2 grupos de 5 participantes de acordo com o tipo de fio avaliado. O participantes foram instruídos a passarem cada fio dental em um total de 6 passadas ao redor dos 2 espaços interproximais dos dentes selecionados (3 passadas em cada face interproximal). Um período de washout de 1 semana foi utilizado antes do início do estudo e após cada intervenção com o objetivo de prevenir a ocorrência de viés relacionado à exposição de algum agente terapêutico. Amostras do fluido interdental após as intervenções foram avaliadas por meio de cromatografia de íons. A porcentagem residual de pirofosfato tetrassódico foi verificada empregando-se o método da cromatografia de íons, pela colheita do fluido interdental com cones de papel absorvente esterilizados. Os teores de pirofosfato tetrassódico residual foram comparados para cada fio dental e para cada tempo de colheita do fluido interdental. Não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre os grupos avaliados (p>0,05). Conclui-se que a composição do material e a estrutura física dos fios dentais não exerceram influência na liberação e na permanência do agente anti-tártaro, que permaneceu em níveis terapêuticos por um período de até 2 h após o uso único.

Clinical evaluation of endoscopic ligation with nylon snares for adenoma of the major duodenal papilla / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility, safety, and follow-up results of endoscopic ligation with nylon snares for adenoma of the major duodenal papilla. MethodsTwenty-three patients with adenoma of the major papilla who were treated in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled as subjects. All patients had biliary and pancreatic duct stents placed by endoscopic cholangiopancreatography, followed by complete ligation of tumors with nylon snares. Endoscopic follow-up evaluation of recurrence was performed regularly. ResultsAll patients had biliary and pancreatic duct stents successfully placed and tumors successfully ligated with nylon snares in their first surgery. Endoscopic reexamination at two weeks after surgery showed that tumors were removed in all patients. Postoperative complications, cholangitis and pancreatitis, were found in one (4.3%) and two (8.7%) patients, respectively, and there were no bleeding, perforation, or death. A follow-up of more than one year in all patients showed that two patients had local recurrence of adenoma. ConclusionEndoscopic ligation with nylon snares is a safe and effective approach for treating adenoma of the major duodenal papilla.

Avaliação do uso de uma estrutura de nylon modificada como reforço de prótese totalmente acrílica implantossuportada / Evaluation of a modified nylon structure as fully acrylic graft reinforcement implant

O estudo avalou o comportamento de uma estrutura de nylon experimental com o propósito de ganho na resistência mecânica do material e ainda, na melhor distribuição de forças em toda extensão da prótese ao longo eixo dos implantes diminuindo o risco de fraturas e falhas neste sistema e, consequentemente maior longevidade. Para isso considerou-se próteses do tipo protocolo sem barra metálica, com e sem incorporação de reforço (nylon), variando a extensão da região do cantilever até primeiro molar/ segundo pré-molar (n=6). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos à análise de deformação por extensometria (extensometria s) e carga de 30 kg, e ao teste de carga máxima à fratura na EMIC (1000 kgf, 2 mm/min). Pode-se concluir que a incorporação da estrutura de reforço aumentou os valores de carga máxima independentemente da extensão do cantilever, além de apresentar menores valores de micro deformação ao redor de todos os implantes. As extensões de cantilever em pré-molar (5mm) além de apresentarem os menores valores de micro deformação quando comparadas a extensão em molar (15mm) também mostraram os maiores valores de carga máxima à fratura

The study evaluated the behavior of a new compound of experimental nylon fiber, with the purpose of increasing the mechanical strength of the material and improving the strain distribution to the fullest extent of the prosthesis to the long axis of the implants reducing the risk of fractures and faults in the system and therefore increasing longevity. For this considered protocol type prostheses without metal bar, with and without incorporating reinforcement (nylon), varying the extent of the region of the cantilever to the first molar / second premolar (n = 6). The samples were subjected to analysis by extensometer strain (extensometria ) and load of 30 kg, and the maximum load test to fracture the EMIC (1000 kgf, 2 mm / min). It can be concluded that the incorporation of reinforcing mesh increased maximum load values regardless of the extent of the cantilever, and exhibit lower values microstrain around all implants. The cantilever extensions in premolar (5 mm) in addition of having the smallest microstrain values compared the extent to molar (15mm) also showed the highest maximum load values to fracture

Avaliação do uso de uma estrutura de nylon modificada como reforço de prótese totalmente acrílica implantossuportada / Evaluation of a modified nylon structure as fully acrylic graft reinforcement implant

O estudo avalou o comportamento de uma estrutura de nylon experimental com o propósito de ganho na resistência mecânica do material e ainda, na melhor distribuição de forças em toda extensão da prótese ao longo eixo dos implantes diminuindo o risco de fraturas e falhas neste sistema e, consequentemente maior longevidade. Para isso considerou-se próteses do tipo protocolo sem barra metálica, com e sem incorporação de reforço (nylon), variando a extensão da região do cantilever até primeiro molar/ segundo pré-molar (n=6). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos à análise de deformação por extensometria (extensometria s) e carga de 30 kg, e ao teste de carga máxima à fratura na EMIC (1000 kgf, 2 mm/min). Pode-se concluir que a incorporação da estrutura de reforço aumentou os valores de carga máxima independentemente da extensão do cantilever, além de apresentar menores valores de micro deformação ao redor de todos os implantes. As extensões de cantilever em pré-molar (5mm) além de apresentarem os menores valores de micro deformação quando comparadas a extensão em molar (15mm) também mostraram os maiores valores de carga máxima à fratura.

The study evaluated the behavior of a new compound of experimental nylon fiber, with the purpose of increasing the mechanical strength of the material and improving the strain distribution to the fullest extent of the prosthesis to the long axis of the implants reducing the risk of fractures and faults in the system and therefore increasing longevity. For this considered protocol type prostheses without metal bar, with and without incorporating reinforcement (nylon), varying the extent of the region of the cantilever to the first molar / second premolar (n = 6). The samples were subjected to analysis by extensometer strain (extensometria ) and load of 30 kg, and the maximum load test to fracture the EMIC (1000 kgf, 2 mm / min). It can be concluded that the incorporation of reinforcing mesh increased maximum load values regardless of the extent of the cantilever, and exhibit lower values microstrain around all implants. The cantilever extensions in premolar (5 mm) in addition of having the smallest microstrain values compared the extent to molar (15mm) also showed the highest maximum load values to fracture.

Treatment of colorectal polyps by nylon ligation combined with endoscopic high-frequency electric snare / 中华消化外科杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of nylon ligation combined with endoscopic high-frequency electric snare for the treatment of colorectal polyps.MethodsThe clinical data of 345 patients with colorectal polyps who received the treatment of nylon ligation combined with endoscopic high-frequency electric snare at the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2006 to January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Complications including bleeding and perforation were observed.Postoperative wound healing and local residual recurrence were assessed during follow-up.ResultsA total of 362 colorectal polyps were successfully removed.The mean diameter of the colorectal polyps was 2.7 cm (range,1.5-4.0 cm). Operative bleeding occurred in 1 patient,and perforation in 1 patient.The results of histological examination showed that 93.6％(339/362) colorectal polyps were adenoma,17 were hyperplastic polyps,5 were inflammatory polyps,and caneeration of colorectal polyps in 1 patient was detected.Endoscopic follow-up was completed in 334 patients at the first month after operation,and 9 patients with residual benign colorectal polyps received endoscopic resection.No residue or recurrence was found in the other patients.Endoscopic follow-up was completed in 308 patients at the second months after operation,and no residue or recurrence was found.The overall effective rate was 97.1％ (299/308).ConclusionEndoscopic nylon ligation combined with endoscopic high-frequency electric snare is effective and safe for the treatment of colorectal polyps.

Overdenture with accesspost system: A clinical report.

A patient presented with an unfavorable distribution of teeth in the arch which precluded treatment with a removable partial denture. The unique pattern of partial edentulism was treated with an overdenture restoration using accesspost system. The final restoration was stable, well retained and esthetic, serving as a conservative approach to root preservation.

Assessment of four types of endoscopic ligation in treatment of submucosal tumors in upper gastrointestinal tract / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 4 types of endoscopic nylon ligation in the treatment of submucosal tumors in upper gastrointestinal tract. Methods Those with submucosal tumors located in esophagus, stomach or duodenum were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with endoscopic nylon ligation, which included direct ligation, ligation with a transparent cap, ligation with dual-channel endoscope, and ligation in combination with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).The patients were followed up endoscopically for evaluation of efficacy and safety of the procedures. Results A total of 128 patients were recruited into the present study from June 2006 to December 2008. The tumors were in esophagus in 28 patients, in stomach in 82 and in duodenum in 18. Direct ligation was applied in 3 patients, ligation with a transparent cap in 105, ligation with a dual-channel endoscope in 8, and ligation plus ESD in 12. Endoscopic follow-up was completed in 111 patients. Reduced lesion size was observed in 16 patients ( 14. 4% ), residue nylon in 16 ( 14. 4% ) and no lesion in 71 others (63.9%). The overall effective rate was 92.8%. No delayed perforation or bleeding occurred. Conclusion Endoscopic ligation with nylon thread in combination with other assistant approaches is effective and safe for the treatment of submucosal tumors in upper gastrointestinal tract.