RESUMO
This research aims to determine the prevalence of orthorexic behavior in high school students from private and municipal schools located in Temuco, city Chile. The study had a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. A non-probabilistic approach was used for selecting the sample, which included 205 students divided into 94 females and 111 males ranging from 16 to 18 years of age. The instrument used is called "ORTHO-15". The results indicate that 30.7% of students presented orthorexic behavior, and its prevalence was higher in the municipal school (35.3%) and men (35.1%). Finally the instrument should be applied in wider populations to confirm the presence of this behavior and eventually report its effects.
La presente investigación, tiene por objetivo medir la prevalencia de conducta ortoréxica en estudiantes de Educación Media de un colegio particular pagado y un establecimiento municipal de la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. El tipo de Investigación contempla un diseño no experimental, descriptivo, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra fue seleccionada bajo un criterio no probabilístico, que incluyó a 205 estudiantes, distribuidos en 94 mujeres y 111 varones, que se encontraran en el rango de los 16 a 18 años de edad. El instrumento utilizado se denomina "ORTHO-15". Los resultados indican que 30,7% de los sujetos presentaba conducta ortoréxica, el establecimiento con mayor prevalencia corresponde al municipal (35,3%), y los varones obtienen valores más altos (35,1%) respecto a las mujeres (25,5%). Finalmente se sugiere aplicar el instrumento en otras poblaciones más cuantiosas con la intención de confirmar la presencia de esta conducta y eventualmente informar sobre sus efectos.
Assuntos
Estudantes , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Adolescente , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Dieta Saudável , Comportamento Obsessivo , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common co-morbid condition in schizophrenia. The clinical implications of this co-morbidity are uncertain. Schizo-obsessive patients were more likely to have paranoid symptoms and first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia. Case description: We present a case of 27 yr old man who initially presented with symptoms suggestive of schizophrenia not responding to treatment and who finally responded to addition of paroxetine to antipsychotics. Discussion: Comorbidity of Schizophrenia and OCD though prevalent is not often diagnosed. . The question of whether or not OCD has a deleterious effect on the outcome of schizophrenia has been often asked but never conclusively answered. Conclusion: The clinical issues in this case study highlights the importance of identification and treatment of OCD in schizophrenia. A detailed history is merited in patients especially those not responding adequately to conventional treatment Key message: Schizo obsessive disorder can be detected and treated early to prevent the development of schizophrenia in future.
RESUMO
Through the study of human psychopathology found in complex cases, where in many cases, psychiatric symptoms of various mental disorders closely coexist in the same patient. In the case of schizophrenia and obsessive compulsive disorder has been found a clear association between OCD symptoms and psychotic symptoms which in many cases difficult distinction between obsessions and delusions. For this situation currently observed in recognition than-expected rates of comorbidity and observation of development or exacerbation of obsessive compulsive symptoms during periods of exacerbation of schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia and OCD comorbidity may represent a special category among patients with schizophrenia, it is proposed to call it schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or obsessive, which established more than a clinical challenge, a challenge semiological, trying to identify and accept a new concept of obsessive idea that could involve lack of awareness of disease where the idea is not considered obsessive and excessive. We describe the case of an adult 28 years old who presents initially negative symptoms alternating with positive symptoms characteristic of schizophrenia, obsessive ideas subsequently presenting with compulsive behaviors characteristic of OCD.
Por medio del estudio de la psicopatología humana se han encontrado casos complejos en los que, en muchas ocasiones, los síntomas psiquiátricos de los diferentes trastornos mentales coexisten de manera estrecha en un mismo paciente. En el caso de la esquizofrenia y el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo se ha encontrado una clara asociación entre los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos y síntomas psicóticos, lo que en muchas ocasiones dificulta la delimitación entre ideas obsesivas e ideas delirantes. Por dicha situación actualmente se observa el reconocimiento de tasas mayores a las esperadas de comorbilidad y la aparición o exacerbación de los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos durante periodos de exacerbación de la esquizofrenia. Los pacientes con comorbilidad entre esquizofrenia y TOC pueden representar una categoría especial entre los pacientes con esquizofrenia, por ello se ha propuesto denominarla trastorno esquizo-obsesivo, lo que establecería, más que un reto clínico, un reto semiológico, tratando de determinar y aceptar un nuevo concepto de idea obsesiva que pueda implicar poca conciencia de enfermedad donde no se considere la idea obsesiva como excesiva. Se describe el caso de un adulto de 28 años de edad quien presentó inicialmente síntomas negativos alternados con síntomas positivos, característicos de la esquizofrenia, a lo que se agregaron posteriormente ideas obsesivas con comportamientos compulsivos característicos del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo.