Efectos de la danza en adultos mayores con riesgo de caídas. Revisión exploratoria / Effects of dance in older adults at risk of falls. Exploratory review

Resumen Introducción: Las caídas se consideran un problema de salud pública en los adultos mayores y su abordamiento debería ser multidimensional. La danza surge como una opción de intervención que permite integrar diferentes esquemas en la potenciación del movimiento. Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de la danza a nivel de equilibrio, función motora y actividades de la vida diaria en adultos mayores con riesgo de caer. Métodos: Revisión exploratoria en torno a cuáles son los efectos de la danza en adultos mayores con riesgo de caer para mejor el equilibrio, la marcha, la función motora y las actividades de la vida diaria. Las búsquedas se llevaron a cabo en PubMed, LILACS, Registro Central Cochrane de Ensayos Clínicos Controlados, PEDro, OTSeeker, artículos en texto completo en las diferentes bibliotecas virtuales (ProQuest, Ovid, Ebsco, Science Direct) y búsqueda manual. Resultados: Se encontraron 19 estudios que reportan sesiones de 45 a 60 minutos durante 12 semanas. La danza puede considerarse una intervención segura que disminuye significativamente la intervención de control para equilibrio y marcha en adultos mayores. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este trabajo sustentan que se puede emplear la danza como una opción interventiva en adultos mayores que presentan riesgo de caer.

Abstract Introduction: Falls are considered a public health problem in older adults, and their approach should be multidimensional. Dance emerges as an intervention option that allows different schemes to be integrated in movement enhancement. Objective: To determine the effects of dance on balance, motor function and activities of daily living in older adults at risk of falling. Methods: Exploratory review of the effects of dance in older adults at risk of falling in terms of balance, gait, motor function and activities of daily living. Searches were carried out in PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro, OTSeeker, full text articles were searched in different virtual libraries (ProQuest, Ovid, Ebsco, Science Direct) and manual search was also carried out. Results: Nineteen studies were found, which report sessions of 45 to 60 minutes for 12 weeks. Dance can be considered a safe intervention that significantly decreases control intervention for balance and gait in older adults Conclusions: The results of this work support that dance can be used as an interventional option in older adults at risk of falling.

Allostatic load and canine companionship: a comparative study using biomarkers in older adults / Carga alostática e companhia canina: um estudo comparativo utilizando biomarcadores em idosos / Carga alostática y compañía canina: un estudio comparativo mediante biomarcadores en adultos mayores

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the biomarkers and the allostatic load levels in a sample of older persons with and without canine companionship. Method: descriptive and comparative study. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a fasting blood sample. The allostatic load comprised 11 biomarkers that are primary and secondary stress mediators, which arise from the following systems: neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic, cardiovascular and anthropometric. Results: a significant difference was found in two biomarkers: cortisol (t= -3.091, df=104, p=0.003) and total cholesterol (t= -2.566, df=104, p=0.012), in the allostatic load levels between older adults with and without a canine companionship (U= 1714.00, Z= 2.01, p=0.044). By associating the allostatic load level with the canine companionship, there was a higher frequency of older adults with low allostatic load among those who have canine companion, compared with those who do not have canine companionship. (χ2= 3.69, df=1, p= 0.043). Conclusion: canine companionship influences health in a positive way, as the allostatic load is lower in older adults who have a dog as companion, in addition to presenting lower levels of cortisol and total cholesterol.

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os biomarcadores e o nível de carga alostática em uma amostra de idosos com e sem companhia canina. Método: estudo descritivo e comparativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma ficha sociodemográfica e uma amostra de sangue em jejum. A carga alostática incluiu 11 biomarcadores que são mediadores primários e secundários de estresse, os quais são resultantes dos sistemas: neuroendócrino, imune, metabólico, cardiovascular e antropométrico. Resultados: houve diferença significativa em dois biomarcadores: cortisol (t= -3,091; gl=104; p=0,003) e colesterol total (t= -2,566; gl=104; p=0,012), no nível de carga alostática entre os idosos com e sem companhia canina (U= 1714,00; Z= 2,01; p= 0,044). Ao associar o nível de carga alostática com a companhia canina, houve uma maior frequência de idosos com baixa carga alostática naqueles que têm companhia canina, em comparação com aqueles que não têm a companhia canina (χ2= 3,69; gl=1; p=0,043). Conclusão: a companhia canina interfere na saúde de maneira positiva, pois a carga alostática dos idosos que têm um cão como companhia é menor, além de apresentarem uma concentração menor de cortisol e de colesterol total.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar los biomarcadores y el nivel de carga alostática en una muestra de adultos mayores con y sin acompañamiento canino. Método: estudio descriptivo, comparativo. Los datos se colectaron mediante una ficha sociodemográfica y una muestra de sangre en ayuno. La carga alostática incluyó 11 biomarcadores que son mediadores primarios y secundarios del estrés, los cuales provienen de los sistemas: neuroendocrino, inmune, metabólico, cardiovascular y antropométrico. Resultados: hubo diferencia significativa en dos biomarcadores: cortisol (t=-3.091, gl=104, p=0.003) y colesterol total (t=-2.566, gl=104, p=0.012), en el nivel de carga alostática entre los adultos mayores con y sin compañía canina (U=1714.00, Z=2.01, p=0.044). Al asociar el nivel de carga alostática con la compañía canina, existió mayor frecuencia de adultos mayores con carga alostática baja en quienes son acompañados por un canino, comparado con aquellos que no tienen acompañamiento canino (χ2=3.69, gl=1, p=0.043). Conclusión: el acompañamiento canino interviene en la salud de forma positiva, ya que es menor la carga alostática de los adultos mayores que tienen un perro como compañía, asimismo, presentan menor concentración de cortisol y colesterol total.

Perfil clínico, epidemiológico y valoración geriátrica funcional en el barrio San Miguel de Asunción, Paraguay

Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional caracteriza a las últimas décadas. En Paraguay la población mayor de 60 años constituye el 10%, con edad promedio de 70 años. La funcionalidad geriátrica es la capacidad para realizar independientemente actividades básicas de la vida. Objetivos: determinar perfil clínico epidemiológico y prevalencia de dependencia funcional en adultos mayores del Barrio San Miguel de Asunción, Paraguay. Metodología: estudio observacional,de corte transverso, descriptivo con componente analítico, realizado en adultos mayores de 65 años del Barrio San Miguel, de abril a julio del año 2014. Variables estudiadas: edad, sexo, enfermedades crónicas, síndromes geriátricos y capacidad funcional. Se utilizó el índice de Katz, la escala geriátrica de depresión de Yesavage y expedientes clínicos. Resultados: se encontró 3% de prevalencia de adultos mayores de 65 años. El perfil sociodemográfico correspondió a un adulto mayor con predominio del sexo femenino, edad media de 71,8 años, casado, con escolaridad primaria. La enfermedad crónica con mayor frecuencia fue la HTA. El 79% de los adultos mayores presentan algún síndrome geriátrico, predominando la depresión (43%). El 41% de la población estudiada presenta dependencia funcional en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria. Se encontró asociación significativa entre depresión y funcionalidad básica Conclusión: la enfermedad crónica más prevalente es la hipertensión arterial. La prevalencia de dependencia funcional y de depresión es alta en los adultos mayores.

Introduction: The last decades are characterized by population aging. In Paraguay, the population older than 60 years old represents 10% with an average mean of 70 years. The geriatric functionality is the capacity to perform basic activities of life independently. Objectives: To determine the epidemiological-clinical profile and prevalence of functional dependence in the older adults from San Miguel neighborhood in Asunción, Paraguay. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional observational study with analytical component carried out in adults older than 65 years in San Miguel neighborhood from April to July, 2014. The studied variables were: age, sex, chronic diseases, geriatric syndromes and functional capacity. The Katz index, geriatric depression scale of Yesavage and clinical records were used. Results: There was 3% of prevalence of adults older than 65 years. The socio-demographic profile corresponded to an older adult with predominance of women, mean age of 71.8 years, married and with primary education. The most frequent chronic disease was AHT while 79% of the elderly presented a geriatric syndrome prevailing depression (43%). Forty one percent of the studied population presented functional dependence in the basic activities of daily living. A significant association was found between depression and basic functionality. Conclusion: The most frequent chronic disease was arterial hypertension. The prevalence of functional dependence and depression is high in older adults.

Effects of Individual Reminiscence Therapy on Older Adults' Depression, Morale and Quality of Life / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of individual reminiscence therapy on older adults' depression, morale, and the quality of life. METHODS: The design was a single-group pre-test and post-test study. Subjects consisted of 31 older adults from two senior centers and a welfare center in Seoul. Individual reminiscence therapy was applied to study subjects four times, once a week for an hour at each time. Measurement tools were the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea (GDSSF-K) for depression, Mun Ae-ri's (1996) scale for morale, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) for the quality of life. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and pearson correlation. RESULTS: The application of individual reminiscence therapy reduced older adults' depression (t=-5.65, p=.000), and enhanced older adults' morale (t=4.65, p=.000). The application of individual reminiscence therapy improved older adults' quality of life (t=5.00, p=.000). CONCLUSION: Findings of the study suggest that individual reminiscence therapy may be applied as a nursing intervention that contributesto the improvement of older adults' quality of life, reduces their depression, and enhances their morale.

A Case of Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Bladder in an Old Adult / 대한비뇨기과학회지

An unusual case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder in a 77 year old man, who presented with difficult urination, gross hematuria and vague lower abdominal pain. Herein, we report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma. which revealed early recurrence and rapid growing up after partial cystectomy.