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Aim To observe the gene expression of ? and ? opiate receptor in spinal cord and brainstem,and the effects of muscarinic receptor antagonist, NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase on the expression of these genes during morphine withdrawal in rats. Methods The mRNA levels of ? and ? opiate receptor mRNA were assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT_PCR) with the beta_actin mRNA as an internal control. Results The ? opiate receptor mRNA levels were increased significantly in spinal cord and brainstem during morphine dependence, and decreased after injection of naloxone during morphine withdrawal in rats. The ? opiate receptor mRNA levels in spinal cord and brainstem were changed conversely compared with the ? opiate receptor mRNA levels during morphine dependence and withdrawal. The ? and ? opiate receptor mRNA levels in spinal cord and brainstem were decreased by administration of either Rp_cAMPs or calyculin A while these levels were not changed by Sp_cAMPs at half hour before injection of naloxone in morphine dependent rats. Administration of l_N_nitric arginine methylester(10 mg?kg-1) resulted in a decrease of ? opiate receptor and ? opiate receptor levels in spinal cord , and ? opiate receptor levels in spinal cord and ? opiate receptor levels in brainstem were dedcreased by pretreatment with methyl_scopolamine (0.5 mg?kg-1) during morphine withdrawal. However, the ? and ? opiate receptor levels in both spinal cord and brainstem were not different from those of morphine withdrawal rats pretreated with either MK801 (0.125 mg?kg-1) or pirezenpine(10 mg?kg-1). In adddition, ?_actin mRNA levels were not different in each group.Conclusion The expression of ? opiate receptor and ? opiate receptor mRNA plays an important role in mediating the process of morphine dependence and withdrawal, and the expression of ? opiate receptor and ? opiate receptor mRNA in spinal cord and brainstem could be inhibited by block of muscarinic receptor or inhibition of nitric oxide production.
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AIM\ To observe the effect of methionine enkephalin(Met Enk) on proliferation and mechanism involved by opiate receptor of peripheral blood lymphocyte(PBL) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). METHODS\ Lymphocyte proliferation assay. RESULTS\ Naloxone (Nal,1?10 -6 mol?L -1 )could block the increasing effect of Met Enk(1?10 -8 ～1?10 -6 mol?L -1 )on the PBL proliferation of normal humans,but there was no direct effect on that. However,Nal could not only block the promotive action of Met Enk on PBL proliferation of SLE patients,but there was a direct decreasing effect on it. CONCLUSION\ Endogenous Met Enk may participate in the abnormal regulation with SLE PBL via opiate receptor.
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Objective:To assess the effects of ohmefentanyl(OMF),a potent and selective agonist for ? opiate receptor,on respiratory function in chronic hypoxic rats.Methods:Totally 86 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group ( n =20) and chronic hypoxic model group( n =66).The chronic hypoxic rat model was established by intravenous injections of papain once a week for 6 times.Rats in normal control group received OMF injection( n =10) and artificial cerebrospinal fluid(aCSF) injection( n =10).Rats in chronic hypoxic group were further divided into cerebroventricular administration group( n =48) and nucleus tractus solitari(NTS) administration group( n =18).Rats in cerebroventricular administration group received naloxone( n =12) and OMF( n =12),and the other 24 rats were taken as control.Rats in NTS group received OMF( n =9) and aCSF( n =9).The respiratory rate(RR) and tidal volume(V T) were determined 5,15,30,45 and 60 min after injection.Results:Intracerebroventricular administration of OMF in normal rats resulted in a significant decrease in RR and V T ( P
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The effects of formaldehyde fixation on the binding capacity of opiate receptors were studied with radioreceptorassay and in vitro receptor autoradiography. Incubation with 1% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes or 12 hours has no significant influence on the binding capacity of opiate receptors of rat brain P_2 membranes, and incubation with 2% or 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes also did not alter the binding capacity of opiate receptors significantly, but 12 hour incubation with 2% or 4% paraformaldehyde would change the binding capacity significantly. The saturation curve of [~3H]-etorphine binding with opiate receptors in formaldehyde fixed brain tissue sections coincided with that of unfixed brain tissue sections. The opiate receptors were successfully demonstrated with in vitro receptor autoradiography in 1% paraformaldehyde fixed spinal cord sections. These results indicate that formaldehyde fixed tissue are applicable to in vitro receptor autoradiography.