Barriers to lifestyle modification in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a scoping review / Journal of Rural Medicine

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is common worldwide, and lifestyle modifications are key to its treatment. This study aimed to identify the barriers to lifestyle modifications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and to organize the results using the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model.Materials and Methods: The framework of Arksey and O’ Malley was used in this scoping review. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library without language restrictions for reports published up to September 11, 2022, including peer-reviewed literature reporting barriers to lifestyle modifications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Patient-reported barriers were analyzed inductively and organized into the components (capability, opportunity, and motivation) of the COM-B model.Results: The literature search yielded 583 articles, of which seven qualitative studies, four quantitative studies, and one mixed-methods study met the inclusion criteria. Lack of time, lack of information on the diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, negative perceptions of the prescribed exercise and diet, physical symptoms interfering with the behavior, presence of comorbidities, and lack of family cooperation were frequently reported as barriers.Conclusion: The results of this study may contribute to the development of appropriate care and education strategies to promote behavioral changes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

High-quality acceleration of the Chinese national schistosomiasis elimination programme to advance the building of Healthy China / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

The goal of achieving elimination of schistosomiasis across all endemic counties in China by 2030 was proposed in the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan. On June 16, 2023, the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023—2030) was jointly issued by National Disease Control and Prevention Administration and other 10 ministries, which deployed the targets and key tasks of the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China. This article describes the progress of the national schistosomiasis control programme, analyzes the opportunities to eliminate schistosomiasis, and proposes targeted recommendations to tackle the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, so as to accelerate the process towards schistosomiasis elimination and facilitate the building of a healthy China.

Cardiorespiratory Adverse Events after First Vaccination in Preterm Neonates With Gestational Age ?30 Weeks

Objectives: To document the adverse cardiorespiratory events following first routine immunization in preterm neonates. Methods: We retrieved records of neonates with gestational age ?30 weeks, and included those who developed cardiorespiratory events after first vaccines before discharge. Our Unit’s protocol is to administer Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B vaccine to those discharged at <8 weeks postnatal age. Hexavalent, BCG, pneumococcal vaccine and rotavirus vaccines are given at 8 weeks of age, if hospital stay is predicted to be longer. Unit compliance to vaccination administration at appropriate ages were also measured. Results: Data of 161 neonates ?30 weeks (17.4% <27 week) who completed care in the unit was studied. Cardio-respiratory adverse events were reported in 21(13.7%). None of these required initiation of invasive ventilation. High flow nasal cannula therapy and caffeine restart were required for these events in 14 (9.3%) and 6 (3.9%) neonates, respectively. Lower gestational age, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and sepsis were significant risk factors on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, continued need for respiratory support at 4 weeks of age (P=aOR 14.5 (95% CI 5-59.1) was the only independent risk factor for post-vaccination cardiorespiratory adverse events. Of 38 who were not vaccinated at recommended ages by unit policy, 25 were missed opportunities, the rest were deemed unstable for vaccinations at that age by the clinical team. Conclusion: Adverse cardiorespiratory events were uncommon after first vaccinations in very preterm neonates. Administering vaccines in this group before discharge would allow monitoring for these events, especially for those who require long-term respiratory support.

Spatio-temporal variation in the growth of coral fragments of opportunity in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: implications for coral reef restoration

Introduction: Coral-reef communities are considered one of the most biodiverse, but also most threatened, marine ecosystems, and the accelerating loss of habitat over the past decades warrants active intervention. Objective: The present study demonstrates the successful implementation of a low-impact restoration technique in three Central Mexican Pacific degraded coral communities, using a protocol based on natural fragmentation (''fragments of opportunity") of the branching coral Pocillopora spp., considered the most abundant and primary carbonate-producing coral species of the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Methods: The restoration program was implemented in two offshore and one inshore coraline areas. The relationships between seawater temperature and coral survival, growth, and attachment rate were assessed over one year, with 183 fragments monitored each month. Results: The mean coral growth rate was 3.3 ± 0.1 mm mo-1, with annual growth rates in length and width of 39.9 ± 14.2 and 36.5 ± 19.5 mm yr-1, respectively. Self-attachment efficiency was 78 % and the survival rate was high (84 %). The growth rate differed significantly among reefs. Conclusions: Upon monitoring directly fragmented corals over a year, growth rates were deemed high enough to merit active restoration in the region. However, our data show that structural and abiotic differences and seasonal variability must be considered overall in successful long-term coral community restoration initiatives in the eastern Pacific region.

Introducción: Las comunidades de arrecifes de coral se consideran uno de los ecosistemas marinos con mayor biodiversidad, pero también los más amenazados, y la pérdida acelerada de hábitat en las últimas décadas justifica la implementación de una intervención activa. Objetivo: El presente estudio demuestra la implementación exitosa de una técnica de restauración de bajo impacto basada en la fragmentación natural (''fragmentos de oportunidad") del coral ramificado Pocillopora spp., la cual es la especie coralina más abundante y principal productora de carbonato del Pacífico Oriental Tropical. Métodos: El programa de restauración se implementó en dos sitios lejos de la costa y un sitio cercano a la costa, con comunidades coralinas degradadas. Las relaciones entre la temperatura del agua de mar y la supervivencia, el crecimiento y la tasa de adhesión de los corales se evaluaron durante un año con 183 fragmentos monitoreados cada mes. Resultados: La tasa media de crecimiento coralino fue de 3.3 ± 0.1 mm mo-1, con tasas de crecimiento anual en largo y ancho de 39.9 ± 14.2 y 36.5 ± 19.5 mm año-1, respectivamente. La eficiencia de la auto-adherencia fue del 78 % y la tasa de supervivencia fue alta (84 %). La tasa de crecimiento difirió significativamente entre los arrecifes. Conclusiones: Al monitorear directamente los corales fragmentados durante un año, las tasas de crecimiento se consideraron lo suficientemente altas como para merecer una restauración activa en la región. Sin embargo, nuestros datos muestran que las diferencias estructurales y abióticas y la variabilidad estacional deben considerarse en general en las iniciativas exitosas de restauración de comunidades de coral a largo plazo en la región del Pacífico oriental.

Opinion of Nurses on SWOT and Areas of Investment in Nursing

Nursing is the largest group in the health sector accounting for approximately 59 percent of health care professionals. Nurses play a key role in rendering preventive, promotive and rehabilitative health care services. The work of nurses at all stages of their careers and at every level of prac- tice is essential in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence an opinion on SWOT in nursing and the priority areas of investment was undertaken among nurses. A quantitative research approach and a descriptive survey design were used. This study was conducted among nurses working in educational institutions and hospitals. A non-probability convenient sampling technique and snowball sampling were used. The tool consisted of items to elicit demographic data of nurses and an opinion scale to elicit the nurses'#39; opinion about SWOT in Nursing. A rating scale was used to rate the opinion about priority areas of investment in Nursing. A Google form was developed and circulated to the nurses. A total of 213 responses were received. Incomplete responses were deleted and finally, 195 responses were included for final analysis. Both de- scriptive and inferential statistics were used. Permission from IEC and informed consent were obtained. Confidentiality was maintained. The results revealed that the majority of the nurses had high opinion by having agreement with the factors of SWOT in nursing and had high priority in the areas of investment.

Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes con Cáncer de Colon etapa III. ¿El tratamiento adyuvante es iniciado de forma oportuna?

Introducción: En Chile, el Cáncer colorrectal (CC) abarca el 11,5% de todas las neoplasias malignas. La cirugía es la piedra angular del tratamiento del cáncer de colon, y en pacientes en etapa III, la quimioterapia adyuvante forma parte del tratamiento estándar. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo transversal, de centro único, de pacientes con cáncer de colon en estadio III patológico. Objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer si, en pacientes con cáncer de colon etapa III, la quimioterapia adyuvante se entrega de manera oportuna. Resultados: En el período comprendido entre abril de 2016 y abril de 2021 se operaron 35 pacientes con cáncer de colon en estadio III patológico. Se realizó quimioterapia adyuvante en un 80%, y en siete pacientes durante las primeras ocho semanas poscirugía. La dehiscencia de anastomosis ocurrió en un 11,4%, aumentando la mediana de hospitalización en 2,2 veces. Discusión: En nuestro estudio, la adyuvancia en cáncer de colon etapa III se administró a un alto porcentaje de los pacientes (80%), pero observamos un retraso importante, ya que sólo en un 25% se inició el tratamiento durante las primeras 8 semanas poscirugía, lo cual puede ser explicado por múltiples factores, siendo la dehiscencia de anastomosis un punto importante a considerar. Conclusión: En estadio III de CC la adyuvancia puede verse retrasada por múltiples factores, lo que puede repercutir en la sobrevida de los pacientes, por lo tanto, conocer las causas de este retraso podría ayudar a instaurar nuevas estrategias, como la neoadyuvancia, para mejorar los resultados oncológicos.

Introduction: In Chile, colorectal cancer covers 11.5% of all malignant neoplasms. Surgery is the cor- nerstone of colon cancer treatment and in stage III patients adjuvant chemotherapy is part of standard treatment. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study, single center, of patients with pathological stage III colon cancer. Main objective of this study is to know if in patients with stage III colon cancer adjuvant chemotherapy is delivered in a timely manner. Results: Between April 2016 and April 2021, 35 patients with pathological stage III colon cancer were operated on. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 80%, and in seven patient during the first eight weeks after surgery. Anastomotic dehiscence occurred in 11.4%, the median hospitalization increased by 2.2 times. Discussion: In this study, adjuvant stage III colon cancer was administered to a high percentage of patients (80%), but we observed a significant delay, since only 25% began treatment during the first 8 weeks post-surgery, which can be explained by multiple factors, with anastomotic dehiscence being an important point to consider. Conclusion: In stage III CC, adjuvant treatment can be delayed by multiple factors, which may affect patient survival; therefore, knowing the causes of this delay could help to establish new strategies, such as neoadjuvant therapy, to improve oncological results.

RECOGNIZING THE INDICATORS OF FRAUDS BY TRACING THE ELEMENTS OF FRAUD TRIANGLE AND ITS DETERRENCE

The present paper endeavors to throw light on the factors that stimulates an individual to commit fraud in the light of the fraud triangle theory. Based on the existing theories and literature, an attempt has been made to recognize the red-?ags of fraud risk related to an individual's behavioral approach. The paper further suggests that of the other elements, a check on the Opportunity vertex of the triangle can control the intensity of the fraud. It also highlights the applicability of SAS-99 and COSO framework for deterring fraud constituents from the system

Transport experiences of people with disabilities during learnerships

Transport is a known national barrier for people with disabilities in South Africa. It is similarly identified as a barrier in learnerships and economic opportunity programmes. This article discusses the extent to which transport is a barrier during learnerships for students with disabilities. The Department of Transport administered an online evaluation questionnaire to a random sample of students with disabilities. Results were coded in terms of 'barriers to access' and 'barriers to participation'. The data were organised into themes. The collated evidence is discussed in this article. The findings demonstrated that transport barriers were present in different modes of transport and different parts of the travel chain. However, the findings also demonstrated the negative impact of transport on the learnership experience and economic opportunities. The findings indicated that inaccessible transport is an integral cause of learnership incompletion for students with disabilities, where the universal accessibility of both transport and the built environment are a prerequisite need. Most students with disabilities reported that transport was not a barrier to learnership participation or that problems with transport could be resolved. Nevertheless, it was one of the identified barriers that negatively affected learnership participation experiences. It was a significant barrier to learnership completion for students with the most severe experience of disability. The sample consisted of only 32 students and a high number of unspecified responses. Evidence from other studies indicates that transport for all persons with disabilities remains a barrier warranting further examination, because public transport has remained inaccessible for over 23 years. Further research is required to verify this study and to investigate learnership cost­benefit for all students

Application value and treatment opportunity of enteroscopy in children with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the application value and treatment opportunity of single balloon enteroscopy in children with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 children diagnosed with PJS in Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2011 to September 2021.The patient′s age, gender, family history, clinical symptoms, enteroscopy examination and treatment, number of polyps, intraoperative and pos-toperative complications, surgical treatment, recurrence of surgery, and follow-up data were analyzed, and the chi- square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 33 PJS children aged (9.00±3.13) years, including 21 males and 12 females, were included.All of them received at least once single balloon enteroscopy test.The main manifestations of the children were black spots (33 cases) and multiple polyps in the digestive tract (31 cases). In all the 33 cases, black spots were distributed on lips.Some black spots were also found at the end of fingers (3 cases), at the end of foot toes(2 cases), and at the end of finger toes (6 cases). During the operation, 391 polyps were removed, most of which were jejunum polyps (37.08%, 145/391 polyps). Eleven children with PJS has intussusception, of which intestinal intussusception accounted for 90.91% (10/11 cases). Ten cases (30.30%, 10/33 cases) received surgical treatment, and 72.73% (8/11 cases) underwent surgery for acute refractory intussusception.One case had intestinal perforation and 2 cases were bleeding during the operation, and the 3 cases recovered completely after hemostatic clip sealing and surgical treatment.The incidence of hollow ileum polyps and giant polyps in children aged >8 years was higher than that in children aged ≤8 years[92.55% (149/161 polyps) vs.7.45%(12/161 polyps), 96.20%(76/79 polyps) vs.3.80% (3/79 polyps)]. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2=9.854, 8.711, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intussusception among different age groups ( P>0.05). Among the 33 children with PJS, 57.58% (19/33 cases) had recurrence 1-3 years after operation, and no cases of cancer have been followed up so far. Conclusions:Intestinal polyps are common in children with PJS, and the application of single-balloon enteroscopy in children with PJS is reliable and safe.Children over 8 years old are more vulnerable to empty ileum polyps and giant polyps.Therefore, it is advised that children aged above 8 years with PJS should undergo at least once enteroscopy.

Actitud del Profesorado Universitario Hacia la Inclusión Educativa: una Revisión Sistemática / Attitude of University Teachers Towards Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review

RESUMEN La actitud docente es determinante cuando se pretenden desarrollar espacios educativos inclusivos y atender a la diversidad. El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es analizar los estudios efectuados sobre la actitud del profesorado universitario hacia la inclusión educativa. Se incluyeron 15 artículos los cuales evidencian que en España se han realizado una mayor cantidad de investigaciones acerca del tema. Además, la perspectiva de inclusión planteada considera principalmente al alumnado en situación de discapacidad. También, se revela que el profesorado no está preparado para generar una enseñanza inclusiva. Referente a las actitudes, las investigaciones muestran hallazgos negativos y una resistencia por la implementación de adaptaciones curriculares. Los principales desafíos se encuentran relacionados con la preparación docente y la motivación por la constante capacitación. En conclusión, es necesario que los programas de formación de profesores consideren la inclusión educativa como una dimensión esencial que posibilite a los docentes exteriorizar actitudes positivas durante el quehacer pedagógico en las instituciones de Educación Superior.

ABSTRACT The teaching attitude is decisive when trying to develop inclusive educational spaces and attend to diversity. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the studies carried out on the attitude of university teachers towards educational inclusion. Fifteen articles were included, which show that in Spain a greater amount of research has been carried out on the subject. In addition, the perspective of the proposed inclusion mainly considers students in situation of disabilities. Also, it is revealed that teachers are not prepared to generate inclusive teaching. Regarding attitudes, research shows negative findings and resistance to the implementation of curricular adaptations. The main challenges are related to teacher preparation and motivation for constant training. In conclusion, it is necessary that teacher training programs consider educational inclusion as an essential dimension that enables teachers to express positive attitudes during pedagogical work in Higher Education institutions.

Intestinal microecology on immune development during "The neonatal window of opportunity" and immunopathy / 国际儿科学杂志

Neonatal intestinal microecology is unstable and susceptible to various factors such as bacterial exposure, conditions that promote and inhibit bacterial growth, and host factors.These factors affect the initial development of the immune system during a critical period known as the "neonatal window of opportunity" . Epidemiological investigations have found a link between the development of the immune system during the "neonatal window of opportunity" and immune-mediated diseases.Recent studies have found that the principal mechanism may be promoting the development and maturation of the intestinal mucosal barrier, influencing the maturation of lymphocytes, and establishing immune tolerance.This review summarizes the effects of neonatal intestinal microecology on immune development during the "neonatal window of opportunity" .

Discussion on the time of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a slowly progressing benign disease. Some patients still have to receive operation. If surgical treatement time is not proper, it may increase the risk of operation and reduce therapeutic effect. However, there is still lack an effective method to evaluate the optimal timing of BPH surgery. The large-scale, multi-center, high-quality clinical trials are needed to clarify the reasonable solutions.

Opportunities and challenges of schistosomiasis control during the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is centered on Chengdu City and Chongqing Municipality, with aims to build the “fourth growth pole” of China’s economy. During this circle, elimination of schistosomiasis had been achieved in 82.5% of the endemic counties (districts) of Sichuan Province, and schistosomiasis is not historically endemic in Chongqing Municipality; however, there is still a risk of schistosmiasis transmission in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality because the natural and social factors affecting schistosomiasis transmission have not been completely eliminated in these areas. Based on the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, we analyzed the opportunities and challenges of schistosomiasis control during the construction of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, and proposed the corresponding suggestions, so as to provide insights into the sustainable development of schistosomiasis control in the context of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle construction.

El Coronavirus y la pandemia: una crónica sociosimbólica / The coronavirus and the pandemic: A sociosymbolic chronicle

El presente artículo aborda un contexto geohistórico referencial que permite resignificar y recontextualizar este fenómeno que impacta la realidad mundial y la cotidianidad de nuestras vidas hoy desde una mirada histórica, sociológica y cualitativa. Refleja los intersticios de un sistema global, desregularizado y sin parangón como lo ha sido el capitalismo, y las consecuencias que ha dejado en los países que han adoptado este sistema como única forma de hacer política. A la vez, se contrasta con la República Bolivariana de Venezuela y pone en realce los logros que este país ha demostrado en su lucha por hacer frente al COVID19 como Pandemia universal. Presenta la Pandemia como el resultado de los males globales que acecha a nuestros pueblos y la proyecta como una oportunidad para el reordenamiento mundial, la reformulación y reorientación de políticas públicas que fomenten valores éticos, solidarios y revolucionarios que coloquen a la vida humana como valor supremo(AU)

This article addresses a referential geohistorical context that allows to resignify and re-contextualize this phenomenon that affects the world real-ity and the daily life of our lives, from a historical, sociological and qualitative approach. It reflects the interstitials of a global, deregulated and unparalleled system as capitalism has been and the consequences it has left on countries that have adopted this system as the only way to do politics. At the same time, it contrasts with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and highlights the achievements that Venezuela has shown in its struggle to deal with COVID19 as a universal pandemic. It presents the Pandemic as the result of the global ills that haunt our peoples and projects it as an opportunity for global reordering, reformulation and reorientation of public policies that fos-ter ethical, solidarity and revolu-tionary values that place human life as the supreme value(AU)

Mobilidades de jovens de grupos populares do Rio de Janeiro em relação à rua e a casa / Mobilities of young people from popular groups of Rio de Janeiro related to the streets and home / Movilidades de jóvenes de grupos populares de Rio de Janeiro en relación con la calle y la casa

Resumo Neste trabalho, tomamos como foco a experiência de jovens de grupos populares do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil) em relação à rua e a casa. Destacamos as várias facetas que estes espaços-tempos assumem para os jovens, tendo em vista o que nestes espaços limita e constrange suas mobilidades e o que se constitui como oportunidade para estes jovens. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, do qual participaram 51 jovens, habitantes de periferias urbanas e estudantes de 9º ano do ensino fundamental, de duas escolas públicas municipais do Rio de Janeiro, com idades entre 14 a 16 anos. Foram realizados três grupos de discussão junto aos jovens, além de observações-participantes em ambas as escolas. Os dados foram analisados a partir da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciam que os jovens se deparam com inúmeros limites às mobilidades e situações inoportunas na rua, que compõem o que eles nomeiam como caos. Diante da imprevisibilidade negativa associada ao espaço da rua, o espaço doméstico é valorizado, principalmente por proporcionar a segurança que não pode ser encontrada na rua.

Abstract This work is focused on the experiences lived by young people from popular groups in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) related to the street and home. It is highlighted a variety of dimensions that these spaces and time offer to young people, taking into account the aspects that limit or constraints their mobilities in these spaces, and also what is considered and opportunity for them. It was performed a qualitative study, involving a total of 51 young people, being students in elementary schools, from two public municipal schools of Rio de Janeiro, aged between 14 and 16 and residents in urban peripheries. Three discussion groups were carried out with these students, in addition to participant-observations in both schools. The data were analyzed using the Analysis of Content. The results show that young people meet innumerable limits to their mobility and face untimely situations in the street, which constitute what they call chaos. Given the negative unpredictability associated with street space, domestic space is valued, mainly for providing security that cannot be found in the street.

Resumen En este trabajo, nos centramos en la experiencia de jóvenes de grupos populares de Río de Janeiro (Brasil) en relación con la calle y la casa. Destacamos una variedad de facetas que estos espacios-tiempos asumen para los jóvenes, teniendo en cuenta lo que en estos espacios limita y constriñe sus movilidades y lo que se constituye como oportunidad para ellos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo que involucró 51 jóvenes, habitantes de periferias urbanas y estudiantes de 9º año de la enseñanza fundamental, de dos escuelas públicas municipales de Río de Janeiro, con edades entre 14 a 16 años. Se realizaron tres grupos de discusión con los jóvenes, además de observaciones-participantes en ambas escuelas. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados evidencian que los jóvenes encuentran innumerables límites para su movilidad y enfrentan situaciones inoportunas en la calle, que constituyen lo que ellos nombran como caos. Ante la imprevisibilidad negativa asociada al espacio de la calle, el espacio doméstico es valorado, principalmente por proporcionar la seguridad que no se puede encontrar en la calle.

Diabetes registry and service in Nigerian suburban-based tertiary healthcare facility

Background: Diabetes register is a clinical tool necessary for patient management including follow-up and referral procedures. In the Bringing Research in Diabetes to Global Environments and Systems that is in progress in Delta State, Nigeria; part of focus is establishment of diabetes register at a tertiary health facility. This phase of the project aimed to establish a diabetes register and to assess the baseline data.Methods: This was a clinical observational descriptive study at Eku Baptist Government Hospital. The diabetes register developed as in previous report was adopted as a scale-up study. After due clearance from the hospital, patients’ hospital record files were screened for cases of diabetes and 70 files were identified. Data were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel Data Analysis ToolPak 2010.Results: There was a 2/1 female/male ratio, while 6% were below 40 years. 90% of patients had blood glucose levels results that indicated poor diabetes control. There is problem of incomplete data collection, for instance <25% BMI data was available. Capability and opportunity for standard service, e.g. diabetic foot examination, lipid profile, renal and retinal assessment was available at the tertiary health facility to allow management and referral from other hospitals.Conclusions: This report highlights poor adherence to diabetes care practices by stakeholders. It underscores the need for motivation to improve the quality of clinical data collection vis-à-vis documentation that enables assessment of diabetes epidemiology, especially in a facility that has the capacity.

Perceived Opportunities to Craft Scale: adaptation and evidence of the construct validity of the Brazilian version

Abstract Employees' perceived opportunities to craft (POCs) influence actual job crafting behavior, which may have consequences for their well-being and work performance. This study aimed to validate the perceived opportunities to craft scale (POCS) in the Brazilian context. We collected data from Brazilian employees (N = 1451) in two separate samples. The factor structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the POCS were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA), and external variables. The results indicated that the POCS-Brazilian version (with seven-point and five-point Likert scale) replicated the unidimensional structure of the original instrument. POCs showed significant positive and moderate correlations with occupational self-efficacy, work engagement and job crafting, and negative associations with workaholism. Both POCS-Brazilian versions were reliable according to three types of reliability indexes and also showed discriminant and convergent validity evidence.

Situations and opportunities of new drugs of Chinese materia medica under background of globalized research and development / 中草药

Since China joined International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) in 2017, the research and development standards of new drugs have been formally in line with the international standards, and the innovation and development of chemical and biological drugs in China have entered a new era. However, compared with chemical drugs and biological drugs, the research and development of new drug of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is slightly insufficient, the number of new drug applications and approvals is not large, and the growth of industrial output is slowing down, which is caused by the global economic slowdown and the improvement of research and development rules and standards with China's accession to ICH. At present, CMM is supported by national policies, and the coming of the era of great health has brought great opportunities for the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Pharmaceutical enterprises should follow the trend and strive to improve the supply side level of pharmaceutical products of TCM. At the same time, we should correctly understand the difficulties, challenges and opportunities in the development of CMM, and strengthen the pharmaceutical innovation and secondary research and development of CMM. It is of great significance for the healthy development of CMM industry in the new era to analyze the situation faced by the research and development of CMM under the background of globalization, and analyze the difficulties, opportunities and challenges in the research and application of new drugs of CMM.

Early treatment of suspension moxibustion for Bell's palsy in acute stage / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy of early treatment of suspension moxibustion for Bell's palsy and its influence on the prognosis, and to explore whether the early treatment of suspension moxibustion has non-inferiority effect to hormone treatment and whether suspension moxibustion combined with hormone treatment has the synergistic effect.@*METHODS@#A total of 132 patients with acute-stage Bell's palsy were divided into a hormone group (94 cases) and a moxibustion group (38 cases) by non-random method, and the hormone group was further randomly divided into a hormone with moxibustion group (48 cases) and a hormone without moxibustion group (46 cases). The acupuncture and oral administration of mecobalamin capsule were used as basic treatment. Acupuncture was applied at Yangbai (GB 14), Sibai (ST 2), Quanliao (SI 18), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Yifeng (TE 17), etc., with the needles retained for 30 min, once a day, 5 consecutive days per week; there was an interval of 2 days between two weeks, and a total of 4-week treatment was given. The oral administration of mecobalamin capsule was given 0.5 mg each time, 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The patients in the moxibustion group, on the basis of basic treatment, were treated with the suspension moxibustion at Yangbai (GB 14), Sibai (ST 2), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Wangu (GB 12), Yifeng (TE 17) of affected side, 5 min per acupoint, once a day, 5 consecutive days per week; there was an interval of 2 days between two weeks, and a total of 4-week treatment was given. The patients in the hormone without moxibustion group, on the basis of basic treatment, were treated with prednisone acetate tablets. The patients in the hormone with moxibustion group, on the basis of basic treatment, were treated with suspension moxibustion and prednisone acetate tablets. All the treatment was given for 4 weeks. The House-Brcackmann facial nerve grading (H-B) global score and facial disability index (FDI) scale were used to evaluate the curative effect in the three groups before treatment, 2 weeks and 4 weeks into treatment and 4 weeks after treatment; the efficacy was compared among the three groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the H-B grading and FDI scores were significantly improved 2 weeks and 4 weeks into treatment and 4 weeks after treatment (0.05); the H-B grading and FDI scores in the hormone with moxibustion group were superior to those in the moxibustion group and the hormone without moxibustion group 4 weeks into treatment and 4 weeks after treatment (0.05). At the end of follow-up, the cured rate in the hormone with moxibustion group was 81.3% (39/48), which was superior to 68.4% (26/38) in the moxibustion group and 60.9% (28/46) in the hormone without moxibustion group (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The three treatment methods are all safe and effective for acute-stage Bell's palsy. The suspension moxibustion combined with hormone therapy are superior to suspension moxibustion or hormone therapy alone. Early treatment of suspension moxibustion is safe and effective for Bell's palsy, and has obvious synergistic effect with hormone. For the patients who cannot use hormone, suspension moxibustion could replace hormone, which is non-inferior to hormone.

Fortalecimiento de la Identidad de la Carrera de Ingeniería Biomédica en México / Strengthening of the Biomedical Engineering Career Identity in Mexico

Resumen Con el propósito de mejorar la identidad de la profesión de Ingeniería Biomédica en México, se presentan cuatro casos de situaciones identificadas como áreas de oportunidad para fortalecer el marco de acción de dicha profesión, junto con propuestas concretas de acciones que permitan darle solución. Fortaleciendo la identidad de los profesionales en Ingeniería Biomédica en México, dando un sentido de pertinencia y estableciendo una comunidad sólida y encausada, se podrán generar mejores oportunidades laborales en el País.

Abstract With the purpose of betterment of the Biomedical Engineering (BME) profession in Mexico, four cases are presented of identified opportunity areas situations that could strength the activity frame of such profession, along with concrete proposals of actions that can provide with solutions. Strengthening the identity of BME professionals in Mexico, giving a sense of pertinence and establishing a solid and compromised community, better work opportunities could be achieved in the Country.