Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e histopatológicos de pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal / Clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological aspects of patients with lesions in the oral mucosa i: en

Introducción: Las lesiones en la mucosa bucal constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de alteraciones, de cuyo diagnóstico temprano depende el pronóstico y el tratamiento. Objetivo: Caracterizar a pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal según variables clínicas, epidemiológicas e histopatológicas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 23 pacientes con lesiones en la mucosa bucal pertenecientes a los consultorios médicos de la familia del reparto Vista Alegre, quienes fueron asistidos en la consulta de estomatología del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba desde septiembre del 2021 hasta junio del 2022. Resultados: En la serie predominaron el sexo femenino, el grupo etario de 60 y más años, la estomatitis subprótesis como lesión más frecuente (39,1 %) y los traumatismos crónicos como factores de riesgo (65,2 %); asimismo, en los pacientes remitidos al nivel secundario de atención hubo coincidencia entre los diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico (76,9 % ). Conclusiones: De la valoración clínica, epidemiológica e histopatológica de estas lesiones y de la preparación de los especialistas sobre el tema dependerá el diagnóstico definitivo.

Introduction: Lesions in the oral mucosa constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders which prognosis and treatment depend on the early diagnosis. Objective: To characterize patients with lesions in the oral mucosa according to clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological variables. Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 23 patients with lesions in the oral mucosa was carried out. They belonged to the family doctor offices from Vista Alegre neighborhood and were assisted in the Stomatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from September, 2021 to June, 2022. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the female sex, the 60 years and over age group, subprosthesis stomatitis as more frequent lesion (39.1%) and chronic traumatisms as risk factors (65.2%); also, in patients referred to the secondary care level there was coincidence between the clinical, histological and pathological diagnoses (76.9%). Conclusions: The final diagnosis will depend on the clinical, epidemiological, histological and pathological valuation of these lesions and on the preparation of the specialists on the topic.

Manifestaciones orales y recuento de linfocitos T CD4+ en pacientes adultos con infección por VIH atendidos en el Hospital San Juan de Dios. Santiago, Chile

Resumen Introducción: Las lesiones orales clasificadas como fuertemente asociadas a infección por VIH se presentan en casos de inmunosupresión profunda (recuento de linfocitos T CD4+ ≤ a 200 céls/mm3 de sangre). Objetivo: Asociar la presencia de lesiones orales fuertemente asociadas a infección por VIH con el recuento sérico de linfocitos T (LT) CD4+ al momento del diagnóstico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en PVVIH atendidas en el Hospital San Juan de Dios entre 2013 y 2019. Las lesiones orales se diagnosticaron por el criterio de EC-Clearinghouse - OHARA, y la inmunosupresión fue determinada según el recuento de LT CD4+. Resultados: De los 240 pacientes reclutados, 35 pacientes presentaron lesiones fuertemente asociadas a infección por VIH y 26 de ellos presentaron inmunosupresión profunda. La probabilidad de ocurrencia de una lesión fuertemente asociada a infección por VIH fue 12,3 veces mayor en pacientes con inmunosupresión profunda. Conclusión: Existe una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre un estado de inmunosupresión profunda y la presencia de manifestaciones orales fuertemente asociadas a infección por VIH/SIDA, lo cual posee relevancia clínica pues se presenta como una herramienta clínica de diagnóstico inicial, progresión de la enfermedad y monitorización de la terapia antiretroviral.

Abstract Background: Oral lesions classified as strongly associated with HIV infection occur in cases of severe immunosuppression (CD4+ T lymphocyte count ≤ 200 cells/mm3 of blood). Aim: To associate the presence of oral lesions strongly associated with HIV infection with CD4+ T lymphocytes count at the time of diagnosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in PLHIV treated at the San Juan de Dios Hospital between 2013 and 2019. Oral lesions were diagnosed by the EC-Clearinghouse - OHARA criteria and immunosuppression was determined according to the CD4+ T lymphocyte count. Results: Of the 240 recruited patients, 35 had lesions strongly associated with HIV infection and 26 of them had severe immunosuppression. The probability of occurrence of a lesion strongly associated with HIV infection is 12.3 times higher in patients with severe immunosuppression. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between a severe immunosuppression and the presence of oral manifestations strongly associated with HIV/ AIDS infection, which has clinical relevance since it is presented as a clinical tool for initial diagnosis, disease progression and monitoring of antiretroviral therapy.

Histoplasmosis bucal / Oral histoplasmosis

Introducción: La histoplasmosis es una micosis causada por Histoplasma capsulatum. Este hongo se encuentra en las excretas de algunos animales (murciélagos y aves) y su reservorio es el suelo. Es una enfermedad endémica en el continente americano. La inhalación de esporas causa infección pulmonar primaria que puede diseminarse. Objetivo: Describir un caso de histoplasmosis bucal en un paciente seronegativo al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Caso clínico: Paciente diabético, fumador y alcohólico con cuadro febril de varios meses acompañado de manifestaciones respiratorias. Además, se constataron úlceras en encías y lengua, lesiones nodulares en mucosas del carrillo, fondo del surco vestibular y reborde alveolar. Se informó anemia, leucopenia y aumento de la velocidad de sedimentación globular. El diagnóstico se confirmó mediante citología e histopatología. La terapéutica empleada fue itraconazol 200 mg tres veces al día, luego 200 mg dos veces al día por dos meses y una tableta diaria hasta seis meses después del segundo mes. El paciente se encuentra asintomático y las lesiones bucales desaparecieron. Conclusiones: La histoplasmosis se diagnostica fundamentalmente por la epidemiología, la clínica y el cultivo. Los estudios citopatológicos e histopatológicos de la úlcera confirman el diagnóstico. Este caso representa una forma no habitual de presentación de la enfermedad, que aunque no se sospecha usualmente, puede ocurrir. Este trabajo es una alerta a los estomatólogos, maxilofaciales y a todo aquel personal de la salud que asiste a pacientes con manifestaciones sistémicas(AU)

Introduction: Histoplasmosis is a mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. This fungus is found in the feces of some animals (bats and birds) and its reservoir is the soil. Histoplasmosis is an endemic disease in the American continent. Inhalation of spores causes primary pulmonary infection, which may in turn be disseminated. Objective: Describe a case of oral histoplasmosis in a patient seronegative to the human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical case: A case is presented of a diabetic, smoker and alcoholic patient with fever of several months' evolution and respiratory manifestations. Examination revealed ulcers in the patient's gums and tongue, as well as nodular lesions in the mouth mucosa, the bottom of the vestibular sulcus and the alveolar ridge. Laboratory testing found anemia, leucopenia and an increased globular sedimentation rate. The diagnosis was confirmed by cytology and histopathology. The treatment indicated was 200 mg itraconazole three times a day and then 200 mg twice a day for two months, and a daily tablet for six months after the second month. The patient is now asymptomatic and the oral lesions have disappeared. Conclusions: Histoplasmosis is mainly diagnosed by epidemiological testing, clinical examination and culture. Cytopathologic and histopathological analysis of the ulcer confirm the diagnosis. The case illustrates an infrequent form of presentation of the disease, not usually suspected but possible. The study is a warning to dentists, maxillofacial specialists and all the health personnel caring for patients with systemic manifestations(AU)

Bohn’s nodule: A rare case in a 7-month-old male infant

@#Bohn’s nodule is a soft white cyst filled with keratin and is often found in a newborn's oral cavity. This case has a high prevalence in newborns and is rarely seen in infants after three months. In this case, we report our observation and evaluation of a Bohn’s nodule case in a seven-month-old male infant. Clinical diagnosis of the conditions is vital to avoid unnecessary therapeutic procedures and provide timely information for parents to manage the lesion.

Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de pacientes con leucoplasia bucal / Clinical epidemiological characterization of patients with oral leukoplakia

Introducción: La leucoplasia bucal se presenta clínicamente de múltiples formas. Actualmente se considera que puede ser homogénea o no homogénea. Objetivo: Caracterizar pacientes con leucoplasia bucal según variables seleccionadas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 30 pacientes con leucoplasia, atendidos en la consulta del Programa de Detección del Cáncer Bucal, pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico Universitario Carlos Juan Finlay de Songo La Maya, provincia de Santiago de Cuba, durante el 2016. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, color de la piel, factores de riesgo, formas clínicas de presentación de la leucoplasia, localización, número de lesiones, tiempo de consumo del tabaco y transformación maligna. Resultados: Predominaron el grupo etario de 45-64 años, el sexo masculino y los mestizos. La localización anatómica más afectada fue el reborde alveolar residual. La mayoría de los afectados presentó una sola lesión con forma clínica homogénea, y ninguna transformación maligna después de su intervención. El tabaquismo fue el factor de riesgo de mayor prevalencia. Conclusiones: La detección temprana de las lesiones del complejo bucal depende de que el paciente sea examinado a tiempo. Se debe realizar un diagnóstico certero para lograr una reducción significativa de la morbilidad y la mortalidad e incrementar la curación y la supervivencia.

Introduction: The oral leukoplakia is clinically presented in multiple forms. At the moment it is considered that can be homogeneous or non homogeneous. Objective: To characterize patients with oral leukoplakia according to selected variables. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 30 patients with leukoplakia was carried out, they were assisted in the Program of Detection of Oral Cancer service, belonging to the health area of Carlos Juan Finlay University Polyclinic in Songo La Maya, Santiago de Cuba, during 2016. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, skin color, risk factors, clinical forms presentation of leukoplakia, localization, number of lesions, time of nicotine addiction and malignant transformation. Results: The 45-64 age group, male sex and persons of mixed race prevailed. The most affected anatomical localization was the residual alveolar edge. Most of those affected presented a single lesion with homogeneous clinical form, and any malignant transformation after their intervention. Nicotine addiction was the most prevalent risk factor. Conclusions: The early detection of the oral complex lesions depends on the patient's examination on time. An accurate diagnosis should be carried out to achieve a significant reduction of the morbidity and mortality and to increase cure and survival.

Rapid increase of syphilis in Tokyo: an analysis of infectious disease surveillance data from 2007 to 2016

@#The objective of this study was to examine the trends of primary and secondary syphilis in Tokyo between 2007 and 2016 using national infectious disease surveillance data. We analysed all 3269 cases reported during these 10 years. A statistically significant increase in cases was observed after 2010 with a more rapid rate of increase after 2014 mainly in urban areas in Tokyo. The notification rates per 100 000 population in 2010, 2014 and 2016 were 0.9 (n = 113), 2.2 (n = 295) and 8.7 (n = 1190), respectively. Domestic syphilis transmission was suspected in 92.6–99.3% of cases during the period 2007–2016. Until 2013, the increase was mainly observed among men who have sex with men (MSM); however, heterosexual transmission became more dominant and eventually surpassed transmission among MSM in 2015. In 2016, the notified cases of infections through heterosexual contact were 22.3 and 40.4 times higher in men and women, respectively, compared to those in 2010. The median ages of affected heterosexual men and women were 37 (interquartile range: 28–46) and 26 (interquartile range: 22–32) years, respectively. Reports of oropharyngeal lesions have been increasing among both men and women with syphilis. The number of congenital syphilis cases reported in Tokyo was 0 to 3 cases per year during the study period. More information and further analysis are needed to explain the reason for this increase.

Manifestaciones bucales de la sífilis secundaria en una paciente adulta / Oral manifestations of secondary syphilis in an adult female patient

Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente de 38 años de edad, quien fue atendida en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico Cuatro Caminos, por presentar múltiples lesiones indoloras en casi toda la mucosa bucal. Teniendo en cuenta estos síntomas se le diagnosticó una estomatitis aftosa recurrente, pero el tratamiento indicado no resultó satisfactorio. Luego se interconsultó con el especialista en Medicina Interna, quien le indicó exámenes complementarios y, según los criterios clínicos y de laboratorio, se confirmó la presencia de sífilis secundaria. Se efectuó el control de foco y se logró la remisión de la enfermedad.

The case report of a 38 year-old patient who was assisted in the stomatological department of Cuatro caminos polyclinic is described due to multiple painless lesions in almost all the oral mucous. Keeping in mind these symptoms a recurrent aphthous stomatitis was diagnosed, but the prescribed treatment was not satisfactory. Then a consultation with the specialist in Internal Medicine was carried out, who indicated her complementary exams and, according to the clinical and laboratory criteria, the presence of secondary syphilis was confirmed. The focus control was carried out and the remission of the disease was achieved.

Use of interval-censored survival data as an alternative to Kaplan-Meier survival curves: studies of oral lesion occurrence in liver transplants and cancer recurrence

After undergoing liver transplantation, children are susceptible to oral lesions due to immunosuppressant drugs that are needed to maintain the transplant. In this context, it is important to understand how disease characteristics and age at transplantation influence the development of these lesions. Monitoring of lesions begins after transplantation and children are usually observed by a specialist in stomatology at periodic visits. Consequently, lesion development is estimated to occur between two observed times, and this is characterized as interval-censored data. However, in clinical practice, it is common to assume the moment of observation as the time of event occurrence, thereby excluding interval-censored data. Here, we discuss the impact of excluding interval-censored mechanisms in statistical analyses by using simulation studies to consider differences in sample sizes and amplitudes between observed intervals. Then, application studies are presented which use a data set from a prospective study that was conducted to investigate oral lesions in patients after liver transplantation at the A.C.Camargo Cancer Center in Brazil between 2013 and 2016 and a data set involving recurrent ovarian cancer in patients diagnosed with high-grade serous carcinoma at the A.C.Camargo Cancer Center between 2003 and 2016 (AU)

Lesiones de la mucosa bucal en adultos mayores con prótesis dentales totales / Injuries of the oral mucous in elderly with total dental prosthesis

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 96 adultos mayores con prótesis dentales totales, atendidos en Servicio de Prótesis de la Clínica Dental Lidia Doce Sánchez de Guantánamo, desde enero de 2014 hasta abril del 2015, para determinar las lesiones bucales que presentaban. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, sexo, tipo de lesión, localización, estado higiénico de la prótesis y uso continuo. En la serie predominaron el grupo etario de 80 años y más (38, 5 por ciento) y la estomatitis subprótesis (54,7 por ciento) como lesión más frecuente, fundamentalmente en el paladar (57,3 por ciento). Se recomienda profundizar en el estudio de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal, relacionadas con el uso de prótesis dentales en este grupo poblacional

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 96 elderly with total dental prosthesis was carried out. They were assisted in the Prosthesis Service of Lidia Doce Sánchez Dental Clinic in Guantánamo, from January, 2014 to April, 2015, to determine the oral lesions that they presented. Among the analyzed variables there were: age, sex, type of lesion, localization, hygienic state of the prosthesis and continuous use. In the series there was a prevalence of the 80 years and over age group (38.5 percent) and the subprosthesis stomatitis (54.7 percent) as the most frequent lesion, fundamentally in the palate (57.3 percent). It is recommended to deepen in the study of lesions of the oral mucous, related to the use of dental prosthesis in this population

Factores locales y su relación con lesiones bucales en ancianos portadores de prótesis totales / Local factors and their relationship with oral lesions in elderly with total prostheses

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 96 senescentes portadores de prótesis totales, atendidos en la Clínica Estomatológica Lidia Doce Sánchez de Guantánamo, desde enero de 2014 hasta abril de 2015, con vistas a determinar la relación entre los factores locales y las lesiones de la mucosa bucal presentes en estos ancianos. La información se recogió en un formulario confeccionado al efecto. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, hábitos tóxicos, enfermedades sistémicas e ingestión de medicamentos. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico y empírico. En la serie predominaron el hábito de fumar, la diabetes y la anemia. Se recomendó profundizar en la relación entre las lesiones bucales y los factores locales, así como el uso de prótesis dentales en los adultos mayores

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 96 elderly with total prostheses was carried out. They were assisted at Lidia Doce Sánchez Stomatological Clinic in Guantánamo from January, 2014 to April, 2015, with the purpose of investigating the relationship between the local factors and the oral mucous lesions in these elderly. The information was compiled in a form elaborated for this purpose. The following variables were analyzed: age, toxic habits, systemic diseases and medicine consumption. The methods of theoretical and empirical level were used. In the series there was a prevalence of smoking habit, diabetes and anemia. It was recommended deepening in the relationship between the oral lesions and the local factors, as well as the use of dental prostheses in the elderly

Diagnosis of secondary syphilis through oral lesionsin two patients with negative serology: case reports / Diagnóstico de sífilis secundária através daslesões orais em dois pacientes com sorologia negativa: relatos de caso

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection, and oral lesion can be the first manifestation. The serology test, such as Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test, is accepted as an effective testing strategy for detecting syphilis, although false-negative reaction can occur, and oral lesions may be pivotal to achievethe diagnosis. We report two cases of seronegative secondary syphilis, a human immunodeficiency virus positive patient and a no HIV positive patient,whose histopathological exams were pivotal to achieve the diagnosis of syphilis. The serology may be negative in secondary syphilis and the oral lesionsmay represent the unique method to diagnostic

A sífilis é uma doença sexualmente transmissível, e a lesão oral pode representar sua primeira manifestação. Testes sorológicos, como Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, são rotineiramente utilizados para detecção de sífilis, entretanto, em alguns casos, podem ocorrer resultados falso-negativos. Nesses casos, as lesões orais são essenciais para o diagnóstico. Relatamos dois casos de sífilis secundária com sorologia negativa, em um paciente HIV positivo e um paciente HIV negativo, que obtiveram o diagnóstico de sífilis a partir do exame histopatológico das lesões orais. Os testes sorológicos podem ser negativos na sífilis secundária, e as lesões orais podem representar o único método diagnóstico.

Pénfigo vulgar oral: reporte de un caso clínico / Oral penphigus vulgaris: report of a clinical case

El pénfigo vulgar es el tipo más común de un grupo padecimientos crónicos autoinmunes identificados por la presencia de lesiones ampulosas situadas en las mucosas y piel. El pénfigo vulgar oral (PVO) se caracteriza por la presencia de ampollas localizadas en las encías, paladar blando, carrillos, pero cualquier sitio de la cavidad oral puede ser afectado. Estas lesiones se presentan primero en la cavidad oral y meses después en la piel, por lo que su diagnóstico temprano y oportuno es vital para el pronóstico. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar esta condición clínica en una persona adulta mayor.

Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common of a group of chronic autoim-mune conditions characterized by the presence of mucosal and dermal blisters. In the case of oral pemphigus vulgaris (OPV), these are typi-cally found on the gums, soft palate, and cheeks, though anywhere in the oral cavity can be affected. These lesions appear first in the oral cavity and then, months later, on the skin. Therefore, early diagnosis is crucial for prognosis. The aim of this paper is to present a case report of this condition in an older adul.

Caracterización de adultos mayores con lesiones bucales premalignas y malignas / Characterization of aged adults with premalignant and malignant oral lesions

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 43 adultos mayores con lesiones bucales premalignas y malignas, pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico Universitario "Julián Grimau García" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el 2013, con vistas a caracterizarles según variables seleccionadas. Predominaron los afectados de la séptima década de la vida con lesiones provocadas por la presencia de factores de riesgo, tales como tabaquismo, higiene bucal deficiente y prótesis desajustadas; el paladar duro como la localización anatómica más afectada y la no realización del autoexamen bucal. El uso prolongado de la prótesis influyó negativamente en la aparición de escasas lesiones y la estomatitis subprótesis fue el estado precanceroso más frecuente. Estos resultados mostraron la ineficacia de las acciones de promoción de salud, puesto que no se logró la elevación de la calidad de vida de los ancianos.

A descriptive and cross sectional study of 43 aged adults with premalignant and malignant oral lesions, belonging to the area of "Julián Grimau García" University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba was carried out during the 2013, aimed at characterizing them according to selected variables. Those affected of the seventh decade of life with lesions caused by the presence of risk factors, such as tabaquism, scarce oral hygiene and maladjusted prosthesis, the hard palate as the affected anatomical site and the no practice of the oral self-exam prevailed. The prolonged use of prosthesis influenced negatively in the emergence of scarce lesions and the subprosthesis was the most frequent premalignant state. These results showed the inefficacy of the health promotion actions, since the increase of the patients life quality was not achieved.

A Brief Overview of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder.

Cancer of the oral cavity is one of the most common cancers. Oral cancer is still only detectable at a late stage, and the survival rate for an oral cancer patient has essentially remained unchanged over the past three decades. This study is concentrated on the oral precancerous lesions which are commonly seen in dental clinics and to give the general practitioners Knowledge for early detection of these lesions. A literature search was conducted using Medline, accessed via the National Library of Medicine PubMed interface, searching for articles relating to the precancerous oral lesions written in English.

A 7-year retrospective study of biopsied oral lesions in 460 Iranian patients

Introduction: Frequency of oral lesions is varied in different population and knowledge of diseases prevalence in a geographic location will improve preventive measures. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral biopsied lesions in a major oral pathology laboratory center of city of Tehran. Material and methods: A retrospective study was done on data obtained from the archive of oral and maxillofacial pathology department of Islamic Azad University, dental branch of Tehran, from 2005 to 2011. Following variables were analyzed: age, gender, anatomic location, and the histological results obtained. Lesions were classified to 18 different categories. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 12.0 for windows Xp. All the data were recorded in Microsoft Office Excel for further evaluation and making a data bank to easy access. Results: Of the 460 patients studied, the mean age was 38 years. The most frequent lesions were in the group of reactive lesions (22.51%), followed by odontogenic cysts. The most frequent lesion was radicular cyst and odontogenic keratocyst (keratocystic odontogenic tumor). Malignant lesions constituted 2.38%, of which squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy (1.52%). Mandible was the most common location for occurrence of lesions (32.6%) followed by gingiva (11.95%). Conclusion: Our study provides helpful information of oral lesion's distribution in an Iranian population. The results showed high frequency of odontogenic keratocyst (keratocystic odontogenic tumor) which is not in agreement with other studies and need more evaluation of etiological factors.

A Survey of Oral Health Knowledge and Behavior among HIV-infected Patients / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To assess oral health knowledge and behaviors of self-care among HIV infected patients in Yunnan, China. Methods Questionnaire survey was performed to collect the information about behaviors of oral self-care and seeking medical advice and diets of 216 HIV-infected patients who came from the Third Hospital of Kunming. The data were then statistically analyzed. Results Half of the patients were diagnosed over six months. The smoking of the HIV-positive were serious and the gingival bleeding was less, but there was obvious discomfort in oral cavity when eating. In addition,the standard method of cleaning teeth was below 20%, less of 50%patients could clean the oral cavity in time after diet and they didn't replace their toothbrushes timely. Over half of patients asked artificial tooth and exodontias on treatment. Conclusion It is necessary to pay more attention to the oral health knowledge and self-care behaviors of HIV-infected patients so as to improve the quality of life.

Tuberculosis, the culprit behind nonhealing oral lesions: Report of two cases.

Nonhealing painless lesions of long duration that did not respond to conventional therapy are the diagnostic challenge to clinician. Two such atypical cases of nonhealing oral lesions manifesting as gingival swelling and odontogenic cyst diagnosed histopathologically as primary oral tuberculosis are presented here. The purpose of this presentation is to point out that, in the absence of any apparent systemic infection the oral tuberculous lesions in the mouth may be discovered before the diagnosis of systemic tuberculosis and the histopathological finding of a persistent nonhealing oral lesion is an important aid in arriving at a diagnosis of this underlying condition.

Larva migrans in the oral mucosa: report of two cases

Cutaneous Larva migrans is a very common disease in tropical regions. In the oral mucosa, the infection occurs in the same way as in the skin, but it is rarer. This report describes two cases of Larva migrans in the oral mucosa. The first case was in a 27-year-old woman who presented an erythematous plaque located on the buccal mucosa, extending to a posterior direction, following a linear pattern, to other areas of the mouth. After incisional biopsy of the anterior-most portion of the lesion, morphological details obtained in multiple examined sections suggested Necator or Ancylostoma braziliense larvae as the cause of infection. The second case was in a 35-year-old male who presented a fusiform erythematous plaque in the palatal mucosa. This area was removed and submitted to microscopic examination under a presumptive diagnosis of "parasite migratory stomatitis". The histological characteristics were suggestive of a larva pathway. In both cases the lesion disappeared after biopsy and the patients were symptom-free.

Larva migrans cutânea é uma doença muito comum em regiões tropicais. Na mucosa oral, a infecção ocorre da mesma forma como na pele, mas é raro. Este relato descreve dois casos de Larva migrans na mucosa oral. O primeiro caso foi de uma mulher de 27 anos de idade, que apresentou uma placa eritematosa localizada na mucosa julgal, estendendo-se posteriormente, em conformação linear, para outras áreas da boca. Após biópsia incisional da porção mais anterior da lesão, detalhes morfológicos obtidos em múltiplos cortes examinados sugeriram Necator ou larvas de Ancylostoma braziliense como a causa da infecção. O segundo caso foi de um homem de 35 anos de idade que apresentou uma placa fusiformes eritematosas na mucosa palatina. Esta área foi removida e submetida a exame microscópico, com diagnóstico presuntivo de "estomatite migratória por parasita". As características histológicas foram sugestivas de trajeto de larva. Em ambos os casos a lesão desapareceu após a biópsia e os pacientes estavam assintomáticos.

Flujo salival y lesión bucal en pacientes VIH+ / Salivary flow and oral lesion in HIV +

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la tasa de flujo salival y la presencia de lesiones bucales en un grupo de pacientes VIH+, en correlación con la terapia antirretroviral. Se seleccionaron 82 pacientes adultos de ambos géneros, seropositivos al VIH, que se encontraban sometidos a tratamiento en el Hospital Clementino Fraga/João Pessoa/Brasil. La muestra fue dividida en grupo experimental, con 37 individuos bajo tratamiento antirretroviral y grupo control, con 45 individuos que no se encontraban bajo tratamiento antirretroviral. Se realizó exploración clínica bucal y se determinó el flujo salival en reposo (FSR) y el estimulado (FSE). Se realizó estudio estadístico descriptivo, test de Mann-Whitney y test chi cuadrado, considerando significativos los valores de p<0,05. El promedio del FSR fue 0,34 0,18 ml/min y 0,34 0,17 ml/min en el grupo experimental y control, respectivamente. El promedio del FSE fue 1,68 0,79 ml/min en el grupo experimental y de 1,59 0,73 ml/min en el grupo control, p=0,490. La xerostomía afectó al 24,3% de los pacientes del grupo experimental y 26% del control. No hubo diferencia significativa, p=0,809. El 43% de los pacientes del grupo experimental y el 40% de los del control presentaron lesiones bucales asociadas a la infección por el VIH/SIDA. Entre ellas, la candidiasis constituyó la forma más frecuente, representando un 8,1% y 35,5%, seguida por la leucoplasia vellosa con 2,7% y 11%, sialoadenitis con 8,1% y 4,4% y ulceraciones bucales con 8,1% y 4,9% para el grupo experimental y control, respectivamente. La terapia antirretroviral no causó disfunción en las glándulas salivales y redujo la prevalencia de candidiasis bucal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary flow rate and the presence of oral lesions in a group of patients HIV+, correlating with the active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). 82 adult patients HIV inflected, on treatment in the Hospital Clementino Fraga/João Pessoa/Brazil were selected. The sample was divided in experimental group, with 37 individuals on HAART and group control, with 45 individuals not on HAART. Oral clinical exploration was realized and it determined unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. The test of Mann-Whitney and chi-square test were used, considering the values of p<0.05 significant. The average of the unstimulated salivary flow was 0.34±0.18 ml/min and 0.34±0.17 ml/min in the experimental and control groups respectively. The average of the stimulated salivary flow was 1.68±0.79 ml/min in the experimental group and of 1.59±0.73 ml/min in the group control, p=0.490. The xerostomia affected 24.3% of the patients of experimental group and 26% of the control. p=0.809. 43% of the patients in the experimental group and 40% of the patients in the control group presented HIV - associated oral lesions. The candidiasis was the most frequent (8.1% and 35.5%), followed by hairy leukoplakia (2.7% and 11%), sialoadenosis (8.1% and 4.4%) and ulcerations (8.1% and 4.9%) for the experimental and control groups respectively. The antiretroviral therapy did not cause dysfunction in the salivary glands and reduced the prevalence of oral candidiasis

Prevention and treatment of oral lesion in AIDS by Chinese herb gargle / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the effects of self-made Chinese sherbal gargle on AIDS related oral lesion.Methods 353 hospitalized AIDS patients from June 2007 to December 2009 were divided randomly into the experimental group(179 patients)and the control group(174 patients).ALL the patients were treated with systemic anti-viral therapy while the experimental group was mouthwashed by self-made herbal gargle and the control group with normal saline solution.The incidence of new oral lesion and the changes of the originM lesion were observed.Results The incidence of new oral lesion in the experimental group was obviously lower than that of the control group.The cure rate and effective rate of original oral lesion were much higher than the control group.Conclusions Self-made herbal gargle shows good effect in preventing and treating the AIDS related oral lesion.