Therapeutic effect evaluation of the modified nipple orthotic device in the treatment of type Ⅱ and Ⅲ inverted nipple / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical application and efficacy of treatment in inverted nipple with a kind of lactation function preserved method of minimally invasive surgery.@*Methods@#96 patients with type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ inverted nipple admitted by our hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were selected for treatment by modified self-made nipple orthotic device. Following up 7 months to 5 years to observe the effect of nipple correction and lactation function.@*Results@#87 cases of the patients received satisfactory therapeutic effect, and the lactation function was not affected; 2 cases of type Ⅱ and 3 cases of type Ⅲ inverted nipple were evaluated as medium, with mild nipple retraction; 4 cases were worn for less than 1 month, and the outcome was poor.@*Conclusions@#The modified nipple orthotic device is suitable for type Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients with inverted nipple, which is simple and effective method in nipple inversion.

Effects of a Resting Foot Splint in Early Brain Injury Patients

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of the resting foot splint to prevent ankle contracture. METHODS: We performed a randomized controlled trial in 33 patients with brain injury with ankle dorsiflexor weakness (muscle power ≤grade 2). Both groups continued conventional customized physical therapy, but the patients in the foot splint group were advised to wear a resting foot splint for more than 12 hours per day for 3 weeks. The data were assessed before and 3 weeks after the study. The primary outcome was the change in ankle dorsiflexion angle after 3 weeks. RESULTS: Before the study, there were no differences between groups in gender, age, time post-injury, brain injury type, initial edema, spasticity, passive range of ankle dorsiflexion, Fugl-Meyer score (FMS), or Functional Ambulation Classification. A significant improvement in ankle dorsiflexion angle, and FMS was found after 3 weeks in both groups. The splint group showed more spasticity than the control group after 3 weeks (p=0.04). The change of ankle dorsiflexion angle, foot circumference, spasticity, and FMS after adjusting initial value and spasticity were not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Wearing a resting foot splint for 3 weeks did not affect joint mobility in patients with subacute brain injury regularly attending personalized rehabilitation programs. Further studies of larger sample sizes with well controlled in spasticity are required to evaluate the effects of the resting foot splint.

Different types of orthoses in stroke patients with hemiplegia:Functional effects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The appropriate choice of orthoses based on hemiplegic patient’s condition can improve motor function recovery in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE:To review the motor function recovery of stroke patients with hemiplegia wearing different types of orthoses. METHODS:Application of different types of orthoses in hemiplegic patients was reviewed through access to literature, as wel as effects of a variety of orthoses on the recovery of motor functions in hemiplegic patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Orthoses can reduce limb muscle tension and muscle spasms, and improve motor function and overal daily living skil s in stroke patients with hemiplegia, which play a variety of roles, including stable support, fixed protection, correction of deformity and functional compensation. However, the long-term therapeutic effect of orthoses cannot be verified because of fewer cases, shorter time for therapeutic observation, and the lack of long-term fol ow-up. It is necessary to perform long-term fol ow-up for the verification of long-term efficacy of orthoses. Meanwhile, the appropriate timing for removal of orthoses needs further study.

Effectiveness of Newly Designed Modified Extension-Type Sling for the Subluxated Shoulder in Hemiplegia

OBJECTIVE: To test the effectiveness of the METS (modified extension-type sling) in reducing subluxation in patients with hemiplegic shoulders, and to assess the functional support of METS as the angle of the elbow changes. METHOD: Sixteen flaccid hemiplegics were assessed by the anteroposterior shoulder radiographs. Three parameters, vertical distance (VD), horizontal distance (HD) and joint distance (JD), were measured on both affected and unaffected sides before and after the fitting of the METS and the Bobath sling. Three parameters were also measured in each elbow flexion angle (0degrees, 30degrees, 60degrees, 90degrees) after the fitting of the METS and extension-type sling with a forearm cuff to evaluate the effectiveness in the dynamic condition. RESULTS: In the Bobath sling, the mean values of VD and JD reduced significantly (p0.05). In the Bobath sling, VD, HD and JD were different from the unaffected side (p0.05). As the elbow flexion angle increased with the METS, three parameters were not different from the unaffected side (p>0.05), but with the extension-type sling with a forearm cuff, VD and JD were different from the unaffected side (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The METS was more effective not only in the reduction of the hemiplegic shoulder subluxation, but also in the maintenance of reduction as the elbow flexion angle changes within various activities.

Comparative study on caries activity between orthodontically treated and untreated children / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of fixed orthodo ntic appliances on caries activity in children. Methods: By the use of Dentocult SM, Dentocult LB and Cariostat (CAT), the caries activi ty in 35 children aged 12～14-year-old treated with edgewise appliances was compared with that in 35 untreated ones. Results: The val ues of Dentocult SM, Dentocult LB and Cariostat (CAT) in orthodontically treate d children were significantly higher than those in untreated ones(P