MicroRNA-150-5p inhibits the proliferation and invasion of human larynx epidermiod cancer cells though regulating peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-150-5p regulating the malignant biological behavior of Human Epidermoid cancer cell (HEp-2) by targeting peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-Interacting-1 (PIN1). Methods Firstly, qRT-PCR and Western blot were adopted to detect the expression levels of miR-150-5p and PIN1 in cancer tissue and paracancerous tissues of patients with LSCC, and those in human bronchial epithelial cells (16 HBE) and HEp-2. Next, the targeted relationship between miR-150-5p and PIN1 was assessed by bioinformatics website and dual-luciferase reporter assay, followed by their correlation analysis. Besides, after interfering with miR-150-5p or PIN1 expression in HEp-2 cells, CCK-8, cell colony formation assay, and transwell assay were utilized to detect the proliferation, viability, and invasion of cells, respectively. Subsequently, the protein levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and EMT-related proteins in HEp-2 cells were checked by Western blot. Results Expression of miR-150-5p was down-regulated in LSCC tissues and HEp-2 cells. Moreover, miR-150-5p suppressed proliferation and invasion of HEp-2 cells, affected protein expression related to MMP and EMT, thereby inhibiting development of cancer. The expression of PIN1 was significantly increased in cancer tissues and HEp-2 cells, and there was a targeted relationship and negative correlation between miR-150-5p and PIN1 in cancer tissue. However, overexpression of PIN1 could reverse the effect of miR-150-5p on the proliferation and invasion of HEp-2 cells. Conclusion In a nutshell, there is a targeted relationship between PIN1 and miR-150-5p. Besides, miR-150-5p can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of HEp-2 cells by regulating the expression of PIN1. Level of evidence 3.

Reabilitação estética e funcional com resina composta após trauma dentário: relato de caso / Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation with composite resin after dental trauma: case report

As lesões dentárias traumáticas são um problema de saúde pública mundial, dentre as quais a fratura dentária é a de maior ocorrência, envolvendo principalmente os dentes anteriores. A abordagem de grandes fraturas anteriores é um desafio para cirurgiões dentistas de qualquer nível pois, além da função, afetam diretamente a estética do paciente, fazendo-se necessário um planejamento que envolva diferentes especialidades na odontologia. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de reabilitação funcional e estética de fratura dentária nos incisivos centrais superiores envolvendo tratamento endodôntico, instalação de pino de fibra de vidro e restauração direta em resina composta. Relato de Caso: O paciente de 17 anos sofreu fratura nos incisivos centrais superiores causada por uma queda de bicicleta. Devido à busca tardia por tratamento o elemento 21 foi diagnosticado com necrose pulpar e, portanto, foi submetido à tratamento endodôntico pela Técnica Crown Down e reabilitação com pino de fibra de vidro Splendor-SAP. Posteriormente, os elementos 11 e 21 foram restaurados com facetas diretas em resina composta pela técnica incremental. Conclusão: A reabilitação com instalação de pino de fibra de vidro associada à técnica de estratificação incremental em resina composta se mostra como uma boa opção para reabilitação estética pois permite dar forma anatômica ao dente com riqueza de detalhes na estratificação da dentina e esmalte, além de máxima preservação da estrutura dental. Os resultados obtidos reforçam o sucesso estético e funcional com significativo impacto na qualidade de vida do paciente(AU)

Traumatic dental injuries are a worldwide public health problem, among which dental fractures are the most frequent, mainly involving the anterior teeth. The approach of large anterior fractures is a challenge for dental surgeons of any level because, in addition to function, they directly affect the patient's esthetics, requiring a plan that involves different specialties in dentistry. Objective: Report a clinical case of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of dental fractures in maxillary central incisors involving endodontic treatment, installation of a fiberglass post and direct restoration in composite resin. Case Report: The 17-year-old patient suffered a fracture in the upper central incisors caused by a fall from a bicycle. Due to the late search for treatment, element 21 was diagnosed with pulp necrosis and, therefore, underwent endodontic treatment using the Crown Down Technique and rehabilitation with a Splendor-SAP fiberglass pin. Later, elements 11 and 21 were restored with direct veneers in composite resin using the incremental technique. Conclusion: Rehabilitation with the installation of a fiberglass post associated with the incremental layering technique in composite resin is a good option for aesthetic rehabilitation as it allows the anatomical shape of the tooth with rich details in the layering of dentin and enamel, in addition to maximum preservation of the tooth structure. The results obtained reinforce the aesthetic and functional success with a significant impact on the patient's quality of life(AU)

The Long?Forgotten Technique of Pin Retained Restoration ? A Case Report

To restore severely damaged teeth to the greatest state for health, function, and aesthetics continues to be a challenge for all practising dental surgeons. A pin retained restoration is an intricate restoration involving the insertion of one or more pins into the dentin to provide sufficient resistance and retention. These pins help in anchoring dental amalgam or composite to the tooth structure. This auxiliary retentive means help in the restoration of mutilated teeth in young individuals whose pulp chambers are relatively large and the dentinal tubules are comparatively immature. This case study sheds insights on the successful rehabilitation of a severely damaged premolar tooth with pins and composite resin restoration.

Efficacy of osteochondral fragment fixation using bioabsorbable pins for Hepple Ⅱ osteochondral lesions of the talus in adolescents / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of osteochondral fragment fixation using bioabsorbable pins for Hepple Ⅱ osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) in adolescents.Methods:Retrospective case analysis was used. The clinical data and follow-up results of 13 adolescent patients (13 feet) with Hepple Ⅱ OLT were all treated with osteochondral fragment fixation using bioabsorbable pins admitted to Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 6 females, with 13 right feet. The age was (14.85±2.23) years old, ranged from 12 to 18 years old. According to the American orthopedic foot and ankle society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and SF-36 score before operation and at the last follow-up were used to evaluate the efficacy and function of the patients. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as mean ± standard deviation( ± s), and the comparison between groups was conducted using the t-test; The mearsurement data with skewness distribution were expressed by M( Q1, Q3), and rank-sum test was used for inter-group comparison. Results:Thirteen adolescent patients (13 feet) with Hepple Ⅱ OLT underwent surgery successfully and were followed up for (25.54±9.95) months. All wounds healed by first intention, and no complications such as wound infection and delayed healing occurred. Preoperative AOFAS ankle-posterior foot score, VAS and SF-36 score were 58.62±3.55, 7.00 (6.50, 8.00) and 68.38±4.81, respectively. At the last follow-up, the scores were 97.38±2.73, 1.00 (0.00, 1.00), 91.15±4.28, respectively, and the results were significantly improved at the last follow-up, with the difference between the two groups statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusion:Osteochondral fragment fixation using bioabsorbable pins which can promote cartilage repair, significantly improve symptoms, and achieve better clinical satisfaction with fewer complications, is a safe and effective surgical treatment option for Hepple Ⅱ OLT in adolescents with satisfactory short-term clinical outcomes.

Effect of Pin Holes Location of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty on Postoperative Tibial Plateau Mechanical Properties / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The purpose of this study is to explore the biomechanical characteristics of the tibia after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with different distributions of two-pin holes, and to optimize the two-pin holes scheme to reduce the risk of tibial fractures after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.@*METHODS@#Lower limbs model is segmented and reconstructed from computed tomography images. Four combinations of two pin holes created for tibial cutting guide placement are simulated with finite element analysis.@*RESULTS@#In the third mode, the positioning hole at the proximal medial edge of the tibial plateau has the highest stress value, and the position of the positioning hole near the medial edge of the proximal tibial plateau appears stress concentration.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The present study revealed that placing tibial cutting guide holding pins centrally would lower the risks of periprosthetic fracture of the medial tibial plateau.

Open safety pin in the pediatric airway: Our experiences at a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Aspiration of an open safety pin in the airway is an extremely rare and critical condition that needs immediate and safe removal of the foreign body (FB). An open safety pin in the airway of the pediatric patient requires urgent recognition. Imaging will confirm the exact site of the open safety pin in the airway. Rigid bronchoscopy with optical forceps or grasping forceps is an ideal tool for the removal of the open safety pin from the airway. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical details, management, and outcome of pediatric patients with an inhaled open safety pin in the laryngotracheal airway. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study done between November 2016 and December 2021. There were six children with inhaled open safety pins in the laryngotracheal airway. The diagnosis was done through proper history taking, clinical examination, and the X-ray of the neck and chest of the children. All children underwent rigid bronchoscopy with optical forceps to remove the open safety pin. Results: Out of the six children, four were boys and two were girls. Out of the six cases, four were in the proximal part of the airway and two were seen in the distal airway. The most common clinical presentation was coughing. In this study, open safety pins of the pediatric airway were removed successfully under general anesthesia with the help of a rigid bronchoscope. Conclusion: Open safety pin is rarely found in the laryngotracheal airway. Open safety pin may cause a life- threatening complication. During the removal of the open safety pin, the surgeon should maintain maximum care to not injure the surrounding structures by the sharp end of the open safety pin.

STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN DISPLACED BIMALLEOLAR FRACTURE TREATED WITH FIBULAR PLATING FOR LATERAL MALLEOLUS AND PINNING OR SCREW FOR MEDIAL MALLEOLUS

Fractures of the ankle joint are among the commonest fractures in adults, with an incidence of up to 174 cases per 100 000 persons per year1. A study was conducted to learn the functional outcome of displaced bimalleolar fracture treated with ?bular plating for lateral malleolus and pinning or screw for medial malleolus. For a good long-term functional outcome to be achieved, reliable early evaluation is crucial so that it can be determined whether the problem is a distortion (sprain), ligament rupture, bony ligament avulsion, or fracture of the talocrural joint. The proper treatment is chosen on the basis of the mechanism of the accident and the correct classi?cation of the injury and accompanying soft-tissue damage. The goal of treatment is to enable the patient to put his or her full weight on the joint once again without pain and to prevent permanent damage2. In this study, a total of 25 patients were included. Detailed history and clinical ?ndings are con?rmed and noted. After surgery patients followed on at 1 month, 3 months & 6 months, and thereafter yearly for their radiological and functional outcome

Cannulated screws with sutures for treatment of transverse patellar fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of cannulated screws with sutures in the treatment of patellar transverse fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of the data of 70 patients with patellar transverse fracture who had been admitted to Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to March 2021. According to the construction methods for the tension band, the patients were divided into 3 groups. In group A of 21 cases subjected to fixation with cannulated screws with sutures (Fiber-Tape), there were 8 males and 13 females with a median age of 55.0 (48.0, 65.0) years; in group B of 32 cases subjected to fixation with Kirschner wire tension band, there were 15 males and 17 females with a median age of 52.5 (41.5, 63.0) years; in group C of 17 cases subjected to fixation with Cable-Pin system, there were 5 males and 12 females with a median age of 55.0 (37.0, 65.0) years. The 3 groups were compared in terms of complications, secondary surgery (removal of internal fixation), operation time, intraoperative blood loss and knee function rated by the Lysholm and B?stman scores at the last follow-up.Results:There were no significant differences in the preoperative general data between the 3 groups, showing they were comparable ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative blood transfusion or follow-up time among the 3 groups ( P > 0.05). The incidence of soft tissue irritation [4.8% (1/21)] and the secondary operation rate [4.8% (1/21)] in group A were significantly lower than those in group B [43.8% (14/32) and 37.5% (12/32)] and group C [41.2% (7/17) and 35.3% (6/17)] ( P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between group B and group C ( P > 0.05). In groups A, B and C, respectively, the Lysholm knee score was 84.0 (69.0, 88.0), 89.0 (71.5, 95.0) and 82.0 (63.0, 90.0), and the B?stman knee score 26.0 (23.0, 28.0), 26.5 (24.0, 27.5) and 26.0 (22.0, 28.0), showing no significant difference ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference either in the incidence of other complications among the 3 groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of patellar transverse fractures, compared with the Kirschner wire tension band and Cable-Pin system, cannulated screws with sutures (Fiber-Tape) may lead to a lower incidence of soft tissue irritation and a lower rate of secondary surgery, but no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, other complications or postoperative functional scores.

Effects of Pin1 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells Under Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the expression of Pin1 protein in HepG2 cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and its effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods The THLE3 cells were treated with tunicamycin (TM) (TM group) or DMSO (DMSO group) for 48h. The HepG2 cells were treated with TM (TM group), ATRA(ATRA group), TM+ATRA (TM+ATRA group) or DMSO (DMSO group) for 48h. The protein levels of Bip and Pin1 were detected by Western blot, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results The expression of Bip both increased in THLE3 and HepG2 cells treated with TM, indicated that TM effectively induced ERS in cells. Compared with the DMSO group, the protein level of Pin1 in THLE3 cells in TM group was decreased with the increasing of TM concentration (P < 0.001). In TM+ATRA group, with the increasing of TM concentration, the expression of Pin1 was decreased in HepG2 cells (P < 0.01). The inhibitory rates was (29.33±4.73)% in HepG2 cells in TM group, significantly lower than (60.33±2.08)% in THLE3 cells in TM group (P < 0.001). In TM+ATRA group, the growth inhibition rates was increased to (60.33±6.03)% in HepG2 cells. The apoptosis rate of THLE3 cells in TM group was (22.25±0.78)%, significantly higher than (3.57±0.31)% in DMSO group (P < 0.01). The apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells in ATRA group and TM+ATRA group were significantly higher than that in the DMSO group ((10.03±0.49)% vs. (5.10±1.00)%, P < 0.05 and (23.70±0.75)% vs. (5.10±1.00)%, P < 0.01). Conclusions HepG2 cells resist ERS-induced apoptosis by maintaining Pin1 protein level. Reducing the protein level of Pin1 can significantly inhibit the cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.

Genome-wide identification and transcriptional profiling analysis of PIN/PILS auxin transporter gene families in Panax ginseng / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Plant hormones act as chemical messengers in the regulation of plant development and metabolism. The production of ginsenosides in Panax hybrid is promoted by auxins that are transported and accumulated by PIN-FORMED (PIN) and PIN-LIKES (PILS) auxin transporters. However, genome-wide studies of PIN/PILS of ginseng are still scarce. In current study, identification and transcriptional profiling of PIN/PILS gene families, as well as their potential relationship with ginsenoside biosynthesis in Panax ginseng were investigated. Methods: PIN/PILS genes in P. ginseng was identified via in silico genome-wide analysis, followed by phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, and protein profiles investigation. Moreover, previously reported RNA-sequence data from various tissues and roots after infection were utilized for PIN/PILS genes expression pattern analysis. The Pearson's correlation analysis of specific PIN/PILS genes expression level and main ginsenoside contents were taken to reveal the potential relationship between auxin transports and ginsenoside biosynthesis in P. ginseng. Results: A genome-wide search of P. ginseng genome for homologous auxin transporter genes identified a total of 17 PIN and 11 PILS genes. Sequence alignment, putative motif organization, and sub-cellular localization indicated redundant and complementary biological functions of these PIN/PILS genes. Most PIN/PILS genes were differentially expressed in a tissue-specific manner, and showed significant correlations with ginsenoside content correspondingly. Eight auxin transporter genes, including both PIN and PILS subfamily members, were positively correlated with ginsenoside content (cor > 0.60; P-value <0.05). The expression levels of eleven auxin transporter genes were increased dramatically in the early stage (0–0.5 DPI) after Cylindrocarpon destructans infection, accompanied with various overall expression patterns, implying the dynamic auxin transport in response to biotic stress. Conclusion: Based on the results, we speculate that the accumulation or depletion in temporal or spatial manner of auxin by PIN/PILS transporters involved in the regulation of HMGR activity and subsequent ginsenoside biosynthesis.

The mechanism of Pin1 mediated oxidative stress of vascular endothelial cells involved in severe heat stroke induced acute lung injury / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the molecules mechanism of Pin1 in severe heat stroke induced acute lung injury by observing Pin1 regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis formation in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and lung tissue in heat stressed mice.Methods:In vitro, a PMVECs heat stress (HS) model was established. In the control group, PMVECs were placed in a standard 37 °C, 5% CO 2 cell incubator; in the HS group, PMVECs were placed in a 43 °C cell incubator for 2 h, then the cells were further incubated at 37 °C for 1, 3, 6 or 12 h. PMVECs were pretreated with Pin1 inhibitor Juglone (1 μmol/L) 1 h before 43 °C of HS. In vivo, a severe heat stroke mouse model was established. In the HS group, the mice were kept at the simulation of climate chamber with temperature (35.5±0.5) °C, humidity (60±5)%, the rectum temperature in mice was measured by the anal rectal temperature table, when the temperature reached 42 °C, the heat exposure was stopped, and the mice were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 or 12 h after HS. In the control group, the mice were kept at room temperature (25±0.5) °C. Mice received daily intraperitoneal administration of Pin1 inhibitor Juglone (1 mg/kg) for 3 d before HS. The protein level of Pin1, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot, the level of O 2-˙ in cells was observed by DHE staining and fluorescence microscopy, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissue were measured by ELISA, the pathological changes of mice in different group were detected by HE staining, and the expression of Pin1 in the lung tissue of different groups was detected by immunohistochemical staining, the apoptosis rate of the lung tissue in different groups was tested by TUNEL staining. Results:At 1 h after HS, the protein expression of Pin1 in PMVECs and lung tissue began to increase in a rewarming time-dependent manner ( F=771.6, P<0.05; F=1 035, P<0.05). Cleaved caspase-9 protein in PMVECs and lung tissue started to increase at 3 h post-HS, then increased with a rewarming time-dependent manner ( F=729.8, P<0.05; F=1 773, P<0.05). The protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 in PMVECs and lung tissue also started to increase at 3 h after HS and the expression continued to be increased with prolonged rewarming time, and the trend was consistent with cleaved caspase-9 ( F=1 084, P<0.05; F=1 252, P<0.05). In addition, HS induced the increased release of O 2-˙ from PMVECs, HS induced the imbalance of oxidation-antioxidant system in lung tissue of mice after HS which verified by the continuous release of MDA ( F=114.2, P<0.05) and the continuous inhibition of SOD activity ( F=99.15, P<0.05). Compared with the HS group, pretreatment with Pin1 inhibitor Juglone in PMVECs and mice before HS significantly inhibited the protein expression of Pin1, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 (all P<0.05), pretreatment with Pin1 inhibitor greatly reduced the release of O 2-˙ in PMVECs after HS, and promoted the restore of the oxidation-antioxidant system balance of lung tissue in mice with severe heat stroke. In addition, compared with the HS group, inhibiting the expression of Pin1 significantly decreased HS induced MDA release [(11.53±0.84) nmol/mL vs (9.65±0.69) nmol/mL, t=12.52, P<0.05], promoted the restore of SOD activity [(41.18±3.45) U/mL vs (57.52±4.83) U/mL, t=5.57, P<0.05] and improved the pathological damage of lung tissue as well as decreased the occurrence of apoptosis in post-HS mice. Conclusion:It was confirmed that Pin1 is involved in heat stress induced acute lung injury mainly through mediating oxidative stress response and apoptosis.

Foreign Body in Maxillary Deciduous First Molar – A Case Report

Introduction: Children have a tendency to explore andinteract with their external environment by placing andchewing objects in their mouth.Case report: This article reports a case of lodgement of astaple pin in a neglected decay in the left maxillary deciduousfirst molar in a six year old male patient. The child reportedof pain which was spontaneous and aggravated on chewing.An emergency extraction of the tooth involved was performedunder local anaesthesia.Conclusion: In conclusion, this article further stresses on theneed of periodic examination of the overall oral health status inchildren and perform necessary early preventive procedures.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 inhibitors / 药学学报

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 is over-expressed in prostate cancer cells and the level of expression correlates with the malignancy grade and prognosis in patients. In this work, twenty-one 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylthio) acetic acid derivatives were designed and prepared with the aid of the crystal structure of Pin1 and our previous work. The chemical structures of the target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-MS and IR. The inhibitory activity of compounds 6a-6i and 13a-13i against Pin1 were determined using a protease-coupled assay. The results indicated that twenty compounds were significantly superior to the positive control drug Juglone, and 6g, 6h and 13i exhibited the most potent Pin1 inhibitory activity, with IC50 values at the sub-micromolar level. The in vitro anti-proliferative activities of these analogs were evaluated by the MTT assay and several showed a moderate effect in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that both the benzimidazole skeleton and the thioacetic acid fragment were indispensable for the compounds to interact with key residues in the catalytic domain of Pin1.

Advantages and improvement strategies of ilizarov technique in the treatment of tibial bone defect / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Ilizarov technique has obvious advantages in the treatment of tibial bone defect and can be used to treat various types of tibial bone defect. However, there are still many shortcomings in this technology, which need to be solved urgently. OBJECTIVE: To review the advantages, shortcomings and improvement strategies of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of tibia bone defect. METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases from 1971 to 2019 were retrieved with the key words of “bone defect, bone transport, accordion maneuver, ultrasonography, energy spectrum CT, pin site infection” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totally 57 eligible articles were included to systematically summarize the advantages, shortcomings and improvement strategies of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of tibia bone defect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Ilizarov technology has obvious advantages in the treatment of the tibia bone defect, combined with soft tissue injury, infection and deformity of the tibia bone defect. (2) New disinfectants, accordion technology, color Doppler ultrasound and energy spectrum CT are effective treatment methods for complications of bone transport technology, such as pin site infection, poor mineralization of new bone in the transfer area, and difficulty in healing at the docking site. These methods can reduce the incidence of complications. (3) It is still necessary to improve the existing treatment techniques or choose new methods to further reduce the incidence of complications.

Preliminary study of medication rule of syndrome differentiation treatment for optic atrophy by TCM master Pin-zheng Liao based on data mining / 中草药

Objective: To dig out and analyze the medication rule of optic atrophy treatment by TCM master Pin-zheng Liao using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System, and summarize and explore its potential new prescription. Methods: A total of 90 TCM prescriptions for the treatment of optic atrophy by Pin-zheng Liao were collected. Based on frequency statistics, association rule, entropy clustering method rule analysis and other data mining methods, the law and characteristics of drugs were excavated. Results: A total of 113 herbs were included in 90 prescriptions, the most frequently used Chinese herbs were Lycium barbarum, Ganoderma lucidum, etc. Tonic drugs were used the most, the medicated herbs were usually sweet and peace, the Chinese herbs which belong to the liver channel were the most in channel tropism drugs. Seventeen combinations of commonly used drugs were obtained by association rule analysis. Based on entropy clustering method rule analysis, 10 potential new prescriptions were obtained. Conclusion: TCM master Pin-zheng Liao believes that optic atrophy is closely related to liver, spleen and idney. Blood stasis and vein obstruction is the main pathogenesis of the disease. The drugs with effects of activating blood circulation and dredging the meridians, tonifying liver and kidney were recommended for the treating.

Fibular fixation in tibiofibular fractureses / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

Background@#Treatment of adult tibiofibular fractures, especially severely comminuted fractures, is technically challenging due to the lack of reduction markers and difficulty in restoring the alignment. Fixation of the fibula can facilitate reduction of the tibia fracture and restoration of the lower extremity alignment.@*Methods@#Between 2018-2019 we have operated on 50 patients who have lie on the same plane of tibiafibular fractures. Measures of angulation were obtained from radiographs taken immediately after the surgery, a second time 3 months later, and at 3-month follow-up. The analysis was performed with STATA.@*Results@#Fixating fractures of tibia and fibula at same level were not shown to have complications on the development of nonunion including fibular shortening, hindfoot alignment, slow process of nonunion and unstableness.@*Conclusions@#We recommend fibular fixation in all 50 distal fractures when both fractures lie on the same plane and the tibial fracture is relatively stabilized.

Influence of a retentive shoulder design to prevent early failure of three core build-ups

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of a retentive shoulder design to prevent early failure of three resin composite build-ups on molars. Ninety-six intact extracted human maxillary third molars were assigned to two groups (n=48) based on occlusal, buccal cusps only and all cusps reduction. The groups were divided into two subgroups: pin retained and non-pin retained build-ups resulting in four groups (n=24), according the cusps reduction: pin retained/partial, pin retained/complete, non-pin retained/partial, non-pin retained/complete. Occlusal reduction was 3 mm with a semi-lunar retentive shoulder of 3 mm and an axial wall height of 1.5 mm. Groups were restored using a microhybrid, flowable or titanium reinforced resin composite. Modified self-curing acrylic resin provisional crowns were fabricated, cemented with non-eugenol temporary cement and thermal cycled. An instron machine applied tension to the provisional crowns parallel to the long axis of the tooth until dislodgement. A three-way analysis of variance was conducted on the influence of the variables on the retention of the core build-up. Ninety-three build-ups were retained under tensile load, while three core build-ups without pins were dislodged. Three-way analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference between core build-ups using a retentive shoulder and pin retained core build-ups when tested under tensile load. With the advent of adhesive systems, increased surface area and retentive shoulder design can provide a retentive core foundation to prevent early failures of core build-ups during indirect restoration fabrication which will contribute to the longevity of final restorations.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a influência de um preparo retentivo em forma de ombro para prevenir a falha precoce de núcleos de preenchimento realizados em molares com 3 diferentes tipos de resina composta. Noventa e seis terceiros molares superiores hígidos extraídos de humanos, foram divididos em dois grupos (n=48) de acordo com o tipo de redução oclusal: em todas as cúspides (total) ou nas cúspides vestibulares (parcial). Os grupos foram divididos em dois subgrupos: núcleos retidos a pinos e não retidos a pinos, resultando em quatro grupos (n=24): redução oclusal total/retido a pino, redução oclusal parcial/retido a pino, redução oclusal total/não retido a pino, redução oclusal parcial/não retido a pino. A redução oclusal foi de 3 mm com um ombro retentivo semilunar de 3 mm e uma altura de parede axial de 1,5 mm. Os grupos foram restaurados utilizando resina composta microhíbrida, fluível ou reforçada com titânio. Foram confeccionadas coroas provisórias de resina acrílica autopolimerizável modificada, cimentadas com cimento provisório sem eugenol e termocicladas. Uma máquina universal de ensaios foi utilizada para tracionar as coroas provisórias paralelamente ao longo eixo do dente até o seu deslocamento. Análise de variância de 3 fatores foi aplicada para avaliar o efeito dos fatores na retenção do núcleo. Noventa e três núcleos de preenchimento permaneceram retidos sob a carga de tração, enquanto três núcleos de preenchimento sem pinos foram deslocados. A análise de variância não mostrou diferença significante entre os núcleos de preenchimento com desenho retentivo e os núcleos de preenchimento retidos a pinos. Com o advento dos sistemas adesivos, o aumento da área de superfície e o desenho retentivo dos ombros podem fornecer um preparo retentivo para evitar falhas precoces nos núcleos de preenchimento durante a fabricação de restaurações indiretas, o que contribuirá para a longevidade das restaurações finais.

Light and auxin signaling cross-talk programme root development in plants

Root development in plants is affected by light and phytohormones. Different ranges of light wavelength influence rootpatterning in a particular manner. Red and white light promote overall root development, whereas blue light has bothpositive as well as negative role in these processes. Light-mediated root development primarily occurs through modulationof synthesis, signaling and transport of the phytohormone auxin. Auxin has been shown to play a critical role in rootdevelopment. It is being well-understood that components of light and auxin signaling cross-talk with each other. However,the signaling network that can modulate the root development is an intense area of research. Currently, limited informationis available about the interaction of these two signaling pathways. This review not only summarizes the current findings onhow different quality and quantity of light affect various aspects of root development but also present the role of auxin inthese developmental aspects starting from lower to higher plants.

Thoracoscopic repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with hernia-ring pin in neonates / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the indications and outcomes of thoracoscopic repair with hernia-ring pin (TRHP) applied in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).Methods Fifty-six cases diagnosed as CDH were collected from Department of Neonatal Surgery or Cardiothoracic Surgery in Wuhan Children's Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology from May 2013 to September 2018.Patients were divided into thoracoscopic repair (TR) group and TRHP group,and the data,including birth weight,pregnant weeks,ages at operation,hospital stay postoperatively and the number of recurrence cases were compared,between the 2 groups.The size of defect was coded into A,B,C and D grades.Status of patients was grouped into Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ stages according to the defect size and complicated congenital heart disease.Results There were 7 cases in TRHP group,including 3 boys and 4 girls.Four cases belonged to A-class defect and 3 cases were of B-class defect,respectively.The contents of the hernia included small intestine,colon,kidney and spleen.Six cases presented left CDH and 1 case presented right CDH.One of the left CDH cases and the 1 right CDH case had hernia sac.The right CDH neonate presented haematuria in the first day and the second day postoperatively,whose symptom disappeared after treatment.The follow-up time was (12.17 ± 3.41) months,and no recurrent cases were found.All the cases in TRHP group belonged to Ⅰ or Ⅱ stage.There were 49 cases in the TR group.Among them,29 cases belonged to class-A defect,18 cases class-B defect,and 4 cases class-C defect,respectively.Cases classified into A and B defects were in stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ,and cases classified into C defect were in stage Ⅲ.In those 45 cases belonged to A or B defect,40 cases presented left CDH and 5 case presented right CDH.Among them,5 neonates had hernia sac.The contents of the hernia included small intestine,colon,kidney and spleen.There were significant differences in the operative time [(83.47 ± 10.28) min vs.(54.29 ± 17.09) min,P ＜0.05] and length of stay postoperatively [(12.76 ±5.89) d vs.(7.86 ± 2.03) d,P ＜ 0.05] in both groups.TRHP was carried out by the same surgeon,and he also operated on other 18 cases in TR group.Compared with the operative time of cases operated by the same surgeon in both groups,significant difference was found [(83.47 ± 10.28) min vs.(54.29 ± 17.09) min,P ＜ 0.05].The cases were followed up for (46.17 ± 6.92) months postoperatively and 4 recurrent cases were tracked.One A defect and 1 B defect patients had recurrence 1 month or 2 months postoperatively.Two C defect cases were found to have recurrence postoperatively in 2 months or 6 months,respectively.All 4 cases mentioned above recovered by reoperation.The risk of recurrence in C defect CDH cases existed as high as 21.5 times compared with the A or B defect cases.Conclusions It is safe to repair CDH by THRP in neonates with CDH A or B defect,for their operative time may be shorter.TRHP should be highly recommend for CDH cases with A or B defect.

Desgaste dentinário seletivo associado à pino de fibra de vidro: relato de caso / Selective Dentin Removal Associated to the Fiberglass pin: Case Report / Desgaste Dentinario Selectivo Asociado con Pin de Fibra de Vidrio: Reporte de Caso

Introdução:Pigmentação dentináriaintrínseca pode comprometer a estética do sorriso e causar constrangimento ao sorrir. Essas manchas podem ser resultado da presença de materiais restauradores na coroa após tratamento endodôntico, hemorragia intracoronária, decomposição de detritos intrapulpares, medicamentos de uso intracanal e materiais obturadores. Objetivo:relatar um caso clínico dedesgaste dentinário seletivo associado à restauração com resina composta e pino de fibra de vidro. Metodologia:paciente do gênero masculino, 23anos, buscou atendimento odontológico queixando-se depigmentaçãodentáriano incisivo central após tratamento endodôntico e restauração classe IV de resina composta escurecida. Constatada a normalidade do tratamento endodôntico, iniciou-se o tratamento. Foi removida com pontas diamantadas e acesso palatinotoda pigmentação que comprometia a estética do sorriso, bem como a restauração em resina composta de cor e forma insatisfatória.Na sequência, após isolamento absoluto, o canal foi desobturado preservando 4mm de material obturador apical. Foi realizada limpeza do conduto e coroa com pasta de pedra pomes e água, aplicação de ácido fosfórico 37% (15s em dentina e 30s em esmalte), lavagem com spray de água e ar e secagem. Foi aplicado na coroa e no conduto adesivo universal e remoção dos excessos com cones de papel absorvente e polimerização (20s). Na sequência, o canal foi preenchido com cimento resinoso dual, e o pino de fibra de vidro foi inserido com inserção única. Por fim, a restauração foi realizada com resina composta de cor compatível com o remanescente e posteriormente acabamento e polimento. Conclusões:O desgaste dentinário seletivo associado à restauração em resina composta com pino de fibra de vidro favoreceua devolução estética efuncional ao elemento dentário (AU).

Introduction: Intrinsic dentinal pigmentation can compromise the aesthetics of the smile and cause embarrassment when smiling. These spots may be the result of the presence of restorative materials in the crown after endodontic treatment, intracoronary hemorrhage, intrapulpal debris decomposition, intracanal medication and obturator materials. Objective:to report a clinical case of selective dentin removal associated with restoration with composite resin and fiberglass pin. Methodology:male patient, 23 years old, sought dental care complaining of dental pigmentation in the central incisor after endodontic treatment and restoration of class IV of darkened composite resin. Once the endodontic treatment was normal, the treatment was started. It was removed with diamond tips and palatine access all pigmentation that compromised the aesthetics of the smile, aswell as the restoration in composite resin of color and unsatisfactory form. Following, after absolute isolation, the canal was obturated preserving 4mm of apical obturator material. The flue and crown were cleaned with pumice paste and water, 37% phosphoric acid (15s in dentin and 30s in enamel),spray with water and air and drying. It was applied to the crown and the universal adhesive conduit and removal of excesses with absorbent papercones (20s)and polymerization. Subsequently, the channel was filled with dual resin cement, and the fiberglass pin was inserted with single insert. Finally, the restoration was carried out with composite resin of color compatible with the remainder and later finishing and polishing. Conclusions:Selective dentin removal associated with composite resin restoration with fiberglass pin favored aesthetic and functional return to the dental element (AU).

Introducción: La pigmentación intrínseca de la dentina puedecomprometer la estética de la sonrisa y causar vergüenza al sonreír. Estas manchas pueden deberse a la presencia de materiales restauradores en la corona después del tratamiento endodóntico, hemorragia intracoronaria, descomposición de escombros intrapulpales, fármacos intracanales y materiales obturadores.Objetivo:reportar un caso clínico de desgaste selectivo de dentina asociado con resina compuesta y fibra de vidrio. Metodología:un paciente masculino de 23 años buscó atención dental quejándose de pigmentación dental en el incisivo central después del tratamiento endodóntico y la restauración de clase IV de resina compuesta oscura. Una vez que se encontró la normalidad del tratamiento endodóntico, se inició el tratamiento. Se eliminó con puntas de diamante y acceso palatino a toda la pigmentación que comprometía la estética de la sonrisa, así como la restauración en resina compuesta de color y forma insatisfactorios. Luego, después del aislamiento absoluto, se limpió el canal conservando 4 mm de material obturador apical. El conducto y la corona se limpiaron con pasta de piedra pómez, aplicación de ácido fosfórico al 37% (15 segundos en dentina y 30 segundos en esmalte), se lavaron con agua y aire y se secaron. Se aplicó a la corona y al conducto adhesivo universal y se eliminó el exceso con conos de papel absorbente y polimerización (20 s). Posteriormente, el canal se llenó con cemento de resina dual y el pasador de fibra de vidrio se insertó con un solo inserto. Finalmente, la restauración se realizó con resina compuesta de un color compatible con el resto y posteriormente acabado y pulido.Conclusiones:el desgaste selectivo de la dentina asociado con la restauración de resina compuesta con pin de fibra de vidrio favoreció el retorno estético y funcional al elemento dental (AU).