A study to assess the quality of sleep among medical students of Mysuru, Karnataka, India

Background: Every individual requires a period of rest to enhance and empower his/her work ability. Adequate quality of sleep is a prerequisite for optimal functioning of the students� mind and body. Sleep problems are common in the general population. Medical students are one subgroup who are more vulnerable to poor sleep quality owing to multiple factors in their lifestyle. To assess the quality of sleep in a population of medical students of Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru and to study the determinants affecting it. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling among 132 medical students of Mysore Medical College and Research Institute. A pre-designed and pre-tested structured questionnaire developed using the Pittsburgh quality of sleep index (PQSI) Score and Epworth daytime sleepiness scale (EDSS) was used. The data collected was compiled in MS- Excel and analysed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS)Version 20.0. Results: Out of 132 medical students who were enrolled in the study, 55.3% (73/132) had an abnormal PSQI score. Males had better quality of sleep compared to females. Abnormal PSQI scores were associated with stress, alcohol and smoking. Conclusions: Sleep quality plays a major role in maintaining a medical student抯 physical, mental and working capacity.

Aromatherapy combined with Yin-Yang massage for treatment of insomnia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of aromatherapy combined with Yin-Yang massage on insomnia in patients. Methods:A total of 120 patients with insomnia who received treatment in Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between September 2017 and December 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to undergo either aromatherapy (control group, n = 60) or aromatherapy combined with Yin-Yang massage (observation group, n = 60) for 7 days. After treatment, response rate and anxiety status were recorded in each group. Before and after treatment, the scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, frequency of taking sleeping pills, and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:Response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [90.00% vs. 73.34%, χ2 = 5.57, P < 0.05]. After treatment, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(9.47 ± 3.65) points vs. (12.45 ± 2.17) points, t = 5.44, P < 0.05]. The frequency of taking sleeping pills in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(1.19 ± 0.41) times vs. (2.07 ± 0.98) times, t = 6.42, P < 0.05]. There were 0, 3 and 57 cases of severe, moderate and mild anxiety in the observation group, and 5, 18 and 37 cases of severe, moderate and mild anxiety in the control group. There was significant difference in anxiety status between the two groups ( Z = 19.78, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Aromatherapy combined with Yin-Yang massage can effectively alleviate anxiety in patients with insomnia, improve sleep quality and is highly safe.

Prevalence of Insomnia and its Associated Factors Among Medical Students, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Background: Medical students is one of population thatappears to be at increased risk for sleep deprivation due todemanding academic and clinical duties which in coexistentwith change in living style such as poor accommodation, beingaway from family put them at greater risk of poor sleeping andits subsequent mental and physical morbidity.Objectives: To determine the magnitude of insomnia andfactors associated with it among 2nd and 3rd year medicalstudents in faculty of medicine, Umm Al-Qura University inMakkah.Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical studywas applied. It included a representative sample of male andfemale students registered in the 2nd and 3rd levels in faculty ofmedicine at Umm Al-Qura University. Questionnaires ofPittsburgh sleep quality Index and functional outcome of sleepin simple English Language were applied in addition todemographic characteristics of the students.Results: The study included 166 medical students enrolled insecond and third academic years out of 183 invited toparticipate in the study, giving a response rate of 90.7%.Majority of them 88% were poor sleepers during the pastmonth, based on Global PSQI Score. Almost one-third ofmedical students 31.7% had no daytime dysfunction while47.3%, 16.8% and 4.2% of them reported mild, moderate andsevere daytime dysfunction, respectively. Current smokermedical students mean rank = 96.63 reported more daytimedysfunction than non-smoker students mean rank=76.09 andex-smokers mean rank=80.5. Most of medical students 80.7%reported no use of sleep medications while 13.3% and 3.6% ofthem reported usage of sleep medications in a dose of lessthan once per week and once or twice weekly, respectively.Female students, divorced students, those resided in externalhouses, students with below average income, current smokersand those with history of chronic diseases tended to use sleepmedications more than others.Conclusion: Poor sleep quality is a common problem affectingmost of male students enrolled in the second and third levels,College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA

A cross sectional study to assess the sleep hygiene among the post graduates of KIMS, Hubballi

Background: Problems related to sleep and poor sleep quality are important issues for medical students. Poor sleep quality is a stressing and worrying condition that can contribute to the risk factors of medical errors being made, adverse events and attention failure which has an impact on individual’s health, hence the objective of this study was to assess the sleep hygiene among post graduate medical students of KIMS, Hubballi.Methods: A cross sectional study consisting of 260 post graduates of all departments of 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were chosen by convenient sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire which included socio-demographic data, data to assess sleep quality by Pittsburgh sleep quality index, attention performance by EPSS scale, psychological health by self reported questionnaire 20 and data regarding factors affecting sleep. Data were entered in MS excel and analysed using SPSS software version 21.0 and suitable statistical tests were applied.Results: Our study included 122 male and 138 female post graduates, it was found that sleep quality was better among males. Excessive daytime sleepiness indicating sleep loss, was assessed by using EPSS questionnaire, which showed that in our study that 63.1% have normal attention performance. Score >17 on EPSS was 4.2% which shows that it has a negative impact on sleep hygiene.Conclusions: Poor sleep hygiene may be associated with poor sleep quality and excessive day time sleepiness. Stress and regular exercise were highly associated with sleep quality, the junior post graduates have significantly poor sleep quality than the senior post graduates.

Sleep Quality and Its Association with the Dietary Behavior and Lifestyle of University Students in Cheongju / 대한지역사회영양학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association of the sleep quality and patterns with the dietary behavior, including snack and beverage consumption, taste preferences, as well as lifestyle of university students. METHODS: The subjects were 406 university students in Cheongju, Korea, and the data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. They were divided into two groups according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): good-quality sleepers (PSQI score ≤ 5) and poor-quality sleepers (PSQI score > 5). The data were analyzed using a χ2-test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance using the SPSS 25.0 program. RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of university students were categorized as poor-quality sleepers by the PSQI. Students classified as poor-quality sleepers had delayed bedtimes, and a shorter duration in bed and total sleep hours than the good-quality sleepers did. Poor-quality sleepers were more prevalent among those who were female, having irregular mealtimes, or frequent late night meals. They also consumed fast food frequently, such as fried chicken and hamburgers, and noodles when adjusted for gender. In addition, drinks with caffeine over milk were dominant among poor-quality sleepers. Furthermore, the preferences for spicy and salty tastes and longer smartphone usage were more prevalent in those with poor-sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that more than 50% of university students reported disturbed sleep and poor quality sleep was associated with less desirable snack consumption and taste preference, more smartphone usage, and others. Therefore, nutrition education program along with lifestyle changes promoting sufficient sleep are encouraged to provide for university students, particularly those who have poor sleep quality.

Therapeutic Observation of Acupoint Thread-embedding for Perimenopausal Insomnia in Women / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint thread-embedding in treating perimenopausal insomnia in women.MethodSixty outpatients with perimenopausal insomnia were randomized into a thread-embedding group and an acupuncture group, 30 in each group. The thread-embedding group was intervened by acupoint thread-embedding by selecting Xinshu (BL15), Ganshu (BL18), Pishu (BL20), Shenshu (BL23), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4), Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36), and Sanyinjiao (SP6), once a week, successive 3 sessions as a treatment course; the acupuncture group was intervened by regular acupuncture by selecting the same acupoints following the same treatment course, 3sessions a week. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was adopted for evaluation, and a 30-d follow-up was conducted for observing the efficacy.ResultThere was no significant difference in comparing the total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the PSQI scores were significantly changed in both groups (P<0.01). In the follow-up, the PSQI global score, sleep quality, sleeping pills, and daytime function scores in the thread-embedding group were significantly differentfrom that in the acupuncture group (P<0.01). ConclusionThread-embedding can produce a more significant efficacy than using acupuncture in treating perimenopausal insomnia in women.