Correlation between parental rearing patterns and self-consciousness of adolescents with cleft lip and palate / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the current situation of parental rearing patterns and self-consciousness of adolescents with cleft lip and palate. The relationship between parental rearing patterns and self-consciousness of adolescents was also analyzed to provide evidence for psychological intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study was carried out on 400 adolescents (11-25 years old) with cleft lip and palate. The subjects were assessed with self-consciousness scale for patients with cleft lip and palate and Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppforstran family rearing questionnaires to evaluate the current status of self-consciousness and parental rearing patterns in adolescents with cleft lip and palate and the relevance of the two factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 380 valid questionnaires were obtained. A significant relationship was found between parental rearing patterns and self-consciousness in adolescents with cleft lip and palate. A positive correlation was also observed between the scores of self-evaluation, self-confidence, others' evaluation and psychological endurance, interpersonal relationship, and parent-child relationship of adolescents with cleft lip and palate and the scores of their parents' emotional care. Confidence was negatively correlated with the scores of parents' refusal to deny, punishment, and severity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Good parental rearing patterns play a critical role in establishing self-confidence, improving social adaptability, and maintaining interpersonal and parent-child relationship. Parents should give much care while avoiding refusal, denial, and punishment.</p>

Mediating effects of neurotic personality between parental rearing patterns and depressive symptom in middle-school students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the mediating effects of neurotic personality between parental rearing patterns and depressive symptom.Methods Using multistage sampling method,982 town middle-school students were surveyed by the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU),the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).Correlation and regression analysis,mediating effect test,and structural equation model were constructed.Results ①)Depressive symptom (D) (1.73 ± 0.72) was significantly associated with Neurotic personality (N) (51.50± 11.37) and parental rearing patterns (r=-0.138-0.582,P＜0.01).②N,mother's rejection and deny(M3),father's emotional warmth and understanding(F1),father's over-protection(F6) had a direct effect on D,which can explain 41.6％ of the variance.F1,F6,mother's over-interference and over-protection(M2),M3 had a direct effect on N,which can explain 15.3％ of the variance.The mediating effect of N between F1,F6,M2 and D were significant(95％CI =-0.212--0.069,-0.351--0.233,0.414-0.480).③The explanation for D was 41.3％.N had completely mediating effect between M2 and depressive symptom.N had partial mediating effect between F1,F6 and D,and the proportion was 43.6％ and 49.1％.Conclusion Neurotic personality plays a mediating role between parental rearing patterns and depressive symptom in middle-school students.

Effect of family education methods and parental rearing or not on the psychological problem tendency of primary school students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the impact of family education methods and parental rearing or not on the psychological problem tendency of primary school students.Methods The mental health test (MHT) was used on getting mental health data of the 2 838 primary school students from Dongguan city.Results (1) The results of MHT showed that 94.28％ of primary school students had no psychological problems,the tendency rate of psychological problems was 4.29％,and 1.43％ of them were suffering from serious psychological problems.Learning anxiety,physical symptoms and allergy tendency were more prominent.(2) The total MHT scores of primary school students with authoritarian,democratic,permissive and neglected family education methods were (34.84±14.58),(31.04±13.60),(35.19±12.82) and (41.19±13.10)respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the terrorist tendency dimension scores of primary school students with different education methods (F=2.33,P=0.054),and the differences in the MHT total score and other dimensions were statistically significant (F=4.35-16.88,P＜0.01).(3) There were statistically significant differences in the scores of the total score of psychological problem tendency,dimensions of learning anxiety,anxiety to people,allergy tendency and impulse tendency of primary school students who were parental rearing or not (t=2.09-3.67,P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference in the dimensions of loneliness tendency,self-accusation tendency,physical symptoms and terrorist tendency (P＞0.05).Conclusion Family education methods and parenting styles has a impact on the mental health of primary school students.

The influence of self-confidence on parental rearing pattern and fear of Freshmen / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the mediating role of self-confidence in the parental rearing style and facing-audience com munication apprehension(FACA).Methods The Chinese College Students' Facing-audience Communication Apprehension Scale (revised version of 2011),the Short-form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese(s-EMBU-C) and the Overall Self-confidence Questionnaire Version of College Students were adopted to survey on 1 072 college freshmen from Guizhou Province.Results FACA in the freshmen of non-one-child was significantly higher than that in the freshmen of one-child,FACA in the freshmen of good performance was significantly lower than that in the freshmen of middle and poor performance;FACA of college freshmen,parental rearing style and self-confidence were significantly correlated with each other;self-confidence played a complete mediated role between the parental care and FACA,and a partial mediated role between the parental control and FACA.Conclusion Self-confidence has significant mediate effect between the parental rearing style and FACA of college freshmen.

The characteristics of anxiety disorders of attachment patterns and its related factors / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the characteristics of attachment and the effects of childhood trauma,emotional autonomy and parental rearing style of anxiety disorders.Methods 38 outpatients and hospital patients in Anhui Mental Health Center with anxiety were recruited as the study group,and 39 age-,gender-,and educationmatched adult college students or medical staff were screened as the control group.The study group and control group were assessed with adult attachment questionnaire3.1 (AAQ3.1),parental bonding instrument (PBI),childhood trauma questionnaire 28item short form (CTQ-SF) and emotional autonomy scale (EAS).Results ①Higher levels of insecure adult attachment (84.2％) were reported in the anxiety disorders group compared with the normal controls(10.3％),and the attachment type of two groups had statistical significance(x2 =42.28,P＜0.01).② The attachment of anxiety disorders,emotional autonomy,childhood trauma and the way of parenting was related to different degree.Attachment,childhood trauma and parenting were significantly increased in the anxiety disorders group compared with the normal controls(P＜0.05).The mother attachment factors were significantly correlated with individualized (r=0.405,P＜0.405),mother love (r=0.358,P＜0.358),mother control (r=0.467,P＜0.467),father control (r=0.460,P＜0.01),emotional abuse (r=0.473,P＜0.473) and sexual abuse (r=0.494,P＜0.01).The father attachment factors were significantly correlated with individualized (r=0.520,P＜0.01),emotional abuse (r=0.339,P＜0.339) and sexual abuse (r=0.378,P＜0.05).And individualized,mother love,parental control,emotional and physical abuse could be employed to predict attachment factor.Conclusion The attachment pattern is insecure in the anxiety disorders.Emotional autonomy,childhood trauma and parenting have a significant influence on attachment patterns of anxiety disorders.

Mediation effects of neuroticism between parental rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitivity / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the role of neurotic in parental rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitive.Methods Using stratified sampling method to test 702 middle school students,symptom checklist 90 (SCL90),Egma minnen av bardndosnaupp forstran(EMBU) and Eycenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) were used to investigate and take one and a half years of follow-up observation on the sample of 245 students from first grade of junior and senior middle school.Correlated variables were made the correlation analysis,regression analysis,constructing the structure equation model and using tracking data to confirm.Results (1) Neuroticism,father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny had a direct effect,and the variation of total symptoms could be explained 40.8％ ; father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's over-interference and over-protection,mother's rejection and deny had a indirect effect on interpersonal sensitive,and explained 24.0％.(2) Effect analysis showed father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny impact on interpersonal sensitive by neuroticism,and father's excessive protection was the largest which accounted for 48.0％ of the total effect.The second was father's affective warmth and understanding,accounting for 47.3 ％.The last was mother's rejection and deny accounted for 42.7％,and its indirect effect increased with the age(69.1％).All of mother's over-interference and overprotection through the neurotic influence interpersonal sensitive,and the direct effect was 50.3％ between neurotic and interpersonal sensitivity.Conclusion Indirect effect of neurotic existed in relationships of parents rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitivity.

Relationships among attachment, parental attachment and parental rearing style of adolescent depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationships among attachment,parental attachment and parental rearing style of adolescent depression.Methods 36 outpatients and hospital patients in Anhui Mental Health Center with depression and their parents were involved as the case group,33 age-,gender-,and education-matched high school students and their parents as the normal controls.The case group and control group were assessed with Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR) and Parental Rearing Pattern Questionnaire (EMBU).Results ① The score of attachment avoidance and anxiety dimension in the depression group were obviously higher than that of the control group(73.19 ± 16.63 vs 66.25 ± 12.91,62.76 ± 13.90 vs 51.97 ± 13.69,P ＜ 0.01) ;the score of mother's attachment anxiety in the depression group were significantly higher than that of the control group (72.06 ± 14.23 vs 57.42 ± 12.81),and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).②The attachment avoidance was positively correlated with parental attachment avoidance in the depression group (r =0.534,r=0.488 ; P＜ 0.01).The attachment anxiety dimension was positively correlated with mother's attachment anxiety in depression group (r =0.532,P ＜ 0.01).Attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with parental warmness(r =-0.406,r =-0.462,P ＜ 0.01),however attachment avoidance had positive correlation with father's punishment and mother's rejection in depression group (r=0.395,r=0.468; P＜0.05).Father's attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with father's warmness(r =-0.527,P＜ 0.01),and mother's attachment avoidance was negatively correlated with mother's warmness (r =-0.491,P ＜ 0.01),which was positively correlated with mother's rejection (r =0.392,P ＜ 0.05).③ Regression analysis showed that mother's warmness rearing style had full mediating effect on the relationship between mother's attachment avoidance and attachment avoidance in depression group,and then mother's refused rearing style partly mediated the relationship between them.But father's warmness didn(t) have mediating effect on the relationship between father's attachment avoidance and attachment avoidance in depression group.Conclusion The attachment pattern is insecure in the depression group.Parenting attachment and rearing style significantly influence on adolescent depression attachment patterns,and mother's rearing style has mediating effect on the relationship between mother's attachment and depression attachment.

The relationship of the parental rearing behaviors between the psychological status and post-traumatic stress disorder in the injured deliberately / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the relationship of the parental rearing behaviors between the psychological status and post-traumatic stress disorder in the injured deliberately.Methods 161 injured people were treated in five hospitals of the Urumqi and evaluated the self-reporting questionnaire-20 (SRQ20),7-items screening scale for PTSD( PTSD7 ),impact of event scale (IES) and symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) in the third and the fourth week injured,including 113 injured people aged at 14 ～50 years old completed the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU).Two months after the injury,113 injured people were interviewed,including 106 injured people diagnosed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ-TR Axis Ⅰ Disorders/Patients (SCID-I/P) and 7 injured people were lost.ResultsFather's preferences correlated with the total score of IES ( r =- 0.234,P ＜ 0.05 ) and avoid factor( r=-0.309,P＜ 0.01 ) positively,Mother's emotional warmth and understand correlated with the flashback factor of IES ( r =0.194,P ＜ 0.05 ) negatively.The injured people were divided into three groups by diagnosis:the illness-free group,the PTSD group,and other group.Parental preferences correlated with Mental symptoms negatively.Father's punish severely,interference too much,refuse or deny and Mother's interference too much,over protection and punish severely correlated mental symptoms positively.The six subscales of father's rearing behaviors and the five subscales of mother's rearing behaviors had no significant difference.ConclusionsParental preferences in childhood can internalizes inside support to protect the psychological trauma in future.Father's punish severely,interference too much,refuse or deny and mother's interference too much,over protection and punish severely can damage mental health and aggravate symptoms after traumatic event.But the influence of parental rearing behaviors is limited to decide whether the injured people suffering from PTSD or other mental disorders.

Effect of parental rearing pattern and adult attachment on narcissism of college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the influences of parental rearing pattern and adult attachment on narcissism of college students.Methods 344 college students from two universities in Hebei Province were sampled randomly and tested by the Chinese version of EMBU,the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR) in Chinese version.Results ( 1 ) The whole score of overt narcissism correlated with paternal warming,punishment,interference,rejection and maternal warming( r =0.163,0.130,0.184,0.109,0.206),but not with adult attachment; covert narcissism correlated with paternal punishment,over-interference,rejection,over-protection,maternal over interference and protection,rejection,and punishment,and anxiety and aviodance of adult attachment positively ( r =0.135,0.169,0.210,0.123,0.220,0.194,0.215,0.183,0.269).(2) The parental reaming pattern affected overt narcissism directly,while that affected covert narcissism directly with adult attachment,and indirectly through adult attachment.ConclusionCotraditory rearing patterns between father and mother lead to overt narcissism,and negative rearning patterns lead to covert narcissism with the mediator role of adult attachment.

The creativity tendency of senior high school inpatient with internet addiction and its influential factors of personality and family / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate current situation of creativity among inpatient high school students with internet game addiction disorder (IGAD) and its influential factors.MethodsThe participants comprised the patients in the General Hospital of Beijing Military Region meeting the diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction( including 70 cases of high school (HSIGAD) and junior high school 65 cases (JHSIGAD) and 70 cases of high school in the school (HSIS) ).Questionnaire plus clinical interview method was used in the process of investigation,and the research tools include diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction,Creativity Assessment Packet (CAP).And further Family environment questionnaire,Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) and 16PF were used for HSIGAD.ResultsThe creativity's total and each factor's score of HSIGAD( creativity's total ( 109.60 ±11.12 ),risk ( 23.77 ± 2.97 ),curiosity ( 31.51 ± 4.29 ),imagination ( 26.06 ± 3.57 ) and challenge ( 28.26 ±2.87) ) were lower than that of HSIGAD( ( 111.35 ± 12.00) (24.14 ±3.20) (32.25 ±4.26) (26.35 ±4.25)and (28.62 ±2.79) respectively),but there was no significant difference.The creativity's total and each factor's score of HSIGAD were significantly lower than that of HSIS( ( 121.27 ± 7.68 ) ( 26.17 ± 2.30) ( 35.80 ± 3.11 )(29.66 ±3.28) and (29.64 ±2.34) respectively) (P＜0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis found that extroversion in personality and knowledge in family environment entered the regression equation,and all had positive prediction for creativity tendency.ConclusionThe internet game addiction may slow the development of high school student's creativity.While the personality of extroversion and the family environment with esteem to knowledge were beneficial to the development of adolescent creativity tendency.

A case-control study of the risk factors for neurosis / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To screen out suspected risk factors associated with neurosis, such as personality dis-order, life events, parental rearing behavior, and to explore degree of their associations. Methods: A case-control study was carried out among 100 cases with neurosis and 200 controls without mental disorder, matched by gender and age (+3 years) . The Life Events Scale (LES), Parental Rearing Style Questionnaire (EMBU), Personali-ty Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4) were self-reported by the subjects. Results: Single factor analysis showed that there were statistical differences (P <0.05) between case and control groups in negative life event (22.5 vs. 2.5), paternal rejection [(40.4±14.1) vs.(35.4±7.9)], paternal overprotection [(29.1±7.5)vs.(28.2±5.6)], maternal rejection rearing behavior [(40.4±13.7)vs.(36.8±8.5)], and overall personality disorder [(29.8±14.1)vs.(17.1±13.0)] . Using non-conditional logistic regression analysis, the potential protective factor was positive events (OR=0.92, 95% CI:0.87-0.98), and the potential risk factors included negative live events (OR=1.06, 95% CI:1.04～1.08) and overall personality disorder (OR=4.84, 95% CI: 2.24～10.49) . Conclusion: Positive life event may be a protective factor for neurosis, while negative life e-vent and personality disorder may be risk factors.

Relationship of social anxiety and parental rearing style and self-esteem among medical freshman students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relatianship of social anxiety and parental rearing style and self-es-teem among medical students, and to provide theoretical guidance for students' mental health. Methods 346 medical students were assessed with interaction anxiousness scale(IAS), Egala minnen on bardndosnauppforstran (EMBU) and self-esteem scale (SES). Results Medical students' social anxiety was negatively correlated with emotional warmth and understanding of parents (FF1, MFI) (r=-0.162,-0.150, P<0.01) and self-esteem (r -0.355, P <0.01), and positively correlated with mother's over-interference, over-protection, refusal, rejection and favoring subject(MF2, MF3, MF5) (r=0.137,0.127,0.116, P<0.05). Stepwise regression analysis re-vealed that father's warmth and understanding and father's over-protection and self-esteem enter regression equa-tion and adjusted R square was 0.047 and 0.123. Conclusion The medical students' social anxiety was influ-enced by EMBU and SES, but the level was lower.

Relationship of Peer Relationships, Perceived Parental Rearing Attitudes, Self-reported Attachment Security, to Loneliness in Upper Elementary School-age Children

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of peer relationships, self-reported attachment security, perceived parental rearing attitudes, and loneliness in upper elementary school-age children. METHODS: The data were collected from 207 students in grades 5 or 6, and descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression were used with the SPSS/PC 12.0 program to analyze the data. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in loneliness between the upper 25% and lower 25% groups of peer relationships, perceived parental rearing attitudes, and self-reported attachment security. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed affection-hostility in parental rearing attitudes, validation and conflict in peer relationships, and attachment security explained 39.6% of the total variance in loneliness. CONCLUSION: These results may contribute to a better understanding of loneliness in upper elementary school-age children. The results of the present study indicate a need to develop nursing interventions to prevent and manage children's loneliness

Relationship between self-concept and parental rearing style in primary and secondary school students 9～16 years of age / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the development of self-concept and parental rearing style in primary and secondary school students and the relationship between them.Methods A stratified cluster sample of 319 students from fourth grade in primary school to first grade in high school,9～16 years of age,were investigated with the Piers-Harris Children's self-concept Scale (PHCSS) and the EMBU.Results Inter-grade differences existed in the total score of self-concept and its subscales except popularity (F=2.170～4.288,P＜0.05),as well as in the most factors of parenting except father's intrusiveness,father's overprotection,mother's intrusiveness and overprotection,and mother's punishment (F=2.449～7.596,P＜0.05),with the maxima of self-concept (total score 61.05±9.00,behavior 13.85±1.94,intellect status 11.48±3.10,physical appearance 8.33±2.50,lack of anxiety 10.13±2.39,happiness 8.38±1.23) and the minima of father's punishment and rejection and mother's rejection (15.08±2.80,7.33±2.23,10.43±3.26) both in the sixth grade pupils (P＜0.05).Parental emotional warmth was positively correlated to self-concept (r=0.188～0.389),while parental punishment and mother's rejection was negatively correlated to (r=-0.112～-0.540),and father's rejection was also negatively correlated to (r=-0.160～-0.420) except physical appearance.All of these correlations were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Self-concept of primary and secondary school students and parental rearing style interact with each other,and develop curvily with children's growing.

Relations between Worry, Attachment Styles and Perceived Parental Rearing in Primary School Children

BACKGROUND: Worry, a core feature of anxiety disorder, is shown in not only children with anxiety disorder but also normal children. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between worry and family environment factors, especially, perceived parental rearing and attachment styles among children. METHODS: Five hundred and nine children participated in this study among 549 children in third, fourth, fifth and sixth grades in two primary schools located in Seoul and Seongnam from October 2007 to December 2007. Forty children did not agree with participation (rejection rate: 7.3%). Their degrees of worry, attachment styles and perceived parental rearing were investigated with questionnaires. RESULTS: The reliability of a questionnaire asking children's worry, PSWQ-C and a questionnaire asking perceived parental rearing, modified EMBU-C was appropriate with internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of PSWQ-C: 0.92, Cronbach's alpha of modified EMBU-C: 0.68~0.89). Around 22.4% of children had insecure attachment (avoidant or ambivalent attachment) and scores of worry were high in both girls and boys. When children perceived their parental rearing behavior as anxious rearing, they were classified to have ambivalent attachment in many cases by themselves. And when they perceived the rearing as rejection many of them were classified to have avoidant or ambivalent attachment by themselves. Worry showed a significantly negative correlation in the cases where children answered their perceived parental rearing as emotional warmth and showed a significantly positive correlation with rejective and anxious rearing. CONCLUSION: This study found that children's worry was closely related with their perceived parental rearing and attachment styles. If the children's attachment, which has been developed while they have grown up, was insecure and they did not perceive parental rearing as emotional warmth, the intensity of worry, a core symptom of anxiety disorder, increased.

Relationship between Psychological Problems in Middle School Students and Parental Rearing Behaviors / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological problems in middle school students and parental rearing behaviors.Methods It was a cross-sectional study.By means of cluster sampling,2700 students selected from 7 middle schools in Nanning were investigated with Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90),the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran(EMBU) scale and the General Information Questionnair.Results The prevalence of psychological problems was 14.5%.Correlation analysis showed that the total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 had positive correlation with parental punishment,rejection,preference and overprotection.The total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 was negatively related to parental emotional concern.Conclusions Psychological problems in middle school students are closely related to parental rearing behaviors,and incorrect parental rearing behavior is one risk factor of psychological problems in the middle school students.

Research on Relationship Between Tendency to Computer Game addiction and Parental Rearing Styles in Senior High School Students / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between computer game addiction,a subtype of internet addiction,and parental Rearing styles.Methods: Using Computer Game Addiction Inventory(CGAI) and EMBU,we investigate a sample of 747 senior high school students in Beijing.According to whether participants' sum score of five dimensions of CGAI is larger than 1.5 SD,we divide them into two groups: tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.Then we analyze the data with methods of MANOVA and Canonical Correlation.Results: There is significant difference in sex distributing between tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.There is also significant difference in parental rearing styles between two groups.Under authoritarian rearing styles,children score higher on nearly every dimension of CGAI.Conclusion: Boys are more likely to get addicted to computer games than girls.Negative parental rearing styles associate closely with computer game addiction.

Correlation between Personality Traits in Children and Parental Rearing Patterns / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between personality traits in children and parental rearing patterns.Methods Two hundred and seventy-nine middle school students were investigated with egma minnenav bardndasnauppforstran(EMBU)and Eysenck personality questionnaire,and then Pearson correlation was analyzed.Results High positive correlation were found among scores of parental rearing patterns and those of neuroticism(N)and psychoticism(P).P score correlated significantly with parent's punishment,rejection and negative reaction,over interference and over protection,while high negative correlation with the score of parent's emotional warmth.N correlated significantly with parent's punishment,overprotection and rejection,high positive correlated the score of lie with parent's emotional warmth.Conclusion Parental rearing patterns play very important roles in children's personality development.

Rearing Pattern of Mothers with Affective Disorder and Their Children's Behavior Problem / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: This study is to compare psychopathology and their perceived parental rearing pattern of the children of mothers with major depression, bipolar disorder and those of normal control group. The correlation was also assessed between behavior problem and perceived parenting style. METHODS: The subjects were 30 children (age range 12-18) of mothers who met the DSM-IV criteria of major depressive disorder or bipolar I disorder and 30 children of normal mother group. All completed self-report questionnaires containing Child, adolescent Behavior Problem Checklist (K-CBCL), Youth Self Report (YSR) and Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). RESULTS: 1) The mean score of the subscales of somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, internalizing problems in K-CBCL was significantly higher in the control subjects compared with that of the children of mothers with affective disorders (p<0.05). 2) In YSR, there was a tendency of increased behavior problems among the children of mothers with major depression compared with the control subjects. Compared with children of mothers with bipolar disorder, children of mothers with major depression had significantly more behavior problems (p<0.05). 3) Mothers with affective disorders tended to display less caring and fathers and mothers with affective disorders tended to display more overprotective parenting style than the control subjects. 4) There was positive correlation between paternal overprotection and behavior problems in the children of mothers with affective disorders. CONCLUSION: In summary, the author identified that the children of mothers with affective disorders have more behavior problems in social adjustment than normal control subjects. Parental rearing style is thought to have more negative influence on the children of mothers with affective disorders than normal control. It is surmised that less caring and more overprotective rearing style could influence behavior problems of their children.

A Cross-sectional Study of Internet Addiction Disorder in High School Students in Beijing / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To study the epidemiological features of internet addiction disorder(IAD)in high school students in Beijing and explore the related factors.Methods:A stratified cluster sampling method was used.Totally 5100 high schools students were measured with the Internet Addiction Scale,Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire and Egna Minnen av Bardndoms Uppfostran(EMBU).Results:(1)The prevalence of IAD was 8.8% in high school students in Beijing.(2)Logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors of IAD were male,school area in urban area,parents' divorce,parents' refusal,parents' over-protection,paranoid personality disorder,avoidant personality disorder,antisocial personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder.The protective factor was parents' emotional warmth.Conclusion:It should be paid more attention to internet addiction disorder IAD in high school students in Beijing.Prevention and intervention should be conducted to the risk factors of internet addiction disorder IAD.