RESUMO
OBJECTIVE：To inv estigate the tonifying blood effects of different extract parts of Embelia parviflora on blood deficiency model mice ，and to explore its mechanism. METHOD S：Totally 70 mice were randomly divided into blank control group（water），model control group （water），positive control group （Danggui buxue oral liquid ，324 g/kg），petroleum ether ， ethyl acetate ，n-butanol and water parts of E. parviflora groups（4.2，10.64，22.07，5.0 g/kg respectively ，calculated by the extractum），with 10 mice in each group. The mice were given medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 14 d. Except for blank control group ，other groups were given intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide （80 mg/kg）on 12th and 13th day of starting administration to induce blood deficiency model. 30 min after last administration ，automatic hematology analyzer was used to detect the levels of peripheral hemogram indexes （WBC，RBC，HCT，PLT，HGB）；the levels of IL- 2，IL-3，IL-6，EPO， G-CSF，M-CSF and VCAM- 1 were determined by ELISA ；thymus and spleen indexes were calculated. RESULTS ：Compared with blank control group ，peripheral hemogram indexes levels ，serum levels of IL- 2，IL-3，IL-6，EPO，G-CSF，M-CSF，VCAM-1 and thymus index were decreased significantly ，while spleen index was increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model control group，there was no statistical significance in above indexes of mice in petroleum ether part of E. parviflora group（P＞0.05）. The levels of RBC ，HGB，PLT，the serum levels of IL- 2，IL-6，G-CSF，M-CSF，VCAM-1 and thymus index in ethyl acetate part of E. parviflora group were significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while there was no statistical significance in other indexes （P＞0.05）. Except for no significant increase of WBC in water part of E. parviflora group，above peripheral hemogram indexes ， serum indexes and thymus index of n-butanol group and water part of E. parviflora group were increased significantly while spleen index was decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：The ethyl acetate ，n-butanol and water parts of E. parviflora can improve immunological function and the expression of hematopoietic factors in blood deficiency model mice ，and shows certain blood tonifying effects.
RESUMO
Objective: To screen the active parts with enriching the blood effects of different solvent extraction parts from Jiaoai Decoction (JAD) by comparing the peripheral blood, immune organ index, interleukin 2 (IL-2), and erythropoietin (EPO) and the effect of content of erythrocyte membrane and energy metabolism enzyme activity of blood deficiency model rats. Methods: Taking the fundus venous plexus blood 5 mL/kg every day, continuous bleeding for 12 d, to establish the rat model of blood deficiency; The model animals in each group were ig given JAD and n-butanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, parts of water extract (12 g/kg crude drug) with compound E-Jiao slurry as a positive control. On day 12 of modeling, the erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), red blood cell hematocrit (HCT), platelet count (PLT) were detected in rats and immune organ indexes of spleen and thymus were calculated, the levels of IL-2 and EPO content were detected, energy metabolism enzymes (Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase) activity were investigated; The difference of the chemical constituents in the different solvent extraction of JAD was analyzed by UPLC. Results: Compared with the control group, the RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, thymus index, and IL-2 levels of rats in the model group decreased significantly, Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activity weakened significantly, the spleen index and EPO levels were significantly increased, indicating that blood deficiency model was successfully established. Compared with the model group, HCT, RBC, HGB, and PLT (P<0.05, 0.01) of rats in n-butyl alcohol group could be significantly increased; The spleen index and the content of EPO (P<0.05, 0.01) were reduced; The thymus index and the content of IL-2 (P<0.01) were increased, the erythrocyte Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase and Na+, K+-ATPase activity (P<0.05, 0.01) was elevated. The contents of PLT and IL-2 (P<0.01) in petroleum ether group could be obviously increased; The content of EPO and the spleen index (P<0.05, 0.01) were decreased. The ethyl acetate fractions could obviously reduce the spleen index and the content of EPO (P<0.01), increase Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activity in erythrocytes (P<0.05). In water group PLT (P<0.05) could be significantly increased and the content of EPO (P<0.01) be decreased. There were no coffee acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin, and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in other solvent extracts of JAD, while the content of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ligustrazine phosphate, and chlorogenic acid in n-butanol extract were higher than those in ethyl acetate and water extract parts of JAD. Conclusion: The n-butanol extract is the most active part of JAD for enriching the blood.