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The components of volatile oils are generally complex, and they often have the functions of divergent dissolving surface, insecticidal and antibacterial. However, there are few reports on bacteriostasis, anti-inflammation and antioxidation roles of volatile oils of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. The volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit. was extracted by steam distillation, and GC-MS and peak area normalization analysis showed that it mainly contained 30 compounds, and the identified components accounted for 90.26% of the total peak area. The volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. has a certain inhibitory effect on Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, especially on Candida albicans. The diameter of the bacteriostatic zone is 15.55±1.53 mm by using the oxford cup method. Dexamethasone and low, middle and high doses of volatile oils of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. were given after the RAW264. 7 cell inflammatory model and was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS = 10.0 μg/mL). ELISA assays showed that it could effectively reduce the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in inflammatory cells, and the effect of high doses was similar to that of IL-1β and TNF-α in the dexamethasone group. GC-MS was successfully used to determine and identify the chemical constituents of volatile oils from Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. in this study. We show that the volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. had certain bacteriostatic activity and effectively reduces the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α by inflammatory cells. It provides an experimental basis for the development and utilization of volatile oils from Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit.
RESUMO
Aims: This study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of essential oil of Pelargonium graveolens L. Her. ex Ait. growing in Jordan and to test the efficacy of the leaves aqueous extract and essential oil against pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL), α- amylase and α-glucosidase. Study Design: GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) methods as well as in vitro enzymatic investigations. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, between November 2012 and August 2013. Results: The hydrodistilled oil of P. graveolens fresh leaves yielded twenty eight components, accounting for 95.83 % of the total oil content, while thirty seven components were detected from the fresh leaves by SPME (98.86%). Twenty six and thirty one components were identified in the hydrodistilled and SPME oils of the dried leaves amounting to 96.08 % and 97.83 %, respectively. Oxygenated monoterpenes predominated the volatile fractions of the leaves of both methods with citronellol, citronellyl formate and menthone/isomenthone as the major constituents. Similar to orlistat (PL IC50 of 114.0 ± 4.0 ng/mL), P. graveolens extract and volatile oil as well as their purified phyto-constituents inhibited highly substantially in a dose dependent trend PL in vitro (n=3). The P. graveolens extract PL- IC50 was 207.4±15.2 μg/mL. As for their volatile oils’ components, PL- IC50 (%) (V/V) in an ascending order were: menthone; 0.01±0.0 <geraniol; 0.34±0.02 < linalool; 0.7 ± 0.0 < caryophyllene; 1.17±0.12 <P. graveolens oil; 2.93 ± 0.27. Comparable to acarbose, P. graveolens leaves aqueous extracts (AEs) were identified as in vitro potent and efficacious dual inhibitors of α- amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50: 4.6±0.1 mg/mL (p<0.001, n=3). Conclusion: Taken together, P. graveolens leaves, as a nutraceutical modulating gastrointestinal carbohydrate and lipid digestion and absorption, maybe advocated as candidate for obesity-diabetes/metabolic syndrome management.
RESUMO
AIM: To study medical effect of the antioxidation activity of essential oil from smell storusbill(Pelargonium graveolens,L'Her)(PLO) METHODS: Free radicals(O?_2、?OH and DPPH?)scavenging activities were investigated in different special chemical systems.Its anti-lipoperoxidantion activity was studied with MDA generation model in vitro.The effect of the hemolysis of cavy RBC induced by H_2O_2 was also studied.The components of PLO was identified by GC-FID. RESULTS: It was found that PLO showed higher anti-lipoperoxidantion on MDA generation spontaneously in homogenates of cavy heart,liver and kidney.There were significant differences on lipid peroxidant of the cavy liver homogenate induced by CCl_4 between control group and PLO.There were higher scavenging effect of the extracts of foliage on O?_2 and DPPH?PLO could strongly inhibit the hemolysis of cavy RBC induced by H_2O_2.The result of GC-FID and DPPH? scavenging activities indicated that the antioxidantion of citronellol was similar with PLO. CONCLUSION: PLO is a good antioxidation and citronellol is the main antioxidated substance in PLO.