RESUMO
The knowledge and understanding of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) over the last hundred years has been reviewed in this article,focusing on clinical practice.The identification of JAK2 V617F gene mutation leads Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph) MPN into a new era of molecular biology.These advances not only provide a reliable diagnostic tool and important evidence for diagnosis of MPN,also induce a lot of investigation and manufacture of targeting drugs to JAK2 mutation.However,JAK2 V617F mutation is not the gold standard for the diagnosis of MPN,as unique as bcr-abl in CML.Certain routine lab results and differentiation with some other diseases are still necessary.A JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor,ruxolitinib,has been approved for clinical use,but indication should be followed.Further follow-up is needed to assess the longterm outcomes with respect to efficacy and safety.It is not time to give up conventional medicine,such as hydroxyurea or aspirin.