Influential factors of the efficacy of tinnitus multivariate integrated sound therapy for the treatment of subjective tinnitus / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the influential factors of the efficacy of tinnitus multivariate integrated sound therapy (T-MIST) in the treatment of subjective tinnitus.Methods:A total of 431 patients with subjective tinnitus who received treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from June 2019 to June 2020 were included in this study. A cross-sectional study method was used to conduct refined testing on tinnitus patients using the T-MIST matching platform. The severity of tinnitus patients was evaluated using the Tinnitus handicap inventory scale. SPSS software was used to analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of the T-MIST for subjective tinnitus based on patients' basic characteristics.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with patients with short-term tinnitus, OR (95% CI) was 1.982 (1.033-3.804), P = 0.040, in patients with 3-12 months of disease duration, OR (95% CI) was 2.411 (1.322-4.396), P = 0.004 in patients with > 12 months of disease duration. With the increase in tinnitus handicap inventory score, the efficacy of T-MIST became better [ OR (95% CI) = 1.014 (1.004-1.024), P = 0.007]. The efficacy of T-MIST was better in the hearing compensation-effective patients [ OR (95% CI) = 0.133 (0.081-0.216), P < 0.001]. Conclusion:The course of the disease, tinnitus handicap inventory score, and effective hearing compensation are the influential factors of T-MIST. They can provide evidence for the treatment of subjective tinnitus.

La brecha de género en el deporte: El caso de una marginación histórica y socialmente consentida / The gender gap in sport: The case of a historically and socially accepted marginalization

Resumen El deporte se considera un medio esencial para favorecer la salud y el desarrollo de los ciudadanos. A su vez, es el camino para alcanzar otras metas como la paz, la tolerancia, el respeto, la democracia o la inclusión de los grupos marginados, que es el caso de las mujeres y niñas. Sin embargo, existe muy poco reconocimiento de la marginación de género en el mundo del deporte. Este estudio, a través de informes y datos estadísticos, analiza cómo la mujer es relegada de los cargos directivos y de los espacios de toma de decisiones y, asimismo, cómo es excluida del cuerpo de entrenadores, asesores y jurados deportivos, lo cual le quita toda visibilidad. Si la mayoría de los estudios vinculados con el deporte es ocupado por los varones y su índice de especialización en masters y doctorados es consecuentemente más alto en la mayoría de países, debemos prever que, desafortunadamente, la brecha no se está cerrando y la proyección de los varones en las ocupaciones laborales vinculadas al mundo deportivo continuará perpetuando espacios deportivos masculinizados, en los que el capital humano y la valiosa aportación de las mujeres se seguirá perdiendo. El análisis realizado muestra, a diversos niveles, la permanencia de la brecha de género en el deporte.

Abstract First of all, we must consider that the World Health Organization -WHO Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030 Report (2018) points out the scarce physical activity implemented by citizens, and especially how this deficiency is focused on women. Then, it is important to analyze all aspects connected with this disaffection that it takes women away from the health benefits of sports and physical activity. We also must analyze the powerful effort of the international institutions to alert about the gender gap. And why have these reports not been enough listened to, or effective? The review of specific data as the presence of women in the Olympic Games, the women absence in responsibilities, decisions and management positions of the sportive field, or the differentials in the quarry of high-level athletes confirm in almost all levels and scopes the existence and overlooked gender gap. The alert of international organizations, on a continuous basis, has not made a dent in the marginalization of gender in the sport field (United Nations Women - UNWomen, 2007, 2016& 2019). Girls and women have fewer opportunities and support when they participate in sport activities. And in the event that they manage to become professional athletes, they find another important gap such as salary. Likewise, the fact that women are scarcely present in Higher Education grades related to physical activity and sports is a significant indication of how little the situation can change. If the majority of studies associated to sport are occupied by men, and their specialization rate in masters and doctorates is consequently higher, we must anticipate that, unfortunately, the gap is not closing and the projection of men in the work occupations related to the sport world will continue to perpetuate masculinized sports spaces where human capital and the valuable contribution of women will continue to be lost. It is essential to sensitize future teachers to the importance of not leaving women behind in this traditionally paternalized, patronalized and pastoralized sport field. For this reason, we consider that the curricular integration of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (UN, 2015), specifically SDG 5- Gender equality in sport studies could be a relevant way to reach awareness in the reduction of gender differentials in sports. The international agenda agreed in the SDGs commits demands us to change the way in which we think and act in favor of people, peace, prosperity, the environment and equity. Along these lines, we come to three questions that need to be reflected on and answered as a social collective: Why hasn't the expansion of sport spread by the same percentage to girls and women? Where and why, on the way to an equitable sport fabric, have we lost women? And what commitment do we have as citizens with gender equality in sports? Undoubtedly, the lack of insertion opportunities in communities of initiates and of support in mentors, the fear of family conciliation, and other complex factors centered on gender stereotypes makes women athletes generally accept the space that the sports community assigns them. The underrepresentation of women in the national and international sports network demands from women themselves greater awareness and greater resistance to exclusion. As long as social contexts and cultural practices as a whole do not change, women athletes will have to fight hard to lead the issues of inequality of opportunities in the sports world.

Research Method for Numerical Simulation on Upper Respiratory Tract Airway State Based on 3D Printing and CT Reconstruction / 医用生物力学

Objective To establish a comprehensive method combining physical model experiment and numerical simulation for studying airflow state of upper respiratory tract. Methods Based on CT medical images published online, a three-dimensional (3D) model of human upper respiratory tract was reconstructed. Based on 3D printing technology, an experimental model of the upper respiratory tract was established and the flow process of respiration was measured. A numerical simulation model was created based on the meshing of upper respiratory tract model and the turbulent Realizable k-ε model. Results Firstly, the result of numerical simulation was compared with the experimental conditions, and good agreement was achieved. The numerical simulation results showed that the airflow in respiratory process was in a parabolic shape; the distribution of flow field, pressure on wall and vortex structure were different between inspiratory and expiratory phases; there were air residues in the upper and lower nasal passages during the respiratory exchange process. In addition, the effects of airflow on physiological environment of the upper respiratory tract were preliminarily analyzed through the steak line, pressure field and vortex structure distribution. Conclusions The method proposed in this paper has the characteristics of pertinence, rapidity and accuracy, which gives full play to the advantages of reliable physical experiments and fine numerical simulation, and is applicable for studying different problems of the upper respiratory tract in different cases, with a high value for personalized diagnosis and treatment in clinic.

Antiangiogenic potential of Jatropha curcas latex in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model / Potencial antiangiogênico do látex de Jatropha curcas em modelo de membrana corioalantoica de embrião de galinha

AIMS: To perform a physicochemical and phytochemical characterization of Jatropha curcas latex and to investigate its antiangiogenic potential. METHODS: We performed an initial physicochemical characterization of J. curcas latex using thermal gravimetric analyses and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. After that, phenols, tannins and flavonoids were quantified. Finally, the potential of J. curcas latex to inhibit angiogenesis was evaluated using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Five groups of 20 fertilized chicken eggs each had the chorioallantoic membrane exposed to the following solutions: (1) water, negative control; (2) dexamethasone, angiogenesis inhibitor; (3) Regederm®, positive control; (4) 25% J. curcas latex diluted in water; (5) 50% J. curcas latex diluted in water; and (6) J. curcas crude latex. Analysis of the newly-formed vascular net was made through captured images and quantification of the number of pixels. Histological analyses were performed to evaluate the inflammation, neovascularization, and hyperemia parameters. The results were statically analyzed with a significance level set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Physicochemical characterization showed that J. curcas latex presented a low amount of cis-1.4-polyisoprene, which reduced its elasticity and thermal stability. Phytochemical analyses of J. curcas latex identified a substantial amount of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids (51.9%, 11.8%, and 0.07% respectively). Using a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, we demonstrated the antiangiogenic potential of J. curcas latex. The latex induced a decrease in the vascularization of the membranes when compared with neutral and positive controls (water and Regederm®). However, when compared with the negative control (dexamethasone), higher J. curcas latex concentrations showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: J. curcas latex showed low thermal stability, and consisted of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids, but little or no rubber. Moreover, this latex demonstrated a significant antiangiogenic activity on a chick chorioallantoic membrane model. The combination of antimutagenic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiangiogenic properties makes J. curcas latex a potential target for the development of new drugs.

OBJETIVOS: Realizar uma caracterização físico-química e fitoquímica do látex de Jatropha curcas e investigar o seu potencial antiangiogênico. MÉTODOS: foi realizada uma caracterização físico-química inicial do látex de J. curcas utilizando as análises termogravimétricas e a espectroscopia com a Transformada de Fourier. Depois disso, fenóis, taninos e flavonoides foram quantificados. Finalmente, o potencial do látex de J. curcas em inibir a angiogênese foi avaliado através do uso de modelo de membrana corioalantoica de embrião de galinha. Cinco grupos, cada um com 20 ovos de galinha fertilizados, tiveram a membrana corioalantoica exposta às seguintes soluções: (1) água, controle negativo; (2) dexametasona, inibidor da angiogênese; (3) Regederm®, controle positivo; (4) 25% de látex de J. curcas diluído em água; (5) 50% de látex de J. curcas diluído em água; e (6) látex bruto de J. curcas. A análise da rede vascular recém-formada foi feita por meio de imagens capturadas e quantificação do número de pixels. Análises histológicas foram realizadas para avaliar os parâmetros de inflamação, neovascularização e hiperemia. Os resultados foram analisados estaticamente com nível de significância estabelecido em p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A caracterização físico-química mostrou que o látex de J. curcas apresenta uma baixa quantidade de cis-1,4-poliisopreno, o que reduz sua elasticidade e estabilidade térmica. Análises fitoquímicas do látex de J. curcas identificaram uma quantidade significativa de fenóis, taninos e flavonoides (51,9%, 11,8% e 0,07% respectivamente). Usando o modelo de membrana corioalantoica de ovo de galinha embrionado, demonstrou-se o potencial antiangiogênico do látex de J. curcas. O látex induziu a diminuição da vascularização das membranas, em comparação aos grupos controle neutro e positivo (água e Regederm®). CONCLUSÕES: O látex de J. curcas apresentou baixa estabilidade térmica, ausência ou pouca quantidade de borracha e presença de fenóis, taninos e flavonoides em sua composição. Além disso, apresentou alta atividade antiangiogênica no modelo de membrana corioalantoica de embrião de galinha. A combinação de propriedades antimutagênicas, citotóxicas, anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes e antiangiogênicas faz com que o látex de J. curcas seja um alvo potencial para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos.

Psicología del deporte, ¿qué tanto se conoce sobre esta área en Antioquia? / Sport psychology, how much do we know about this area in Antioquia?

La psicología del deporte es un campo de aplicación de la psicología relativamente nuevo; tuvo su nacimiento oficial en el mundo en 1965 con la celebración del Primer Congreso Mundial de Psicología del Deporte en Roma; sin embargo, en Colombia, su aparición ha sido más pausada, encontrándose antecedentes del año 1973. Como especialización nace en el año 2002 en la Universidad El Bosque de la ciudad de Bogotá y solo hasta el 2016 se tiene en el País el segundo programa de educación formal a cargo de la Institución Universitaria de Envigado en donde se crea la Especialización en Psicología de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Pese a ambos programas formativos, en la cotidianidad se encuentra desconocimiento frente a la posibilidad de aplicar la psicología en el campo deportivo, a las funciones que cumple un profesional en esta área y a los campos en los cuales puede desempeñarse; es por ello, que en el semillero de Psicología en la Actividad Física y el Deporte de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, se generó la inquietud sobre qué se conocía sobre este campo de aplicación en cinco poblaciones específicas: entrenadores o tutores, deportistas, psicólogos y psicólogos en formación, padres de familia de deportistas y población general que no se relaciona con el ámbito deportivo. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los participantes de la investigación habían escuchado sobre psicología del deporte en el ámbito universitario o deportivo, conocía sobre sus funciones, identificaba la importancia de contar con un psicólogo del deporte, sin embargo, consideró que era un campo de aplicación poco explorado, no conocía a un psicólogo del deporte o no había trabajado con uno, lo que evidencia la importancia que tiene el continuar promoviendo el rol del psicólogo del deporte en Antioquia.

Sport Psychology is a relatively new field of application of psychology; It had its official birth in the world in 1965 with the celebration of the first World Congress of psychology of sport in Rome; However, in Colombia, has been more leisurely appearance, being a history of the year 1973; as specialization is born in the year 2002 at the Universidad El Bosque in Bogotá and only until the year 2016 has in Colombia the second formal education programme manager of the Institución Universitaria de Envigado in where specialization is created in Psychology of physical activity and sport. Despite both academic programs, in everyday life exists ignorance against the possibility of applied psychology in the sports field, the functions fulfilled by the psychologist of the sport and the fields in which can fulfill its role; that is why, in the Semillero de investigación en Psicología en la Actividad Física y el deporte" of the Universidad Catolica Luis Amigó generated concern about that thought or knew about this field of application in 5 specific populations: trainers or guardians; athletes; psychologists and psychologists in training; parents of athletes and the general population that is not related to sport. The results showed that the majority of the sample had heard about the psychology of sport in the University or athletic field, knew about their functions, identified the importance of having a sport psychologist, however, she was considered It was a little explored field of application, they didn't know a psychologist of the sport or had not worked with one, which shows the importance that has to continue to promote the role of sports psychologist in Antioquia.

Spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L / Distribuição espaço-temporal de ácaros fitófagos e predadores no dossel de plantas de pinhão-manso

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L. Mite richness, diversity, and abundance were determined, and higher values were observed primarily in the top stratum. Mite population in J. curcas was higher during the rainy season. Phytophagous mites were mostly concentrated in the top stratum, and Brevipalpus sp. was the most abundant. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae presented the highest richness and diversity, and Amblydromalus zannoui was the most abundant species. The present results indicate seasonal population dynamics for both predatory and phytophagous mites on J. curcas.(AU)

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a distribuição espaço-temporal de ácaros fitófagos e predadores no dossel de plantas de pinhão-manso. Parâmetros de riqueza, diversidade e abundância de ácaros foram determinados. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que maiores valores de riqueza, diversidade e abundância de ácaros foram observados principalmente no estrato apical e que os níveis populacionais desses artrópodes em plantas de pinhão-manso são mais expressivos na estação chuvosa. Os ácaros fitófagos concentram-se distribuídos principalmente no estrato apical, sendo Brevipalpus sp. a espécie mais abundante. Ácaros predadores da família Phytoseiidae foram aqueles de maior riqueza e diversidade, sendo o ácaro predador Amblydromalus zannoui o mais abundante. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem uma dinâmica sazonal tanto para populações de ácaros predadores quanto para ácaros fitófagos em pinhão-manso.(AU)

Toxicity of Jatropha curcas L. latex in Allium cepa test / Toxicidade do látex de Jatropha curcas L. no modelo de Allium cepa

The latex obtained from Jatropha curcas (physic nut) is used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of disturbs, including burns, hemorrhoids, ringworm and ulcers. Phytochemical analyses have shown that J. curcas latex contains natural compounds with therapeutic potential. In this study, the toxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of J. curcas latex on the root cells of Allium cepa were examined. Onion seeds and bulbs were exposed to seven different concentrations of latex and then the roots were submitted to macro and microscopic analyses. Water and sodium azide were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. The analysis of root growth showed that J. curcas crude latex or 50% diluted is highly toxic. Cytogenetic results showed that the mitotic index of the onion roots submitted to latex treatment decreased significantly compared to the negative control, which suggests that the latex is cytotoxic. High incidence of chromosome aberrations in the cells treated with J. curcas latex was observed too, indicating that the latex also presents genotoxic effect. The analyses presented in this report suggest the toxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of J. curcas latex. Then, the indiscriminate use of J. curcas latex in folk medicine could bring risk to human health.

O látex obtido de Jatropha curcas (pinhão manso) é usado na medicina tradicional para tratamento de diversos distúrbios, como queimaduras, hemorroida, micose e úlcera. Análises fitoquímicas apontaram que o látex de J. curcas contém compostos naturais com potencial terapêutico. Este estudo avaliou a toxicidade, citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do látex de J. curcas em células da raiz de Allium cepa. Sementes e bulbos de cebola foram expostos á sete diferentes concentrações de látex e, então, as raízes foram submetidas a análises macro e microscópica. Água e azida sódica foram utilizadas como controle negativo e positivo, respectivamente. A análise do comprimento das raízes mostrou que o látex de J. curcas puro e diluído a 50% é altamente tóxico. O índice mitótico das raízes de cebola submetidas ao tratamento com o látex diminuiu significativamente comparado com o controle negativo, o que sugere que o látex é citotóxico. Uma alta incidência de aberrações cromossômicas em células tratadas com o látex de J. curcas também foi observada, indicando que o látex apresenta efeito genotóxico. Essa análise sugere que o látex de J. curcas possui efeitos tóxico, citotóxico e genotóxico, sendo que o uso indiscriminado do látex de J. curcas na medicina popular pode trazer risco à saúde humana.

Characterization and activity effect on ADH of polysaccharides from Mori Fructus / 中国中药杂志

Mori Fructus polysaccharides (MFPs) have been used as a source of therapeutic agents. The most promising activities of these biopolymers are their immunomodulation and anti-cancer effects. It was reported that polysaccharides were a potential drug against liver injury, but the hepatoprotective effect of MFPs was ambiguous. In this study, the fractionation of crude polysaccharides on DEAE-Cellulose 52 gave four fractions (MFP-1, MFP-2, MFP-2 and MFP-4). The results showed that the contents of carbohydrates were 75.3%, 83.7%, 79.1%, 74.3%, and the molecular weight of them were 112.2, 128.8, 199.5, 181.9 kDa. Monosaccharide component analysis indicated that MFP-1 was composed of galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and mannose with the molarity rate of 26.8∶20.4∶8.74∶5∶1; MFP-2 contained arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, glucose and galacturonic acid with the molarity rate of 34.2∶38.2∶8∶17.5∶15.1; MFP-3 was composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, rhamnose and arabinose with the molarity rate of 28.3∶22.6∶20.9∶18.6∶15.1; MFP-4 contained glucose, galactose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, arabinose and glucuronic acid with the molarity rate of 47.4∶34.9∶36.1∶33.1∶19.9∶4.1. IR analysis's results indicated that MFP-3 and MFP-4 may be polysaccharides containing β-glycosides. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity text showed that, all these four MFPs were found have a positive effect on the activity of ADH, with order: bifendate>MFP-3>MFP-1>MFP-2>tioprnin>MFP-4, and the MFP-3 had the highest activity and demonstrated outstanding hepatic protecting activity.

Práticas corporais de aventura na escola: possibilidades e desafios - reflexões para além da Base Nacional Comum Curricular / Adventure bodily practices in school: Opportunities and challenges - reflections beyond Curricular Common National Base / Prácticas de aventura en el cuerpo de la escuela: Oportunidades y desafíos - reflexiones más allá de la Base Nacional Común Curricular

Este texto apresenta uma análise documental sobre o conteúdo Práticas Corporais de Aventura, indicado na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), como uma novidade se comparado aos conteúdos tradicionais da Educação Física brasileira. Nosso objetivo foi analisar se o referido conteúdo atende aos princípios da educação básica presentes na BNCC, sobretudo em sua exposição na área de Linguagens, nos eixos e objetivos da formação no ensino fundamental e médio, e nos apontamentos específicos para a Educação Física; bem como de avaliar a inserção e os detalhamentos do conteúdo para cada um dos ciclos propostos. Também apontamos limites e possibilidades para a inserção deste conteúdo na Educação Física Escolar. Concluímos pela importância deste conteúdo e advogamos que sua inclusão na Educação Física Escolar deva ser balizada por propostas pedagógicas críticas.

This text presents a documental analysis about the Adventure Bodily Practices content, pointed at the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC), as a novelty comparing itself to the traditional contents of Brazilian Physic Education. Our goal was to analyses if the referred content meets the principles of basic education inside the BNCC, especially it's exposition in the Languages area, in the axis and goals of the formation in elementary and high school, and in the specific orientations for Physic Education; also evaluate the insertions and details of the content for each of the proposed cycles. We also pointed out limits and possibilities for the insertion of this content in School Physic Education. We concluded for the importance of this content, and we advocate that its inclusion of School P.E. must be buoyed by critical pedagogical propositions.

Este artículo presenta un análisis documental del contenido Prácticas corporales de Aventura que ha sido apuntado en la Base Nacional Común Curricular (BNCC), como una novedad en comparación con el contenido tradicional de la Educación Física Brasileña. Nuestro objetivo ha sido analizar si ese contenido cumple con los principios de la educación básica presente en la BNCC, especialmente en su exposición en el área de Lenguaje, en los ejes y los objetivos de la formación en la escuela primaria y secundaria, y en sus apuntes específicos para la Educación Física; además de evaluar la inserción del contenido en cada uno de los ciclos de enseñanza de la BNCC. Se buscó aún límites y posibilidades para la inclusión de estos contenidos en la educación física. Llegamos a la conclusión de la importancia de los contenidos y defendemos que su inclusión en la educación física debe ser sostenida por las propuestas pedagógicas críticas.

UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS in analyzing chemical constituents of traditional Chinese herbal preparation Babao Dan / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To rapidly identify the chemical components in a traditional Chinese compound herbal preparation Babao Dan by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flightmass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/ MS). Methods A formula database including 547 compounds was developed by Agilent software " Formula-Database Generator”. The total ion chromatograms of the Baboo Dan extracts were obtained by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and the chemical components were identified by automatic matching method according to the exact mass-to-charge ratio of each chemical component The chemical components of Baboo Dan was further verified using the secondary fragment ion obtained by adjusting the secondary monitor voltage of Q-TOF/MS. The separation was performed on a Waters Xbridge BEH C18 column (2.1 mm X 100 mm, 2.5 μm). The mobile phase composing of acetonitrile (A) and 0.5% formic acid aqueous solution (B) was used for gradient eluting (0-5 min, 5% A; 5-25 min, 5%-95% A; 25-30 min, 95% A). The temperature of column was 25°C; the flowing rate was 0.8 mL/min; and the post-column spit ratio was 2:1. The Q-TOF/MS and electro spray ion source (ESI) were applied for qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion mode, with the mass scan range being m/z 100-1 500. The capillary voltage was 3 500 V under positive ion mode and 4 000 V under negative ion mode, and the range of collision energy of MS2 was 10-40 eV. Results UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS identified a total of 78 chemical components from Babao Dnn, including saponins, bile acids, amino acids and so on. Conclusion A rapid and efficient method for identifying the chemicaf components of Babao Dan by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS has been established, and the chemical components of Babao Dan has been clarified, which lays a foundation for the quality control and further pharmacological study of Babao Dan.

Effect of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and pycnidial production of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in physic nut (Jatropha curcas ).

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas) is an important commercial bio-diesel plant species and is being advocated for development of waste and dry land. The collar and root rot caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an important soil borne disease which causes considerable yield loss in this crop. In this study, the effects of culture media, temperature, photoperiod, carbon and nitrogen sources and pH on mycelial growth and pycnidial production were evaluated. Among the growth media tested, potato dextrose agar supported the highest growth followed by potato sucrose agar and corn meal agar. Among several carbon sources tested, carboxy methyl cellulose and sucrose were found superior for growth and pycnidial production. The nitrogen sources viz., ammonium oxalate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate were recorded maximum mycelial growth and pycnidial production. The fungus grows at pH 5.0-9.0 and optimum growth was observed at pH 7.0.

Physico Chemical Parameters of Naspur Lake Adilabad District (A.P).

Present paper deals with the physic-chemical parameters of Naspur lake, Manchiryal mandal, Aailabad district. The work was carried out during the period of Sep-2011 to Aug 2012.This lake was established for Irrigation, Drinking water and Fish culture purpose last two decades back. It was in the out of 7 km distance from Manchiryal town. Singareni coal mine employs are living in the Manchiryal town, day by day expanding of city population last two decades .In rainy season it’s receiving city sewage .industrial wastes, coalmine dust run off to the lake. This type of water injuries to the health of human other aquatic fauna. So there is an urgent requirement for its extent of pollution which will help us in further management of conservation. During the study period examine the physic-chemical parameters such as: atmosphere temperature, water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, total hardness, TDS, Ca.Mg, chlorides, sulphates and phosphate, following stranded methods (APHA 1998). Now this lake is becoming eutrophic nature.

Toxicidade do pericarpo da Jatropha curcas em ovinos / Jatropha curcas pericarp toxicity in sheep

O pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas) é uma planta cultivada para a produção de biocombustível. O pericarpo é um coproduto com potencial para alimentação animal, e a presença de componentes tóxicos, principalmente ésteres de forbol, pode limitar sua utilização. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a toxicidade do pericarpo. Vinte ovinos foram distribuídos em quatro grupos - um grupo-controle, que não recebeu a planta, e três experimentais, que receberam o pericarpo nas concentrações de 15% (G15), 30% (G30) e 45% (G45), durante 23 dias. Após o 10º dia, a ingestão do pericarpo promoveu redução do consumo de alimento, diarreia, desidratação e caquexia. Todos os grupos tratados apresentaram redução na concentração de fosfatase alcalina. Animais do G30 apresentaram redução na concentração de ureia e proteínas totais e elevação de potássio e sódio. No G45, houve aumento de aspartato aminotransferase, albumina, creatinina bilirrubina indireta e total. A avaliação anatomo-histopatológica revelou ascite, hidropericárdio, congestão no trato gastrintestinal e nos pulmões, edema pulmonar, aderências à parede torácica, degeneração hepática centrolobular e das células tubulares renais, pneumonia linfo-histiocitica e enterite linfoplasmocitária e histiocítica. À análise fitoquímica, constatou-se 0,3845mg de ésteres de forbol/g de pericarpo. Conclui-se que o pericarpo de J. curcas é tóxico, não sendo recomendado para alimentação de ovinos.

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas) is a plant cultivated for biofuel production. Pericarp is a potential livestock food source by-product. However, its use may be limited due to the presence of toxic compounds, mainly phorbol esters. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate pericarp toxicity. Twenty sheep were divided in four groups, one control group which did not receive the plant and three experimental groups which received pericarp in 15% (G15), 30% (G30) and 45% (G45) concentrations for 23 days. After 10 days of treatment, pericarp ingestion produced food intake decrease, diarrhea, dehydration and loss of body condition. All treated groups showed decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity. G30 animals presented reductions in urea and total protein concentrations, and increase in potassium and sodium levels. G45 animals showed increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase activity and in albumin, creatinin, total and indirect bilirubin levels. Anatomohistopathologic findings included ascites, hydropericardium, congestion of the gastintestinal tract and lungs, pulmonary edema and adhesions in the thoracic cavity, renal tubular cells and centrilobular cytoplasmic vacuolation and lymphohistiocytic pneumonia and lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic enteritis. On the physiochemical analysis 0.3845mg of phorbol esters/g of pericarp were detected. It is concluded that J. curcas pericarp is toxic and is not recommended for sheep feeding.

Experimental research in differences between two methods of holding the syringe to draw physic liquors / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the differences of bacterial culture results and time consumption between the two methods of holding the syringes to draw physic liquors,so as to find the objective and scientific evidences to raise the efficiency of the clinical nursing work and to ensure the medication safety at the same time. Methods Making bacterial cultures for the physic liquors respectively drawn by grasping the piston of syringes (30 cases in the experimental group) and grasping the piston holder of syringes(30cases in the control group).Recorded the time consumption by grasping the piston of syringes to draw the physic liquors (the experimental group) and grasping the piston holder of syringes to draw the physic liquors (the control group).The testing results were compared between the two groups. Results Bacterial cultures:There was no bacteria growth in both groups.Timing:The time spent by grasping the piston of syringes to draw physic liquors was obviously shorter than that by grasping the piston holder of syninges to draw physic liquors. Conclusions Grasping the piston of syringes to draw physic liquors can ensure the medication safety and raise the work efficiency.

Sedentarismo em população específica de funcionários de uma empresa pública / Sedentarism in the population of employees of a public company

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Nas sociedades contemporâneas surge uma doença que representa elevado risco para doenças cardiovasculares e morte, um novo problema de saúde pública que afeta todas as idades, denominado sedentarismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir as nuances da definição de indivíduo ativo e sedentário, através de diferentes métodos descritos na literatura médica, analisando-se a incidência de sedentarismo e o perfil da população de empregados de uma empresa pública. MÉTODO: Os funcionários do sistema do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Social (BNDES) foram solicitados a responder ao Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), durante a realização do exame periódico de 2008 para quantificação da atividade física por eles realizada. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se incidência de 25% de sedentarismo, sem correlação definitiva com idade, sexo ou índice de massa corporal (IMC). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados afirmam a necessidade de estimular-se a prática de atividade física nas empresas como forma de redução dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the contemporary society, arises a new disease that carries high risk to cardiovascular diseases and death, a new public health problem that affects all ages, sedentarism. The object of this paper was to define what it means to be an active and sedentary individual, through the methods available in the literature and to investigate the incidence of sedentarism in a public company. METHOD: The application of the international physic activity questionnaire (IPAQ) to the employees of the Brazilian Development Bank, intending to quantify the intensity of the physical activity realized in their daily activities.RESULTS: It was found an incidence of 25% of sedentarism in the studied population, without definitive correlation with age, sex or body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSION: The results show the necessity to fight sedentarism and to stimulate the practice of physical activities as a way to reduce the incidence on cardiovascular risk factors.

Research in effect of physic temperature dropping by ice blanket on incidence of pressure ulcer of stroke patients in ICU / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore effect of physic temperature dropping by ice blanket on incidence of pressure ulcer of stroke patients in ICU, and normalize the basic nursing procedure during temperature reduc-tion.Methods 230 fever patients were randomly divided into the group A(control temperature with ice blan-ket,108 cases)and the group B (control temperature with routine measure,122 cases).Thc incidence of pressure ulcer and surface temperature of pressed position in the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of pressure ulcer and surface temperature of pressed position in group A was lower than those of group B.Conclusions The incidence of pressure ulcer can be reduced by using ice blanket for physic temperature dropping.The pressure of pressed position were descended by alternative prostration and lateral position.

Studies on chemical constituents of Asparagus cochinchinensis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study the chemical components in the root of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Methods: Chemical components of Asparagus cochinchinensis root were isolated by column chromatography on macroporous resin, Silgel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, etc. and the structures of the components were identified by physiochemical and spectral analysis, such as MS, 1HNMR, and 13 CNMR. Results: The following 5 components were isolated and identified: diosgenin-3-O-p-β-glu- copyranoside(I), smilagenin(II), 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-3β, 22, 26-triol-3-0-p-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-O-β-D-glu- copyranoside(JU) 26-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-5, 20-en-3β, 2α, 26-triol-3-O-[α-α-rhamnopyranosyl (1[2)]-[α-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D- glucopyranoside(IV), and 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-3β, 26-diol-22-methoxy-3-0-α-L-rhamnopyranosy (1-4)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (V). Conclusion: All the 5 compounds isolated from Asparagus cochinchinensis in this study is reported for the first time.

A comparison between the root and stalk of Actinidia valvata / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To make a comparative study on the root and stalk of Actinidia valvata, so as to lay a ground for expanding medicinal part of Actinidia valvata. Methods: A comparative study was made between the root and stalk of Actinidia valvata on the following aspects: macroscopical properties, physical and chemical properties, contents of active constituents, and pharmacological actions. Results: The root and stalk of Actinidia valvata both showed positive reaction for alkaloids and saponin, and both had 280 nm absorption peak in UV-Vis spectrum. The aqueous extraction yield of the root and stalk were 5.35% and 5.68%, respectively; the contents of dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol were 0.005 01% and 0.006 41%, respectively. The IC50 of root and stalk extracts against HL60 were 62.39 mg and 75.51 mg, respectively; and against K562 were 70.47 mg and 77.46 mg, respectively. Their extracts had similar scavenging activity for free radicals and reductive effect; neither of them had analgesia actions. Conclusion: The root and stalk of Actinidia valvata have similar physical and chemical properties, contents of active constituents and pharmacological actions, suggesting that it is highly possible to substitute the root of Actinidia valvata with stalk for medicinal usage.

Biomarcadores séricos del estado de salud en jóvenes universitarios de acuerdo a su nivel de actividad física / Serum biomarkers of health status in university students according to their level of physical activity

El objetivo del estudio fue categorizar el riesgo a sufrir enfermedades cardiometabólicas a partir del uso de biomarcadores del metabolismo de los lípidos y proteínas en estudiantes deportistas o sedentarios de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Se determinó en suero de 103 sujetos (55 deportistas y 48 sedentarios), por método colorimétrico: creatinina (Cr), proteína total (Pt), albúmina (Al), triglicéridos (Tg), colesterol total (Col-T), y lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL-C), mientras que la de baja densidad (LDL-C) se obtuvo por la fórmula de Friedewald y las globulinas por la resta entre Pt y Al. Los niveles séricos de los biomarcadores se encontraron dentro de los rangos de referencia. Sólo en las HDL-C y las globulinas no se observaron diferencias significativas entre sedentarios y deportistas. En estos últimos se consiguieron los Tg notablemente bajos, mientras que el Col-T fue alto, principalmente a expensa de la LDL-C. En este grupo, la condición de los diferentes componentes del perfil lipídico y del índice Col-T/HDL-C estuvieron influenciadas por una distorsión transitoria de la lipemia, posiblemente asociada a procesos inflamatorios mediados por respuesta inmune que se presenta en actividad física de alta intensidad. Se detectó baja proporción de HDL-C elevado en sedentarios y deportistas. Apenas 2,1 por ciento de los sedentarios y 1,0 por ciento de la muestra total tuvieron albúmina sérica baja, la cual está asociada a riesgo incrementado a sufrir enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Una pequeña proporción de la muestra evaluada pudiera ser susceptible a sufrir algún tipo de enfermedad cardiometabólica

The main objective of this study was to categorize the risk of suffering of cardiometabolic disease. For this, lipids and proteins metabolic biomarkers were used on sporting or sedentary students from Universidad Central de Venezuela. The following parameters were determined by colorimetric methods: Creatinine (Cr), Total protein (Tp), Albumin (Al), Triglycerides (Tg), Total cholesterol (T-Cho) and High density lipoproteins (HDL-C). The low density lipoproteins (LDL-C) were calculated by using the Friedewald formulae and globulins values were obtained by subtracting Tp from Al. The seric biomarkers levels were in the normal reference ranges. There were not significant differences on the HDL-C and globulins values between sporting and sedentary students. The sporting group showed very low Tg levels, with high T-Cho, due mainly to LDL-C. In this group, the conditions of the different components of the lipidic profile and T-Cho/HDL-C rate were influenced by a transitory lipemic distortion, possibly due to inflammatory mechanism mediated by immune response, which is observed in physical activity of high intensity. Low levels of HDL-C were obtained from both studied groups. Only 2,1 percent from the sedentary group and 1,0 percent of total sample showed low levels of albumin, which is associated to high risk of suffering from cardiovascular disease. Only a small part of the evaluated sample could be susceptible of suffering cardiometabolic disease