Hp infection rate, antibody typing and logistics regression analysis of 1111 physical examination people in plateau area / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To explore the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection rate and antibody typing of 1111 physical examination people in plateau area, and to analyze the risk factors of Hp infection by logistics regression analysis. Methods 1111 healthy people with physical examination in plateau area from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The Hp infection rate and antibody typing were calculated, and the risk factors of Hp infection were analyzed by logistics regression analysis. Results The Hp infection rate of physical examination people in plateau area was 62.47% (694/1 111). The infection rate of type I HP in infected patients was higher than that of type Ⅱ HP(75.50% vs 24.50%) (χ2=361.141, P2=4.418, 8.708, 16.565, 32.583, P=0.036, 0.003, 2=5.153, P=0.023). Often eating pickled or barbecued foods [OR (95%CI)=2.038 (1.049-3.961)], history of chronic gastric disease [OR(95%CI)=1.706 (1.132-2.569)] and family members living together≥4 [OR (95%CI)=1.857 (1.135-3.037)] were risk factors of Hp infection, and regular garlic consumption [OR (95%CI)=0.559 (0.346-0.903)] was a protective factor (P=0.036, 0.011, 0.014, 0.018). Conclusion The Hp infection rate and antibody Ure positive rate are higher in physical examination people in plateau area, and chronic gastric disease history and often eating pickled or barbecued foods are risk factors of Hp infection.

Uso de la ultrasonografía en la evaluación de la retención urinaria en pacientes críticos / Use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of urinary retention in critically ill patients / Utilização da ultrassonografia na avaliação de retenção urinária em pacientes críticos

Objetivo: medir el volumen urinario por medio de la ecografía vesical, realizado por una enfermera en pacientes críticos, después de la retirada de la sonda urinaria permanente y verificar los factores relacionados en la retención urinaria. Método: estudio cuantitativo, observacional y transversal, realizado con 37 pacientes críticos de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años, con retiro de catéter vesical permanente en las últimas 48 horas. Se utilizó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y el examen ecográfico. Se utilizó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y el examen ecográfico. Los datos fueron presentados a través de distribución de frecuencias, medidas de centralidad y variabilidad, asociación mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher y, para el análisis, regresión logística binomial múltiple. Resultados: de los 37 pacientes, en su mayoría fue de sexo masculino, con una edad média de 54,9 años. La medición del volumen urinario por ecografía osciló entre 332,3 y 950 ml, y el 40,54% de los pacientes presentó retención urinaria. La retención urinaria se asoció significativamente a la aparición de infección urinaria, estreñimiento intestinal y diuresis por rebosamiento espontáneo. Los pacientes con infección del tracto urinario tenían 7,4 veces más probabilidades de tener retención urinaria. Conclusión: la ecografía vesical fue eficaz para medir el volumen urinario después de retirar el catéter urinario permanente y puede contribuir a la detección de retención urinaria.

Objective: to measure urinary volume through bladder ultrasound, performed by a nurse in critically ill patients, after removal of the indwelling urinary catheter and to verify the related factors on urinary retention. Method: quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study, carried out with 37 critically ill patients of both sexes, over 18 years of age, with removal of indwelling urinary catheter in the last 48 hours. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical variables and an ultrasound examination were used. Data were presented through frequency distribution, centrality and variability measures, association using Fisher`s exact test and, for analysis multiple binomial logistic regression analysis. Results: the 37 patients were mostly male, with a mean age of 54.9 years. The measurement of urinary volume by ultrasound ranged from 332.3 to 950 ml, and 40.54% of patients had urinary retention. Urinary retention was significantly associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infection, intestinal constipation and spontaneous overflow diuresis. Patients with urinary tract infection were 7.4 times more likely to have urinary retention. Conclusion: bladder ultrasonography was effective in measuring urinary volume after removal of the indwelling urinary catheter and and may contribute to the detection of urinary retention.

Objetivo: mensurar o volume urinário por meio da ultrassonografia de bexiga, realizada por enfermeiro em pacientes críticos, após a remoção do cateter vesical de demora, e verificar os fatores relacionados na retenção urinária. Método: estudo quantitativo, observacional e transversal, realizado com 37 pacientes críticos de ambos os sexos, idade superior a 18 anos, com retirada de cateter vesical de demora nas últimas 48 horas. Foram utilizados um questionário contendo as variáveis sociodemográficas e clinicas e o exame de ultrassonografia. Os dados foram apresentados por meio da distribuição de frequência, medidas de centralidade e de variabilidade, associação pelo teste exato de Fisher e, para análise a regressão logística binomial múltipla. Resultados: dos 37 pacientes, a maioria era do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 54,9 anos. A mensuração do volume urinário pela ultrassonografia variou de 332,3 a 950 ml, sendo que 40,54% dos pacientes apresentaram retenção urinária. A retenção urinaria apresentou associação significativa para a ocorrência de infecção do trato urinário, constipação intestinal e diurese espontânea por transbordamento. Pacientes com infecção urinária tiveram 7,4 vezes mais chance de apresentar retenção urinária. Conclusão: ultrassonografia de bexiga foi eficaz para mensurar o volume urinário após a remoção do cateter vesical de demora e poderá contribuir na detecção da retenção urinária.

Multimedia educativa: Examen Físico del Aparato Cardiovascular

Introducción: La formación de estudiantes de las Ciencias Médicas se inició como algo netamente presencial; al pasar el tiempo las invenciones fueron formando parte de la práctica médica y educativa, donde la educación digital tomó un puesto relevante. Objetivo: Diseñar un software educativo para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las características del examen físico del aparato cardiovascular. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de innovación y desarrollo tecnológico con el diseño de una multimedia, usando la plataforma Chreasoft, para el estudio del examen físico del aparato cardiovascular en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas Nuevitas durante el curso 2020 - 2021. El universo de aplicación del software se conformó por los 33 estudiantes de 3er. año de la carrera de medicina. Resultados: Durante el diagnóstico inicial, tres estudiantes resultaron evaluados de mal. En la evaluación final, luego de utilizar el software, predominó el uso de bibliografía digital e impresa; además se evidenció un incremento en el nivel de información de los estudiantes, ya que la mayoría obtuvo calificación de bien; se destacó el nivel de satisfacción en la categoría de alto tras el uso del software educativo por los estudiantes. Conclusiones: La multimedia Examen Físico del Aparato Cardiovascular constituye, en nuestro medio, un aporte al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje y tributa al modo de actuación del futuro egresado, mediante la formación de valores, interactividad con el contenido, retroalimentación, evaluación y el desarrollo de habilidades, como el trabajo independiente y la autopreparación.

Introduction: The training of medical sciences students began as something involving purely face-to-face activities; but as time passed, the inventions became part of the medical and educational practice where digital education reached a relevant position. Objective: To design an educational software for the teaching and learning of the characteristics of the physical examination of the cardiovascular system. Methods: A study of innovation and technological development was carried out with the design of a multimedia, using the Chreasoft platform for the study of the physical examination of the cardiovascular system at the Subsidiary of Medical Sciences Nuevitas during the 2020 - 2021 academic year. The universe of application of the software was made up of the 33 students in the 3rd year of medical studies. Results: During the initial diagnosis, three students were evaluated as poor. In the final evaluation, after using the software, the use of digital and printed bibliography predominated. In addition, an increase in the level of information among students was evidenced since most of them were evaluated as good; after the use of the educational software the high level of satisfaction expressed by the students was highlighted. Conclusions: The multimedia Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System constitutes, in our field, a contribution to the teaching-learning process and contributes to the way of acting of the future graduate through the formation of values, interactivity with the content, feedback, evaluation and development of skills, independent work, and self-preparation.

Exame físico em ginecologia / Physical examination in gynecology

O exame físico na prática ginecológica diuturna é o sustentáculo de uma perspectiva diagnóstica com vistas a uma abordagem individualizada, oportuna e humanizada da paciente. Lança mão de técnica semiótica clássica, inicialmente, após avaliação de sinais vitais, minuciosa inspeção ectoscópica, seguida de exame físico especial. E deverá ser realizado em ambiente adequadíssimo, sem nenhuma improvisação e ou adaptações não compatíveis, com a importância e a segurança garantidas por um exame físico de boa qualidade. O exame físico de mamas tem como objetivo primordial a identificação de nódulos mamários e, eventualmente, de tumores localmente avançados; e relativa tranquilidade é assegurada às pacientes quando ele é considerado normal. O exame físico vulvar permite a identificação de prolapso de órgãos pélvicos, neoplasia intraepitelial e/ou invasiva vulvar e distúrbios de desenvolvimento sexual, além de oferecer subsídios para a propedêutica da vulvodínea, sendo, principalmente, uma oportunidade para o diagnóstico em dermatologia vulvar, mesmo a vulva correspondendo a apenas 1% da pele feminina. O exame especular, um clássico da ginecologia, é indispensável para a triagem do câncer de colo uterino. Por fim, o toque genital, a despeito de sua subjetividade, permite a avaliação dos órgãos genitais internos.

Physical examination in daytime gynecological practice is the mainstay of a diagnostic perspective with a view to an individualized, timely and humanized approach to the patient; resorting to the classical semiotic technique, initially, after assessing vital signs, a thorough ectoscopic inspection, followed by a special physical examination; which should be carried out in a very suitable environment, without any improvisation or adaptations that are not compatible with the importance and safety guaranteed by a good quality physical examination. The primary objective of the physical examination of the breasts is to identify breast nodules and possibly locally advanced tumors; in addition to relative tranquility, assured to patients, when the respective exam is considered normal. Vulvar physical examination allows the identification of pelvic organ prolapse; vulvar intraepithelial and/or invasive neoplasia; sexual development disorders; in addition to offering subsidies for the propaedeutics of vulvodynia; and, above all, it is an opportunity for diagnosis in vulvar dermatology, even though the vulva accounts for only 1% of female skin. Specular examination, a classic in gynecology, is essential for screening for cervical cancer. Finally, the genital touch which, despite its subjectivity, allows the evaluation of the internal genital organs.

Síndrome de niño agredido: reporte de caso / Battered child síndrome: case report

La valoración médico legal en los casos de Síndrome de niño agredido debe ser minuciosa, y abarcar todos los aspectos que indican los artículos y guías nacionales e internacionales, para tener una certeza diagnóstica, debe incluir una historia médico legal completa, examen físico detallado y estudios complementarios, así como diagnóstico diferencial. El presente artículo abarca algunos de los aspectos principales a tomar en cuenta ante la sospecha de abuso infantil, mediante la presentación y abordaje de un caso clínico.

The medical legal assessment in the cases of Attacked Child Syndrome must be thorough and cover all the aspects indicated in the articles and national and international guides, to have a diagnostic certainty, it must include a complete legal medical history, detailed physical examination and complementary studies, as well as differential diagnosis. This article covers some of the main aspects to consider when suspected of child abuse, through the presentation and approach of a clinical case.

Cognitive abilities and medical students' practice of physical exams: A quasi-experimental study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To highlight the importance of clinical simulations and simulated laboratories for student training, especially in physical examination teaching. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the gains obtained by medical students in their cognitive and practical performance of physical examinations (abdominal, cardiological, and pulmonary), as well as satisfaction and self-confidence in what they have learned, after concentrated practice developed in a skills and simulation laboratory. DESIGN AND SETTING: A quantitative and quasi-experimental study in which 48 students were evaluated at the Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A quantitative and descriptive study was conducted with regularly enrolled 2nd year medical students over 18 years of age who had content prior to data collection regarding anamnesis and physical examination remotely taught in a Moodle virtual learning environment. For data collection, the participants were subjected to a concentrated period of skill training (abdominal, cardiological, and pulmonary). Every day after the skill training session, they were subjected to a practical evaluation and completed a theoretical test before and after the practical activities. At the end of all activities, they answered the instrument to assess the simulated practices (self-confidence and satisfaction). RESULTS: Among the 49 students evaluated, positive and significant theoretical and practical gains were identified in all three components (abdominal, cardiological, and pulmonary) (P = 0.000), as well as in the general evaluation (Theoretical 1 and Theoretical 2) (P = 0.000), satisfaction, and self-confidence (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Concentrated laboratory practice resulted in positive improvements in students' physical examination skills.

Cardiovascular physical examination as a screening tool for congenital heart disease in newborns at a teaching hospital in Ghana

Objectives: To determine the usefulness of cardiovascular physical examination (CPE) as a screening tool in a lowresource setting for detecting congenital heart disease (CHD) in newborns delivered at the Maternity Unit of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra, Ghana. Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional study with a comparison group component. Setting: Maternity Unit of the KBTH, Accra, Ghana. Participants: Over eight months, newborns aged 1-14 days delivered at ≥ 34 weeks' gestation at the Maternity Unit, KBTH, were recruited into the study. Intervention: Each newborn was examined using a set of CPE parameters for the presence of congenital heart disease. Those with suggestive features of CHD had a confirmatory echocardiogram test. Main Outcome Measure: Abnormal CPE features and their corresponding echocardiogram findings. Results: A total of 1607 were screened, with 52 newborns showing signs of CHD on CPE, of which 20 newborns were proven on echocardiogram to have congenital heart disease. Abnormal CPE parameter that was associated with CHD was murmur (P=0.001), dysmorphism (p=0.01), newborns with chest recessions (p=0.01) and lethargy (p=0.02). CPE's sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 95%, 60.7%, 36.5% and 98,1%, respectively. The most common acyanotic CHD found was isolated atrial septal defect (ASD), followed by patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The only cyanotic CHD found was a case of tricuspid atresia. Conclusion: Cardiovascular physical examination at birth is an effective and inexpensive screening tool for detecting CHD in newborns, which can easily be utilised in low-resource settings.

Cross-sectional associations of practicing YOSAKOI Soran and physical functions of middle-aged and older women / 体力科学

Insufficient physical function is strongly associated with decreased activity of daily living and health-related quality of life in middle-aged and older women. YOSAKOI Soran is one of the traditional Japanese dances to have naruko (wooden hand clappers) in their hands as they dance and incorporate the phrase from the Soran Bushi in their song. YOSAKOI Soran festivals can be seen being held in various places across the country, proving its growing popularity with residents as a celebration regardless of age or occupation. The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between YOSAKOI Soran and the physical functions of middle-aged and older women. A total of 30 middle-aged and older women practicing YOSAKOI Soran (YOSAKOI group) and 163 middle-aged and older women who had not practiced YOSAKOI Soran (control group) participated in this cross-sectional study. Handgrip strength, 30-second chair stand performance, and flexibility were used to measure physical functions. Handgrip strength was not significantly differed between the YOSAKOI group and the control group (P = 0.79). 30-second chair stand performance and flexibility were significantly higher in the YOSAKOI group than in the control group (both P < 0.05). These results remained significant after adjusting for age and body mass index (both P < 0.05). The present results suggest that practicing YOSAKOI Soran may increase lower extremity function and flexibility in middle-aged and older women.

Association between platelet distribution width and hyperuricemia in healthy population / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To analyze the correlation between platelet distribution width (PDW) and hyperuricemia (HUA). 【Methods】 For this study we recruited 4 885 teaching and administrative staff of Xi’an Jiaotong University who took the physical examination in 2020 and met the requirements. The basic information, blood routine and serum biochemical index results were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Data were sorted by gender, and the serum UA level and the prevalence of HUA in different PDW quartiles were compared after dividing PDW into quartiles. The association of PDW with other indexes including age, serum biochemical indexes and blood routine indexes was analyzed. Then, the factors related to HUA in different genders were analyzed, and the independent influence of PDW on HUA was further analyzed. 【Results】 The serum UA level and prevalence of HUA were on the increase among different PDW quartiles both in two genders, and PDW level was positively correlated with serum UA level (P0.05). 【Conclusion】 PDW is correlated with HUA, and PDW may be an independent risk factor for HUA in males. However, further study is needed.

An assessment of employees’ perception of disease in relation to the importance of annual physical examination among Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center workers

Introduction@#Annual health examinations are a crucial component of health promotion and sickness prevention. A hospital cannot fulfill its core objective of helping people if its employees are not physically, intellectually, and socially fit.@*Objective@#The purpose of this study was to determine the health perception and level of awareness regarding the Annual Physical Examination of Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center (JRRMMC) employees.@*Methods@#The study utilized the descriptive method of research and an online survey questionnaire were adopted and constructed.@*Results@#One hundred fourteen participants who completed the survey, 67.5% were female, and 32.5% were male. Majority of the respondents were 31-40 ages or 43.9%. 43.9 % were from the nursing/supervisor/officers. In terms of health perception in various indicators, the respondents were concerned about their health. The overall mean of 3.7105 (SD=0.48884) shows in general that respondents were very aware of the level of preventive care.@*Conclusions@#The findings suggested that the majority of respondents were aware of the importance of annual physical examination in terms of the level of preventive care insignificant to their health perceptions.

Survey on current status of noise hazards in key industries in Tianjin in 2020 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To conduct a survey on the status of noise hazards in Tianjin in 2020, to analyze the main distribution characteristics of noise hazards, and to put forward corresponding preventive and control measures. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to investigate the city-wide enterprises with more than 5 employees, normal production and operation, and noise hazards. The χ2 test was used to analyze the survey results. Results There were 8 560 enterprises with noise hazards, which were concentrated in the five outer suburban districts, the four districts around the city and the Binhai New Area, mainly small and medium-sized enterprises. Totally, 223 800 people were exposed to noise. The rates of noise hazard detection and physical examination of workers were 25.88% and 17.66%, and the rate of over standard detection and the rate of abnormal physical examination were 13.09% and 1.62%, respectively. The differences in noise detection rate, over standard detection rate and physical examination rate were significant in different administrative regions, enterprise scales and industries. The detection rate and physical examination rate of enterprises in the five outer suburban districts, micro-scale enterprises, and paper products industries were the lowest, while the rate of exceeding standards was the highest in the railway, shipping, aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing industries. Conclusion Noise is a common occupational hazard in enterprises in Tianjin. There are a large number of people who are exposed to noise. The detection rate and physical examination rate of noise are at a low level. Individual industries have a high rate of exceeding the standard. The current situation of noise hazard prevention and control is not optimistic. It is recommended to pay attention to it and take effective intervention measures.

Analysis of findings of ear, nose, and throat exam of some freshmen in military college entrance examination in Shandong Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the ear, nose, and throat exam of some freshmen in the military college entrance examination in Shandong Province in 2020 and to facilitate adolescent targeted health promotion.@*Methods@#The 1 411 freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination in Jinan, Zibo and Weifang of Shandong Province were included. The ear, nose, and throat exam were performed by professionals using electric otoscope, 5 meter whispering test, and front rhinoscope.@*Results@#Nasal septal deviation and hypertrophy of inferior turbinate accounted for the highest proportion. Among 489 cases of nasal septum deviation, the detection rate of Jinan (15.97%) was significantly lower than that of Weifang (43.60%) and Zibo (46.53%) ( χ 2=63.32， P <0.05). For deviation of nasal septum, the detection rate in students with urban residence (31.53%) was significantly lower than that of rural students (39.03%) ( χ 2=4.11， P <0.05). Seventy two cases of inferior turbinate hyperplasia were detected, and the detection rate in Jinan (2.99%) was significantly lower than that in Weifang (6.51%) and Zibo (6.04%) ( χ 2=6.63， P <0.05). The detection rate of tonsil hypertrophy was significantly lower in boys (4.63%), students from urban area (3.94%), compared with that of girls(9.56%) and rural students (6.70%) ( χ 2=5.35，4.86， P <0.05). In pharyngeal examination, tonsil hyperplasia was the most common condition of enlarged tonsils ( n =214), which was significantly higher in Jinan(22.36%) than that of Weifang (11.71 %) and Zibo (10.74%) ( χ 2=22.39， P <0.05), and was significantly lower in boys (14.38%) and rural students (12.40%) than that in girls (22.79%) and urban students (17.24%) ( χ 2=4.70，4.65， P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Nasal septum deviation and tonsil hypertrophy are the most prevalent upper airway diseases among freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination. Prevention and treatment of nasopharynx diseases should be emphasized.

Factors affecting osteoporosis among physical examination populations aged over 35 years in urban areas of Hangzhou City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the development of osteoporosis (OS) and its influencing factors among physical examination populations aged over 35 years in urban areas of Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into OP prevention.@*Methods@#Subjects aged over 35 years that underwent physical examinations in Wenhui Street Community Health Service Center of Gongshu District, Hanghzhou City during the period between April and July, 2022 were enrolled. Subjects' demographic characteristics and physical examination data were collected, and the bone mineral density and serum vitamin D levels were measured. The factors affecting the development of OP were identified using a logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 1 561 subjects were recruited, including 616 males (39.46%) with a median (interquartile range) age of 62 (18) years, and 945 females (60.54%) with a median (interquartile range) age of 62 (19) years. The prevalence of OP was 43.69% among the study subjects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified women (OR=1.367, 95%CI: 1.105-2.979) and increased age (OR=1.057, 95%CI: 1.044-1.069) as risk factors for OP and elevated serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels as a protective factor for OP (OR=0.969, 95%CI: 0.954-0.985).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of OP was 43.69% among physical examination populations aged over 35 years in urban areas of Hangzhou City, and gender, age and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were factors affecting the development of OP.

Factors affecting physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders in Shaoxing City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the proportion of physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders and its influencing factors in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the proportion of physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders. @*Methods @#The epidemiological and clinical features of patients with severe mental disorders included in community management in Shaoxing City in 2022 were collected from Zhejiang Provincial Severe Mental Disorder Management Information System, including demographics, disease diagnosis and treatment, physical examination, and rescue and assistance. Factors affecting the physical examination were identified among patients with severe mental disorders using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total of 25 468 patients with severe mental disorders were enrolled in Shaoxing City in 2022, including 12 151 males and 13 317 females, with a male to female ratio of 0.91∶1, and the participants had a mean age of (54.34±14.71) years. Schizophrenia was the predominant type of severe mental disorders (15 419 cases, 60.54%), and 21 374 subjects participating in the physical examinations in 2022 (83.92%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=0.901, 95%CI: 0.832-0.975), urban areas (OR=0.506, 95%CI: 0.468-0.547), mental disorders due to epilepsy (OR=1.779, 95%CI: 1.104-2.866), hospitalized treatment (6 to 10 times, OR=0.523, 95%CI: 0.401-0.681; 11 times and more, OR=0.177, 95%CI: 0.108-0.288), special diseases in outpatient (OR=1.738, 95%CI: 1.597-1.891), receiving medical assistance (OR=2.851, 95%CI: 2.616-3.107), targets of the community care and assistance groups (OR=1.653, 95%CI: 1.471-1.857) and guardian (spouse, OR=1.777, 95%CI: 1.513-2.086; children, OR=1.277, 95%CI: 1.069-1.526; parents, OR=1.342, 95%CI: 1.143-1.576) were statistically associated with the proportion of physical examinations. @*Conclusions@#The proportion of health examinations was 83.92% among patients with severe mental disorders in Shaoxing City in 2022. Gender, residence, guardian, disease diagnosis, times of hospitalized treatment, medical assistance, special diseases in outpatients and target of community care and assistance groups were factors affecting health examinations among patients with severe mental disorders.

Establishment of a concise health index synthetic evaluation method for adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive concise health index (CHI) for evaluating adolescents, so as to provide a basis for determining the overall health status of adolescents in China.@*Methods@#On the basis of a literature review and consensus among core researchers, adolescent CHI indicators in the following five dimensions were assessed:physical growth, physical fitness, common diseases, mental health and behavioral health. A total of 24 experts used an analysis hierarcgy process (AHP) to calculate the indicators subjective weights. In addition, from October to December of 2021, two regions, A and B were selected to conduct empirical research, and the CRITIC method was used to calculate the objective weights of the indicators. Finally, the weight coefficients were determined through the AHP-CRITIC combination weight method, and comprehensive evaluation was performed with the TOPSIS method.@*Results@#Across academic period and genders, the combined weighted coefficients of the health indicators were as follows:BMI, 0.081-0.095; waist circumference, 0.070-0.081; relative grip strength, 0.101-0.108; myopia, 0.110-0.128; dental caries, 0.055-0.070; psychological symptoms, 0.240-0.262; physical exercise, 0.085-0.115; screen time, 0.097-0.111; and sleep duration, 0.086-0.103. The health index of middle school students in city A (0.626±0.065) was significantly higher than that in city B(0.613±0.066)( t=6.34, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#The comprehensive adolescent CHI evaluation method has good consistency and application value, and may serve as a reference for adolescent health monitoring.

Avaliação da dilatação cervical em simuladores de dilatação / Evaluación de la dilatación cervical en simuladores de dilatación / Cervical dilation assessment in dilation simulators

Resumo Objetivo Comparar o número de acertos dos estudantes na avaliação da dilatação cervical em simuladores de dilatação com e sem o uso de uma validação visual direta. Métodos Estudo transversal com 40 alunos de graduação em Obstetrícia de uma Universidade Pública de São Paulo, que avaliaram as dilatações cervicais em simuladores de dilatação às cegas, em três etapas: na primeira, estimaram as dilatações nos simuladores, na segunda, compararam sequencialmente os achados nos simuladores com uma ferramenta de validação visual direta usando a mão dominante e depois a mão não dominante, e na terceira etapa, compararam simultaneamente as estimativas encontradas nos simuladores com a validação visual direta com a mão dominante e não dominante. O desfecho foi o acerto da dilatação cervical nos simuladores de dilatação ou não acerto, com valor de p ≤ 0,05 considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados Foram analisadas 240 avaliações e computados os acertos dos estudantes relacionados a avaliação da dilatação cervical dos simuladores. Houve aumento da taxa de acerto de 47,1% com o uso da validação visual direta (OR= 4,689; IC95%: 2,601-8,452; p<0,001). Conclusão O uso de uma validação visual direta aumenta a probabilidade de acertos dos alunos na avaliação da dilatação cervical em simuladores de dilatação.

Resumen Objetivo Comparar el número de aciertos de los estudiantes en la evaluación de la dilatación cervical en simuladores de dilatación con y sin uso de una validación visual directa. Métodos Estudio transversal con 40 alumnos de la carrera de Obstetricia de una universidad pública de São Paulo, quienes evaluaron las dilataciones cervicales en simuladores de dilatación a ciegas, en tres etapas: en la primera, estimaron las dilataciones en los simuladores; en la segunda, compararon secuencialmente los resultados en los simuladores con una herramienta de validación visual directa usando la mano dominante y después la mano no dominante; y en la tercera etapa, compararon simultáneamente las estimativas encontradas en los simuladores con la validación visual directa con la mano dominante y no dominante. El criterio de valoración fue el acierto de la dilatación cervical en los simuladores de dilatación o el no acierto, con un valor de p ≤ 0,05 considerado estadísticamente significativo. Resultados Se analizaron 240 evaluaciones y se computaron los aciertos de los estudiantes relacionados con la evaluación de la dilatación cervical de los simuladores. Hubo un aumento del índice de acierto del 47,1 % con el uso de la validación visual directa (OR= 4,689; IC 95 %: 2,601-8,452; p<0,001). Conclusión El uso de una validación visual directa aumenta la probabilidad de aciertos de los alumnos en la evaluación de la dilatación cervical en simuladores de dilatación.

Abstract Objective To compare the number of hits of students in cervical dilation assessment in dilation simulators with and without the use of direct visual validation. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 40 undergraduate obstetrics students from a public university in São Paulo, who assessed cervical dilatations in blind dilatation simulators, in three stages: in the first, they estimated dilations in the simulators; in the second, they sequentially compared the findings in simulators with a direct visual validation tool using the dominant hand and then the non-dominant hand; and in the third step, they simultaneously compared the estimates found in simulators with direct visual validation with the dominant and non-dominant hands. The outcome was the success of cervical dilation in dilation simulators or not, with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results We analyzed 240 assessments and computed the hits of students related to cervical dilatation assessment of simulators. There was an increase in the hit rate of 47.1% with the use of direct visual validation (OR= 4.689; 95%CI: 2.601-8.452; p<0.001). Conclusion The use of direct visual validation increases the probability of hits by students in cervical dilation assessment in dilation simulators.

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and albuminuria among physical examination population / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori ( H.pylori) infection and albuminuria inphysical examination population. Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. All the adults who received physical examination and underwent 13C-urea breath test at the Physical Examination Center in Tongji Hospital in 2021 were selected as the study subjects. General data (such as demographic information and past medical history) were documented. The physical measurement and blood biochemical indicators were checked too. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze the relationship between H. pylori infection and albuminuria. Results:A total of 30 311 subjects were included in this analysis. There were 17 123 males and 13 188 females with an age of (44.51±12.17) years. The positive rate of H. pylori infection was 27.3%. The incidence of albuminuria in subjects with H. pylori infection was 6.7%, and it was 6.1% in the subjects without H. pylori infection ( P=0.031). After adjusting for the confounding factors such as gender, age, diabetes and hypertension, H. pylori infection was independently associated with the risk of albuminuria (odds ratio ( OR)=1.133, 95% CI: 1.018-1.261, P=0.022). Conclusion:H. pylori infection is positively correlated with the occurrence of albuminuria in the physical examination population.

Awareness of diabetes knowledge and its influencing factors among health examination population / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the awareness of diabetes knowledge among the health examination population and its influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From september to november 2022, the subjects of six health examination centers located in six different cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Xiamen, Hangzhou) in China were investigated in the form of questionnaires to investigate the awareness of diabetes core information and the level of trust to different information sources of diabetes knowledge. According to the questionnaire results, the subjects were divided into a high awareness group of diabetes core information and a low awareness group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes core information awareness; the t-test was used to compare the trust degree of the two groups to different information sources. Results:A total of 9 315 people were included in the six centers, including 4 932 men (52.90%) with an average age of (39.36±12.64) years and 4 383 women (47.10%) with a mean age of (37.47±11.85) years. Only 36% of the people had high awareness of diabetes core information; variables such as gender, age, education level, physical examination frequency in the past three years, package price of this physical examination, self-evaluation of diabetes knowledge, diabetes status, and city of residence were variables that affect the level of awareness of core information related to diabetes (all P<0.05). Compared with the low awareness group of diabetes core information, the high awareness group trusted professional medical staff ( t=-9.597, P<0.05) and community health promotion more ( t=-5.014, P<0.05), but did not trust the emerging popular science propaganda means, such as WeChat official accounts/WeChat groups/QQ groups, Internet web page, Tiktok/Kwai and other short video APPs. Conclusion:The awareness rate of diabetes knowledge among the health examination population is low, and it is affected by many factors; Health education on diabetes knowledge should be carried out for people undergoing physical examination.

Research on the improvement of physical examination service quality based on KANO model and quality function deployment / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To establish an integrated model with KANO model and quality function deployment theory to determine the priority of measures in improving the quality of physical examination service.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 196 physical examinees from the Health Management Center of the second affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were selected by simple random sampling. Reliability test was used to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. KANO model was used to determine the importance of physical examination needs in health examination population. The quality function deployment model was used to create the house of quality and determine the priority of the importance of various service measures.Results:In the high important attribute requirements of physical examination, the final importance of emergency ability, outpatient time, professional and advanced equipment are 0.054, 0.052, 0.047 and 0.046 respectively. The measures that needed to be given priority to improve the quality of physical examination services were to improve the quality of medical services (absolute importance=107.5), strengthen skill assessment (absolute importance=70.1), define guidance, consultation and clinic identification (absolute importance=56.2), introduce advanced equipment and facilities (absolute importance=53.7), timely and accurate physical examination report (absolute importance=51.9) and interpretation of physical examination report (absolute importance=50.9).Conclusions:The physical examination center should give priority to the measures such as improving the medical level, strengthening the skill examination, introducing advanced equipment and facilities, defining the guidance of examination, consultation and consultation room identification, and strengthening service management.

Analysis on per capita expenses of physical examination and its related factors in health examination (management) institutions in 2019 / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the per capita expenses of physical examination and its related factors in health examination (management) institutions in 2019.Methods:Using the census method, the basic information, including the name, address, nature, level and operation nature of the institutions, and per capita expenses of physical examination in provincial health examination (management) institutions in 2019 were collected by questionnaire survey. Rank sum test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:In 2019, the top three provinces in terms of per capita expenses of physical examination were Shanghai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Beijing, with 612.00 yuan, 547.90 yuan and 528.83 yuan, respectively; Guizhou Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province ranked the last three, with 255.25 yuan, 244.00 yuan and 235.10 yuan, respectively. There were significant differences in per capita expenses of physical examination among different health examination (management) institutions in different regions and of different institutional nature, institutional level and business nature (all P<0.05). The per capita expenses of physical examination was positively correlated with the local per capita health care expenditure, the proportion of local population aged 15-64 years and the proportion of local people with education of college and above ( r=0.465, 0.374 and 0.401, all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are differences in the per capita expenses of physical examination in health examination (management) institutions among different regions, institutional nature, institutional level and business nature in 2019, and it is related to the per capita health care expenditure, age and educational level of the local people.