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RESUMEN Introducción: la insuficiencia cardiaca es considerada la patología del milenio, cuya mortalidad va en aumento y sus efectos se reflejan en la calidad de vida. Objetivo: identificar los cambios en la capacidad funcional, fuerza y calidad de vida luego de un programa de entrenamiento para pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca. Métodos y materiales: ensayo controlado aleatorizado en un periodo de 3 años con una muestra de 920 pacientes con falla cardiaca distribuidos en 3 grupos: solo ejercicio aeróbico (GC), ejercicio aeróbico más entrenamiento para miembros superiores (GE1), ejercicio aeróbico más entrenamiento de miembros inferiores (GE2). Se realizaron mediciones de capacidad aeróbica, frecuencia cardiaca máxima, antropometría, depresión y ansiedad (test HADS), parámetros clínicos y hemodinámicos y la escala Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire y la New York Heart Association. Las pruebas se realizaron antes y después de 24 sesiones de entrenamiento de 60 minutos, 3 veces por semana durante dos meses. Resultados: en la fuerza prensil el GE1 tuvo una gran mejoría en comparación con el GE2 (31±6,4 vs 28±5,0; p= 0,001) y GC (31±6,4 vs 24±9,2; p=0,001)y la calidad de vida mejorósignificativamente en los grupos experimentales en comparación con el grupo control (GC:49,1±8,8 vs GE1:40,5±4,5; p=0,0001) (GC:49,1±8,8 vs GE2:34,5±6,9; p=0,0001) (G1:40,5±4,5 vs GE2:34,5±6,9; p=0,0001). Además, se mejoraron variables como la capacidad funcional, depresión, ansiedad, antropometría y fracción de eyección. Conclusiones: en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca se recomienda el uso de ejercicicos de fuerza muscular, los cuales aumentan la capacidad funcional, calidad de vida y mejoran variables asociadas como, la depresión y ansiedad. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03913780.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Heart failure is considered the millennium pathology, whose mortality is increasing and its effects are reflected in the quality of life. Objective: To identify changes in functional capacity, strength and quality of life after a training program in patients with heart failure. Methods and materials: Randomized controlled trial over a period of 3 years with a sample of 920 patients with heart failure distributed in 3 groups (only aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise plus training for MMSS, aerobic exercise plus MMII training). Aerobic capacity, maximum heart, anthropometry, depression and anxiety (HADS Test), clinical and hemodynamic parameters measurements and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire and the New York Heart Association were performed. The tests were performed before and after 24 60-minute training sessions, 3 times a week for two months. Results: In the prehensile force the GE1 had a great improvement compared to the GE2 (31±6.4 vs 28±5.0; p= 0.001) and GC (31±6.4 vs 24±9.2; p=0.001) and the quality of life improved significantly in the experimental groups compared to the control group (GC:49.1±8.8 vs. GE1:40.5±4.5; p=0.000) (GC:49.1±8.8 vs. GE2:34.5±6.9; p=0.000) (G1:40.5±4.5 vs. GE2:34.5±6.9; p=0.000). In addition, variables such as functional capacity, depression, anxiety, anthropometry and ejection fraction were improved. Conclusions: In patients with heart failure, the use of muscular strength exercises is recommended, which increase functional capacity, quality of life and improve associated variables such as depression and anxiety. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03913780.
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<p>Purpose：To clarify factors related to changes in activities of daily living (ADL) among elderly patients who were discharged to home.</p><p>Methods：The subjects were 88 persons who received in-hospital musculoskeletal rehabilitation and discharged to home. Factors related to changes in functional independence measure (FIM) score were examined.</p><p>Results：The factors related to restoring the FIM score to its values before hospitalization were frequency of physical exercise at 1 week (odds ratio [OR] ＝1.41) and 1 month (OR＝1.27) after hospital discharge, restoring the FIM score at hospital discharge to its value before hospitalization (OR＝3.96), and feeling of self-efficacy (OR＝1.16) at 3 months after hospital discharge. A receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that the factors related to restoring the FIM score to its value before hospitalization were frequency of physical exercise (cutoff value＝1.5) at 1 week after discharge, frequency of physical exercise (cutoff value＝1.0) at 1 month after discharge, and feeling of self-efficacy (cutoff value＝31.5) at 3 months after discharge. In addition, ≥ 2 days of physical exercise per week after hospital discharge was more likely to lead to high FIM score than ＜ 2 days of physical exercise per week.</p><p>Conclusion：Our results implied that regular physical exercise soon after hospital discharge would lead to better prognosis</p>