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Background:The aim of our study was to explore the demographics, surgical outcomes and performance of diagnostic imaging modalities namely Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for predicting abnormal placental invasion spectrum in females with history of past caesarian sections.Materials & Methods:We conducted a prospective study from February 2017 till December 2019 at a tertiary referral public hospital in western India. During this time-period we had 26 females satisfying our study criteria. They were subjected to imaging diagnostics to confirm abnormal placental invasiondisorder in their present pregnancy. The imaging findings were compared with the final findings at the time of delivery and pathological examinations of placental specimens.Results:More than two thirds of our study patients were young and belonged to the age group of twenties (mean age 29.5 +/-4.64). Half of them were 3rdgravidas and 77 % (> 3/4 th) of them were diagnosed in their second trimester of pregnancy. Majority of them had history of single past caesarian delivery and the commonest indication for performing it was placenta praevia. Both Ultrasound and MRI were found to be fairly accurate in diagnosing abnormal placental invasion with good sensitivities. Overall, in our series MRI scored an upperhand as a diagnostic imaging modality in posteriorly implanted placentas and cases with ambiguous USG findings.Conclusion:Both diagnostic imaging modalities USG and MRI can predict abnormal placental invasion spectrum with high sensitivity in the antenatal period. These imaging modalities can have a complimentary role, although MRI was found to be superior over USG in our case series with inconclusive findings.
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Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La ruptura uterina por placenta percreta es una complicación extremadamente rara, su incidencia varía de 0.02-0.08% y cuando se relaciona con invasión placentaria a la vejiga, ocurre en aproximadamente 1 de cada 10,000 nacimientos, con una mortalidad materna y fetal estimada de 9.5 y 24%, respectivamente. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 27 años, con 26 semanas de embarazo, antecedente de una cesárea, que acudió al servicio de Urgencias por dolor abdominal súbito, compatible con abdomen agudo y deterioro hemodinámico. El ultrasonido abdominal reportó líquido libre en la cavidad, por lo que se decidió practicarle una laparotomía exploradora, en donde se encontró ruptura uterina con invasión trofoblástica a la vejiga y 2500 cc de hemoperitoneo. Se practicó cesárea-histerectomía, pinzamiento de arterias uterinas por vía abdominal y ligadura de arterias hipogástricas; debido a la invasión trofoblástica vesical, durante la disección se lesionó la vejiga. La recién nacida pesó 850 g, talla 32 cm, Ballard 27 SDG, Apgar 7/8, pérdida sanguínea total de 3500 cc, con permanencia de 5 días en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (12 días totales de estancia hospitalaria). La paciente evolucionó favorablemente. CONCLUSIONES: Por su rareza y trascendencia es importante conocer este tipo de alteraciones y no pasar por alto la búsqueda intencionada de factores de riesgo y signos clínicos (hemorragia vaginal o hematuria), que hacen que la detección oportuna sea el objetivo para lograr el éxito en el tratamiento.
Abstract BACKGROUND: The Uterine rupture by placenta percreta is an extremely rare complication between the 0.02-0.08% frequency, the concomitant incidence of placental to bladder invasion occurs in approximately 1 in every 10,000 births, and when this occurs maternal and fetal mortality increases by 9.5% and 24% respectively. CLINICAL CASE: A 27 years-old patient, with 26 weeks of gestation (SDG), antecedent of a caesarean, who goes to the emergency department for sudden abdominal pain, compatible with acute abdomen and hemodynamic deterioration, abdominal ultrasound was performed reporting free liquid in cavity, enters the operating room for exploratory laparotomy, finding uterine rupture with presence of trophoblastic invasion to bladder, 2500cc of hemoperitoneum, cesarean section hysterectomy, clamping of uterine arteries via abdominal and ligation of hypogastric arteries, by bladder trophoblastic invasion, during dissection the bladder was injured; a newborn with a weight of 850gr, size 32cm, Ballard 27SDG, APGAR 7/8, total blood loss 3500cc, course 5 days in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and 12 days of hospital stay was obtained, the patient progressed favorably , it is graduated with reference to gynecological urology. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of this type of diagnostic entities is fundamental, given its rarity and transcendence, the intentional search for risk factors, clinical signs such as vaginal bleeding or hematuria, make timely detection the goal to achieve success in the treatment.
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Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in invasively pernicious placenta previa.Methods MRI and color doppler ultrasound were performed in 1 50 patients with pernicious placenta previa.According to the operation or pathology findings, the diagnostic value of placental invasion was compared among MRI,color doppler ultrasound and both of them.Analyzed and com-pared the MRI findings of 64 patients which were confirmed as invasive placenta including adherent placenta in 20 patients,implanted one in 38 and penetrated one in 6.Results Significant difference was not found among MRI,color doppler ultrasound and both in the diagnostic value of invasive placenta (P >0.05).There was a significant difference among adherent placenta,implanted one and pen-etrated one in the diagnostic value of MRI (P <0.05),and the highest and lowest values were penetrated placenta and adherent pla-centa respectively.Conclusion MRI is an important diagnostic method in invasively pernicious placenta previa,which was useful for its classification but with a limitation for the diagnosis of adherent placenta.