RESUMO
Cell suspension cultures of Thevetia peruviana were established under dark for 19 days to investigate kinetic behavior related to biomass, substrate, cardiac glycoside, polyphenols, reactive oxygen species and anti-oxidant activity. The results showed high biomass production (18.80gDW/L) as well as sucrose consumption in 7 days. Preferential glucose over fructose consumption was observed. Intracellular production of cardiac glycosides reached 2.58mg DE/gDW at day 19. Highest extracellular production was reached between day 2 and 7 (6.19mg DE/L). Highest extracellular phenolic content was 80.61 ± 5.16mg GAE/L at day 7. Intracellular phenolic content increased to 2.76 ± 0.14mg GAE/gFW at day 7 and remained constant until day 19. ROS production at day 7 could be related to sucrose and glucose total consumption. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (ρ) showed that the phenolic compounds in cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana were responsible for the observed anti-oxidant activity. All together, these results give the first steps in metabolic behavior in cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana.
Se establecieron cultivos en suspensión de la especie vegetal Thevetia peruviana en oscuridad, durante 19 días, para estudiar el comportamiento cinético de producción de biomasa, consumo de sustrato, producción de glicósidos cardiotónicos, polifenoles, especies reactivas de oxígeno y actividad antioxidante. Los resultados mostraron una alta producción de biomasa (18,80g PS/L), al igual que consumo total de sacarosa, a los 7 días de cultivo. Se observó un consumo preferencial de glucosa sobre fructosa durante todo el cultivo. La producción de glicósidos cardiotónicos intracelulares alcanzó valores de 2,58mg ED/g PS, al día 19. La mayor producción extracelular (6,19mg ED/L), se alcanzó entre los días 2 y 7. El mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos extracelular fue de 80,61 ± 5,16mg GAE/L, en el día 7. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos intracelulares incrementó a 2,76 ± 0,14mg AGE/gPF, al día 7 y se mantuvo constante, hasta el día 19. La producción de EROs, al día 7, puede estar relacionada con el consumo total de sacarosa y glucosa. El coeficiente de correlación producto-momento de Pearson (ρ) indicó que los compuestos fenólicos en cultivos celulares en suspensión de T. peruviana eran los responsables de la actividad antioxidante observada. En conjunto, estos resultados brindan las primeras bases relacionadas al comportamiento metabólico de cultivos celulares en suspensión, de T. peruviana.
RESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the distribution of metabolites and in vitro antioxidant activity in the berry and shoot of Solanum pseudocapsicum (S. pseudocapsicum). Study Design: Berry and shoot samples of S. pseudocapsicum were randomly collected from different plants of the species in the same natural habitat, and were subsequently processed and used for the spectrophometric quantification of their metabolites and in vitro antioxidant activity. Methodology: The samples were oven-dried to a constant weight, and were later milled separately into a fine particle size powder. The milled samples were extracted with methanol, and the extracts were analyzed for their metabolites content and In vitro antioxidant activity using appropriate methods. Results: The berry had significantly (P < 0.05) higher total protein, total lipid and amylose levels than the shoot. Conversely, the shoot had significantly (P < 0.05) higher starch, total soluble sugar, amylopectin, and vitamin C contents than the berry. Secondary metabolites (total phenol, tannin, total flavonoid, total saponin and total alkaloid) were consistently more predominant in the berry than in the shoot, except total carotenoid. Methanol extracts of both the berry and the shoot displayed antioxidant activity in vitro, with the berry having significantly (P < 0.05) higher ABTS radical scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) than the shoot. Both extracts also scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical in a dose-dependent manner; with the IC50 of the shoot (1.88 mg/mL) being lower than that of the berry (2.33 mg/mL). Conclusion: The distribution of metabolites and antioxidant activity in the berry and the shoot of S. pseudocapsicum provide support for their medicinal uses. However, the preponderance of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in the berry than in the shoot might confer it with more potential to ameliorate oxidative stress in disease conditions, than the shoot.