Ligneous conjunctivitis: Fresh-frozen plasma and heparin use intra-and postoperatively, a report of two cases

ABSTRACT Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare chronic form of recurrent membranous inflammation and plasminogen deficiency. Ocular manifestations may be associated with sites other than mucous membranes, such as the oral cavity, internal ear, respiratory, genitals, and kidney. Treatment is extremely difficult because of the lack of topic plasminogen drops, and a high volume is required for systemic supplementation. This report aimed to present two patients with ligneous conjunctivitis treated with membrane excision, topical fresh-frozen plasma, and heparin intra-, and postoperatively. No recurrence was found in the ligneous membrane in the 12-month follow-up. The use of topical fresh-frozen plasma and heparin after membrane excision could be effective to avoid recurrence.

Argon plasma application on the surface of titanium implants: osseointegration study / Aplicação de plasma de argônio na superfície de implantes de titânio: estudo de osseointegração

Introduction: The development of new biomaterials with improved properties is a trend in regenerative medicine. The successful healing of implants is related to their osseointegration and the topographic geometry of their surface. Treatment with argon plasma acts on the surface of the implants, bringing several benefits to their osseointegration in the body. Material and Methods: Previously the in vivo study, the topography implants were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Following the implants were inserted in 14 male rats, and one perforation was made in the right and left tibias for implant placement without the surface treatment (control group), and with the argon plasma surface treatment (experimental group), respectively. The rats were euthanized at 4 weeks, a time in which tibia fragments were submitted for histological and histomorphometric examination, and torque removal test for comparison and analysis of osseointegration. Results: The SEM images showed the argon plasma surface treatment altered the topography. At the end of the study, both greater bone formation and better osseointegration were verified in the experimental group, and a statistically significant difference between the groups was observed. Conclusion: It was concluded that implants with this surface treatment can bring more practicality in the rehabilitation treatment, and more comfort in the patients' postoperative time (AU)

Introdução: O desenvolvimento de novos biomateriais com propriedades aprimoradas é uma tendência na medicina regenerativa. A cicatrização bem-sucedida dos implantes está relacionada à sua osseointegração e à geometria topográfica de sua superfície. O tratamento com plasma de argônio atua na superfície dos implantes, trazendo diversos benefícios para sua osseointegração no corpo. Materiais e Métodos: Antes do estudo in vivo, a topografia dos implantes foi observada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Em seguida, os implantes foram inseridos em 14 ratos machos, e uma perfuração foi feita nas tíbias direita e esquerda para a colocação do implante sem o tratamento de superfície (grupo controle) e com o tratamento de superfície de plasma de argônio (grupo experimental), respectivamente. Os ratos foram sacrificados após 4 semanas, momento em que fragmentos das tíbias foram submetidos a exame histológico e histomorfométrico, além do teste de remoção de torque para comparação e análise da osseointegração. Resultados: As imagens de MEV mostraram que o tratamento de superfície com plasma de argônio alterou a topografia. Ao final do estudo, foi verificada maior formação óssea e melhor osseointegração no grupo experimental, e foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que os implantes com esse tratamento de superfície podem trazer mais praticidade no tratamento de reabilitação e maior conforto no pós-operatório dos pacientes (AU)

Avaliação do tratamento de alterações estéticas faciais com uso de um protocolo operacional desenvolvido para a aplicação de plasma rico em plaquetas / Evaluation of the treatment of changes aesthetic facial with the use of an operational protocol developed for the application of platelet rich plasm

Introdução: o plasma rico em plaquetas é definido como um concentrado de plaquetas autólogas, obtido por centrifugação de sangue total. Trata-se de uma técnica inovadora, simples e de baixo custo, que apresenta muitos benefícios, podendo ser aplicada em diferentes áreas da saúde. Objetivo: a presente pesquisa buscou desenvolver um protocolo operacional padrão para obtenção e aplicação do plasma sanguíneo rico em plaquetas para o tratamento de alterações estéticas faciais. Metodologia: o estudo tratou de uma pesquisa de campo experimental, de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo. Um processo seletivo foi realizado para recrutar pacientes voluntários para o estudo, que foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Através de testes foi possível chegar ao tempo de centrifugação e velocidade ideais para a produção do plasma rico em plaquetas e testá-lo no tratamento de alterações estéticas faciais. Resultados e discussão: as principais mudanças que foram notadas pelos pacientes durante e após o tratamento foram a redução das cicatrizes de acne e aumento da hidratação e viscosidade da pele. A melhora das alterações estéticas tratadas foi notada por 100% dos pacientes, não havendo piora em nenhum paciente. Conclusão: com base nos testes e resultados obtidos, foi possível padronizar um protocolo operacional padrão ideal para a obtenção e aplicação do plasma rico em plaquetas, comprovando sua eficácia no tratamento de alterações estéticas faciais como rugas, flacidez, linhas de expressões acentuadas, acne, cicatrizes de acne, além de ter-se observado uma melhora significativa na hidratação da pele e redução de poros dilatados.

Introduction: platelet-rich plasma is defined as a concentrate of autologous platelets, obtained by centrifuging whole blood. It is an innovative, simple and low-cost technique that has many benefits, and can be applied in different areas of health. Objective: the present research sought to develop a standard operating protocol for obtaining and applying platelet-rich blood plasma for the treatment of facial aesthetic changes. Metodology: the study was a qualitative and quantitative field research. A selection process was carried out to recruit volunteer patients for the study, who were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Through tests it was possible to reach the ideal centrifugation time and speed for the production of platelet-rich plasma and to test it in the treatment of facial aesthetic changes. Results and discussion: the main changes that were noted by patients during and after treatment were the reduction of acne scars and increased hydration and skin viscosity. The improvement of the aesthetic changes treated was noticed by 100% of the patients, with no worsening in any patient. Conclusion: based on the tests and results obtained, it was possible to standardize an ideal standard operating protocol for obtaining and applying platelet-rich plasma, proving its effectiveness in the treatment of facial aesthetic changes such as wrinkles, sagging, accentuated expression lines, acne, scars from acne, in addition to a significant improvement in skin hydration and reduction of enlarged pores.

Terapia regenerativa con plasma rico en plaquetas en adultos afectados por lesiones endoperiodontales / Regenerative therapy with platelets rich-plasm in adults affected by endoperiodontal lesions

Introducción: El uso de plasma rico en plaquetas para la regeneración de defectos óseos periodontales constituye una terapéutica eficaz. Objetivo: Identificar la evolución de pacientes con lesiones endoperiodontales tratados con plasma rico en plaquetas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal de 11 adultos con enfermedad endoperiodontal y tratamiento endodóntico finalizado, atendidos en la consulta de Periodoncia y Medicina Regenerativa del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero del 2018 hasta diciembre del 2019, quienes requerían intervención quirúrgica periodontal y cumplían los criterios para recibir plasma rico en plaquetas. A tal efecto, se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, radiográficas y de respuesta terapéutica, las que fueron expresadas estadísticamente por medio de frecuencias absolutas y relativas y de la media aritmética. Resultados: En la serie resultaron más frecuentes, antes de la terapia, el sangrado al sondaje (81,8 %), las características alteradas de las encías (72,7 %), la movilidad dentaria (72,7 %) y las bolsas periodontales de 7 a 9 milímetros, con pérdida ósea en el tercio apical (63,6 %); todo lo cual se revirtió a menores porcentajes luego de 6 meses de tratamiento. Conclusiones: La evolución de los pacientes afectados por lesiones periodontales fue satisfactoria con el empleo del plasma rico en plaquetas, lo que se evidenció clínica y radiográficamente.

Introduction: The use of platelets rich-plasm for the regeneration of periodontal bony defects constitutes an effective therapy. Objective: To identify the clinical course of patients with endoperiodontal lesions treated with platelets rich-plasm. Methods: An observational, descriptive and longitudinal study of 11 adults with endoperiodontal disease and concluded endodontics treatment was carried out. They were assisted in the Periodontics and Regenerative Medicine Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from February, 2018 to December, 2019; who required periodontal surgical intervention and fulfilled the approaches to receive platelets rich-plasm. To such an effect, sociodemographic, clinical, radiographic and of therapeutic response variables were analyzed, which were statistically expressed by means of absolute and relative frequencies and of mean arithmetic. Results: In the series, bleeding on probing (81.8 %), altered characteristics of the gums (72.7 %), dental mobility (72.7 %) and 7 to 9 millimeters periodontal bags, with bony loss in the third apical (63.6 %) were more frequent before therapy; all of which was reverted to lower percentages after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions: The clinical course of the patients affected by periodontal lesions was satisfactory with the use of platelets rich-plasm, which was clinical and radiographically evidenced.

Assessment of plasma blood sugar level in first degree relatives of known type 2 diabetes patients: a descriptive study from Maharashtra, India

Background: There is steady increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus from 0.73% to current 2.4% in rural and 4.0% to 11.6% in urban areas. Familial clustering of diabetes may support a genetic predisposition to diabetes. With increase in the prevalence of diabetes there is increase in number of first degree relative as well, thus an increased risk of developing diabetes, will also increase. To study the plasma glucose levels in First-degree relatives of family member of type 2 diabetic patients was the objective of the present study.Methods: It is a descriptive observational study with 1020 individuals serially coming to our outpatient Department for Pre-employment Medical Health Check Up Annual Health Check Up were selected. These individuals have been enrolled for the study and their family history of diabetes was noted, their sugar levels and their lipid levels were estimated and their body mass index was calculated. The data thus collected and analyzed with excel.Results: 184 (18%) individuals were FDRs, were as 836 (82%) individuals were Non-FDRs. There were 754 (74%) males [131(17%) FDR and 623(83%) Non-FDR], were as 213 (26%) females [53(20%) FDR and 213(80%) Non-FDR], 61(6%) individuals were having Diabetic Mother, 91(9%) individuals had Diabetic Father and 32(3%) were those in whom both the Parents were Diabetic. It was found that maternal history has strong association for getting abnormal BSL levels as compared to a diabetic father as the RR of 9.82 (95% 4.84 to 19.95) in individuals with mother being diabetic, and RR of 1.54(95% 0.68 to 3.87) of father being diabetic.Conclusions: Family history of diabetes, maternal history of diabetes and history of both the parents having diabetes are risk factors for diabetes in FDRs

Bone, periodontal and dental pulp regeneration in dentistry: a systematic scoping review

Abstract The aim of presented systematic scoping review was to investigate the actual and future clinical possibilities of regenerative therapies and their ability to regenerate bone, periodontal and pulp with histological confirmation of the nature of formed tissue. Electronic search was conducted using a combination between Keywords and MeSH terms in PubMed, Scopus, ISI-Web of Science and Cochrane library databases up to January 2016. Two reviewers conducted independently the papers judgment. Screened studies were read following the predetermined inclusion criteria. The included studies were evaluated in accordance with Arksey and O'Malley's modified framework. From 1349 papers, 168 completed inclusion criteria. Several characterized and uncharacterized cells used in Cell Therapy have provided bone regeneration, demonstrating bone gain in quantity and quality, even as accelerators for bone and periodontal regeneration. Synthetic and natural scaffolds presented good cell maintenance, however polyglycolid-polylactid presented faster resorption and consequently poor bone gain. The Growth Factor-Mediated Therapy was able to regenerate bone and all features of a periodontal tissue in bone defects. Teeth submitted to Revascularization presented an increase of length and width of root canal. However, formed tissues not seem able to deposit dentin, characterizing a repaired tissue. Both PRP and PRF presented benefits when applied in regenerative therapies as natural scaffolds. Therefore, most studies that applied regenerative therapies have provided promising results being possible to regenerate bone and periodontal tissue with histological confirmation. However, pulp regeneration was not reported. These results should be interpreted with caution due to the short follow-up periods.

Resumo O objetivo da presente Scoping review foi investigar as possibilidades clínicas atuais e futuras das terapias regenerativas e sua capacidade de regenerar tecido ósseo, periodontal e polpar em humanos com confirmação histológica da natureza do tecido formado. Uma busca eletrônica foi realizada utilizando uma combinação entre as palavras-chave e termos MeSH nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, ISI-web of Science e Cochrane library até janeiro de 2016. Dois revisores realizaram de forma independente o julgamento dos documentos. Os estudos selecionados foram lidos seguindo os critérios de inclusão predeterminados. Os estudos incluídos foram avaliados de acordo com a estrutura modificada de Arksey e O'Malley. Dos 1349 artigos, 168 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Várias células caracterizadas e não caracterizadas promoveram regeneração óssea utilizada em terapias celulares, demonstrando ganho ósseo em quantidade e qualidade, de forma rápida para regeneração óssea e periodontal. Os scaffolds sintéticos e naturais apresentaram boa manutenção celular, no entanto o poliglicol-polilácido apresentou uma reabsorção rápida e, consequentemente, pequeno ganho ósseo. A terapia mediada por fatores de crescimento foi capaz de regenerar tecido ósseo e todas as características de um tecido periodontal. Dentes submetidos à revascularização apresentaram aumento do comprimento e largura do canal radicular. No entanto, os tecidos formados não foram capazes de depositar dentina, caracterizando um tecido reparado. Tanto o PRP quanto o PRF parecem apresentar benefícios quando aplicados em terapias regenerativas sendo um bom scaffold natural. Portanto, a maioria dos estudos que aplicaram terapias regenerativas forneceram resultados promissores sendo possível regenerar tecido ósseo e periodontal com confirmação histológica. No entanto, não foi observada regeneração de polpa dental. Estes resultados devem ser interpretados com cautela.

O plasma rico em fatores de crescimento no tratamento de pacientes com úlceras venosas / Plasma rich in growth factors in the treatment of patients with venous ulcers

Objetivo geral: Analisar as propriedades do plasma rico em fatores de crescimento (PRGF) autólogo, para tratar pacientes com úlceras venosas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quase- experimental realizado em um Hospital Universitário, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu no período de maio de 2016 a dezembro de 2017. Amostra composta por 18 pacientes com úlcera venosa, que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os participantes compareceram por 12 semanas consecutivas, ao ambulatório para consulta de enfermagem e troca do curativo, com aplicação do PRGF a cada 15 dias. O preparo do PRGF utilizou a técnica de uma centrifugação e o gluconato de cálcio como ativador plaquetário. Realização da contagem de plaquetas e identificação dos fatores de crescimento no PRGF usado no tratamento. Resultados: Amostra homogênea quanto às variáveis socioeconômicas e clínicas, com predomínio de idosos, sexo masculino, ensino fundamental incompleto e renda entre um e dois salários mínimos. Obtenção de um PRGF com contagem baixa de plaquetas, mediana de 122 x 103 mm3 plaquetas, mas com principais fatores de crescimento plaquetários envolvidos na cicatrização (PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB, TGF-ß, VEGF, EGF e FGF2). Houve alta variabilidade na contagem de plaquetas e na concentração de fatores de crescimento, com correlação forte e significativa entre a quantidade de plaquetas e os fatores de crescimento PDGF-AB e PDGF-BB. As médias de cada fator de crescimento foram 1,52 ng/ml para o PDGF-AB, 1,38 ng/ml para o PDGF-BB, 1,40 ng/ml para o TGF-ß, 0,99 ng/ml para VEGF, 1,57 ng/ml para o EGF e 1.04 ng/ml para o FGF2. O tamanho inicial médio das úlceras neste estudo foi de 29,6 ± 23,9 /cm2 e o percentual médio de redução da área após 12 semanas de tratamento foi de 46,2%. O tamanho das úlceras após tratamento era significativamente menor do que o tamanho inicial das úlceras (p-valor do teste de Wilcoxon igual a 0,001). Entretanto, a redução da área das úlceras, no período das 12 semanas, não apresentou correlação com as concentrações dos fatores de crescimento no PRGF. A percentagem de tecido de epitalização apresentou crescimento em todo período do estudo com aumento significativo ao final de 12 tratamento (média = 58,1%) e o tecido desvitalizado apresentou decrescimento durante todo o período do estudo com redução significativa ao final de 12 semanas (média = 11%). Ao final de 12 semanas observou-se uma melhora significativa do tipo de exsudato nas úlceras e uma diminuição significativa da quantidade de exsudato nas úlceras. Conclusão: Neste estudo, foi confirmada a hipótese nula em que a concentração dos fatores de crescimento presentes no PRGF não apresentou relação estatisticamente significativa com a redução da área das úlceras venosas.

Objective: To analyze the properties of autologous plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), to treat patients with venous ulcers. Method: It is a quasi-experimental clinical study performed in a University Hospital, the data collection occurred from May 2016 to December 2017. Sample of 18 patients with venous ulcer, who met the inclusion criteria. The participants attended weekly for 12 weeks to the outpatient clinic for nursing consultation and dressing change, with application of the plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) for each 15 days. The PRGF preparation used the single- centrifugation technique and calcium gluconate as a platelet activator. Realization of platelet count and identification of growth factors in PRGF used in treatment. Platelet counting and identification of growth factors in the PRGF used in the treatment. Results: Homogeneous sample regarding socioeconomic and clinical variables, with predominance of the elderly, male gender, incomplete primary education and income between 1 and 2 minimum wages. A PRGF with a low platelet count, median of 122 x 103 mm3 platelets, but with the main platelet growth factors involved in the healing (PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB, TGF-ß, VEGF, EGF and FGF2). There was a high variability in platelet counts and in the concentration of growth factors, with a strong and significant correlation between the amount of platelets and the growth factors PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB. The means of each growth factor were 1.52 ng / ml for PDGF-AB, 1.38 ng / ml for PDGF-BB, 1.40 ng / ml for TGF-ß, 0.99 ng / ml for VEGF, 1.57 ng / ml for EGF and 1.04 ng / ml for FGF2. The initial mean size of the ulcers in this study was 29.6 ± 23.9 / cm2 and the percentage mean reduction in area after 12 weeks of treatment was 46.2%. The ulcer size after treatment was significantly smaller than the initial ulcer size (Wilcoxon p-value = 0.001). However, the area of ulcer reduction over the 12-week period did not correlate with growth factor concentrations in PRGF. The percentage of epitalization tissue increased throughout the study period with a significant increase at the end of 12 treatments (mean = 58.1%) and devitalized tissue decreased throughout the study period with a significant reduction at the end of 12 weeks (mean = 11%). At the end of 12 weeks there was a significant improvement in the type of exudate in the ulcers and a significant decrease in the amount of exudate in the ulcers. Conclusion: In this study, the null hypothesis was confirmed that the concentration of growth factors present in PRGF did not present statistically significant relationship with the reduction of venous ulcers area.

Objetivo general: Analizar las propiedades del plasma rico en factor de crecimiento autólogo (PRGF) para tratar pacientes con úlcera venosa. Método: Estudio cuasi experimental realizado en un hospital universitario. Datos recolectados entre mayo de 2016 y diciembre de 2017. Muestra compuesta por 18 pacientes con úlcera venosa que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los participantes asistieron semanalmente, durante 12 semanas, a la clínica ambulatoria para consulta de enfermería y cambio de apósito, con aplicación de plasma rico en factor de crecimiento (PRGF) en frecuencia bisemanal. La preparación de PRGF utilizó la técnica de centrifugación; se empleó gluconato de calcio como activador plaquetario. Se efectuó recuento de plaquetas e identificación de los factores de crecimiento en el PRGF utilizado en el tratamiento. Resultados: Muestra homogénea en sus variables socioeconómicas y clínicas, con predominio de ancianos, varones, estudios primarios incompletos, con ingresos de entre 1 y 2 salarios mínimos. Se obtuvo un PRGF con bajo recuento de plaquetas, con mediana de 122 x 103 mm3 de plaquetas, aunque con importantes factores de crecimiento plaquetario involucrados en la curación (PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB, TGF-ß, VEGF, EGF y FGF2). Existió marcada variabilidad en el recuento plaquetario y en la concentración del factor de crecimiento, con marcada y significativa correlación entre la cantidad de plaquetas y factores de crecimiento PDGF-AB y PDGF-BB. Los promedios de cada factor de crecimiento fueron 1.52 ng / ml para PDGF-AB, 1.38 ng / ml para PDGF-BB, 1.40 ng / ml para TGF-ß, 0.99 ng / ml para VEGF, 1,57 ng / ml para EGF y 1,04 ng / ml para FGF2. El tamaño inicial promedio de las úlceras observadas en este estudio fue de 29,6 ± 23,9 / cm2, y la reducción porcentual media en el área luego de 12 semanas de tratamiento fue del 46,2%. El tamaño de las úlceras luego del tratamiento resultó ser significativamente inferior a su tamaño inicial (p-valor del test de Wilcoxon igual a 0,001). Sin embargo, la reducción del área de las úlceras, durante el período de 12 semanas, no se correlacionó con las concentraciones de los factores de crecimiento en el PRGF. El porcentaje de tejido epitelial aumentó durante todo el período del estudio, con un aumento significativo final en 12 tratamientos (media = 58,1%). El tejido desvitalizado disminuyó a lo largo del estudio, con reducción significativa luego de 12 semanas (promedio = 11%). Finalizadas las 12 semanas, hubo mejora significativa en el tipo de exudado de las úlceras y disminución significativa de la cantidad de exudado de las úlceras. Conclusión: En este estudio, se confirmó la hipótesis nula en que la concentración de los factores de crecimiento presentes en el PRGF no presentaba una relación estadísticamente significativa con la reducción del área de las úlceras venosas.

Análise microbiológica e capacidade de formação de biofilme bacteriano em cepas de Pseudomonas Aeruginosa e Staphylococcus Aureus encontrados em úlceras venosas tratadas com plasma rico em plaquetas / Microbiological analysis and bacterial biofilm formation capacity in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Staphylococcus Aureus strains found in venous ulcers treated with platelet-rich plasma

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar sinais de infecção nas úlceras venosas tratadas com Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP), identificando a presença de Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa e sua capacidade de formação de biofilme. Método: Trata-se de coorte prospectiva tendo como campo de pesquisa o Ambulatório de Reparo de Feridas do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (HUAP/UFF). Os pacientes foram alocados no grupo em uso do PRP associada a gaze com perolatum e no grupo controle em uso somente da gaze petrolatum pelo estudo de intervenção concomitante a este projeto. Estabeleceu-se a amostra de 36 participantes por grupo. A técnica de coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do exame clínico com dados de identificação do paciente, dados clínicos, descritivos da lesão e coleta do espécime clínico através do swab. A identificação microbiológica foi realizada por meio do MALDI-TOF e o perfil de suscetibilidade foi determinado pelo teste de disco-difusão seguindo os padrões do CLSI. Para a identificação de genes de virulência foi realizado a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase. A capacidade de formação de biofilme foi analisada na superfície de placas de poliestireno. A Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) foi realizada para avaliar a carga quantitativa microbiana das feridas. Resultados: Dos 36 pacientes do estudo, 18 foram alocados no grupo intervenção e 18 no grupo controle, deste total, no ínicio do tratamento, 19 pacientes apresentaram infecção na ferida. Foi identificada melhora da infecção na ferida ao final das 12 semanas tratamento no grupo intervenção (p=0,0078) e no grupo controle (p=0,01). Todavia, não foi identificada diferença significativa entre os grupos quando se compara a melhora de infecção intergrupos (PRP ou gaze petrolatum). De um total de 100 amostras oriundas dos swabs, foram encontradas 39 (39%) P. aeruginosa, sendo 22 (22%) do grupo intervenção e 17 (17%) do grupo controle e apenas 10 (10%) S. aureus foram detectados, sendo seis do grupo intervenção e quatro do grupo controle. Nos dois grupos da pesquisa, nas amostras que foram identificadas como P. aeruginosa, o gene exoU foi predominante. Quanto a capacidade de formação de biofilme em placa de microtitulação, todos os S. aureus identificados foram formadores, classificados como fracamente produtores. Com relação as cepas de P. aeruginosa todas foram formadoras, sendo 17 classificadas como fracamente produtoras de biofilme, 14 moderadamente produtoras e 8 fortemente produtoras de biofilme. Conclusão: Houve melhora de infecção na ferida nos grupos tratados com PRP e Gaze petrolatum; não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os microrganismos (P. aeruginosa e S. aureus) nos dois grupos do estudo acerca de maior resistência a antimicrobianos; os pacientes que possuíam os microrganismos que apresentaram capacidade forte para a formação de biofilme, em sua maioria, não possuíam infecção na ferida tanto no grupo tratado com PRP quanto com gaze petrolatum; não houve relação entre apresentar infecção e possuir maior carga microbiana na ferida em ambos os grupos.

This study aims to analyze the signs of infection in venous ulcers treated with Plaque Rich Plasma (PRP), identifying the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its biofilm formation capacity. Method: It is a prospective cohort having as research field the Wound Repair Ambulatory of Antônio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP / UFF). Patients were allocated to the group using PRP associated with gauze with perolatum and in the control group using only gaze petrolatum by the intervention study concomitant to this project. The sample of 36 participants was established by group. The data collection technique was performed through clinical examination with patient identification data, clinical data, descriptive of the lesion and collection of the clinical specimen through the swab. The microbiological identification was performed using MALDI-TOF and the susceptibility profile was determined by the disc-diffusion test following the CLSI standards. For the identification of virulence genes the Polymerase Chain Reaction was carried out. The capacity of biofilm formation was analyzed on the surface of polystyrene plates. The real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was performed to evaluate the microbial quantitative load of the wounds. Results: Of the 36 patients in the study, 18 were allocated in the intervention group and 18 in the control group. Of this total, at the beginning of the treatment, 19 patients presented infection in the wound. Improvement in wound infection at the end of the 12 weeks treatment was identified in the intervention group (p = 0.0078) and in the control group (p = 0.01). However, no significant difference was identified between the groups when comparing improvement of intergroup infection (PRP or gauze petrolatum). From a total of 100 samples from the swabs, 39 (39%) P. aeruginosa were found, 22 (22%) from the intervention group and 17 (17%) from the control group and only 10 (10%) S. aureus were detected, six of the intervention group and four of the control group. In the two groups of the research, in the samples that were identified as P. aeruginosa, the exoU gene was predominant. As for the capacity of biofilm formation in microtiter plate, all identified S. aureus were formers, classified as poorly producing. Regarding the P. aeruginosa strains, all were formative, with 17 being classified as poorly biofilm producers, 14 moderately producing and 8 strongly biofilm producers. Conclusion: There was improvement of wound infection in the groups treated with PRP and Gaze petrolatum; there was no statistically significant difference between the microorganisms (P. aeruginosa and S. aureus) in the two groups of the study on greater antimicrobial resistance; patients who had microorganisms that had a strong capacity for biofilm formation did not have infection in the wound either in the PRP or gaze petrolatum group; there was no relation between presenting infection and having greater microbial load on the wound in both groups.

Padronização da quantificação do fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina I (IGF-I) em plasma bovino por ELISA / Standardization of ELISA for the measurement of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) in bovine plasm

Esse estudo teve como objetivo a padronização de um ensaio imunoenzimático competitivo (cELISA) in house para a determinação das concentrações plasmáticas do fator de crescimento semelhante a insulina I (IGF-I) total para a espécie bovina, utilizando o sistema de amplificação biotina-estreptavidina peroxidase. O IGF-I foi extraído das proteínas ligadoras do fator de crescimento semelhante a insulina I (IGFBP), utilizando o tampão glicina acidificado seguido de neutralização do pH com hidróxido de sódio. As microplacas foram sensibilizadas com anti IgG de coelho, e as dosagens realizadas utilizando duas abordagens, um método com incubação prévia das amostras com o anticorpo anti-h-IGF-I e outro sem incubação prévia (adição simultânea de IGF-I biotilinado e amostra). Os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizando o método sem incubação prévia, com a sensibilização da placa com 0,25µg/poço de anti-IgG de coelho, o anticorpo específico na diluição 1:250.000 e 0,06ng/poço de IGF-I biotinilado. O ensaio in house apresentou um limite inferior de detecção de 50ng/mL, uma correlação de 0,945 entre doses quando comparado a uma metodologia comercial. Os coeficientes de variação inter-ensaio de 12,94% (345,8ng/mL) para os controles alto e 20,71% (131,6ng/mL) para o baixo. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a metodologia imunoenzimática para quantificação de IGF-I total utilizando o sistema de amplificação biotina-estreptavidina peroxidase em um ensaio competitivo está estabelecida e apresenta-se como uma ferramenta útil para estudos que visem o monitoramento das concentrações de IGF-I.(AU)

This study aimed to standardize an in house competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) to determine plasma concentrations of total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) for the bovine specie using the amplification biotin-streptavidin peroxidase system. The IGF-I was extracted from insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) using the acidified glycine buffer followed by the pH neutralization with sodium hydroxide. The microplates were coated with anti-rabbit IgG, thereafter the measurements were carried out using two approaches, one with a prior incubation of samples with the anti-h-IGF-I antibody and another without previous incubation (simultaneous addition of IGF-I and biotinylated sample). The best results were obtained using the method without the prior incubation, using the following combination of reagents: microplates were coated with 0.25µg/well of anti-rabbit IgG, the specific antibody at a dilution of 1:250,000 and 0.06ng/well of biotinylated IGF-I. The in house methodology showed sensitivity of 50ng/ml, a correlation between doses of 0.945 when compared to a commercial method. In addition, after 33 assays (quantification of 1114 samples) the proposed methodology presented a good precision, with inter-assay variation coefficients of 12.94% and 20.71% for the high and low controls, respectively. Finally, we concluded that ELISA method for the quantification of total IGF-I using the system biotin-streptavidin-peroxidase amplification in a competitive assay is established and is presented as a useful tool for studies aimed at monitoring the IGF-I concentrations.(AU)

Determination of dexmedetomidine in human plasma by solid phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To develop the analytical method of dexmedetomidine in human plasma by solid phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPE-GC/ MS). Methods The human plasma were extracted with a solid phase extraction(SPE) and determined by GC/MS. Results The lowest detectable limit was 0.05μg/mL, the standard curve was linear over the range of 0.2μg/mL~5μg/mL. The absolute recovery was 86.1%~91.5%. The intra-and interday precision was within 7.86% at three concentrations. Conclusion Since the procedure proved to be simple, quick and sensitive, it could be used for the determination of dexmedetomidine in human plasma.

Biomonitoring of 33 Elements in Blood and Urine Samples from Coastal Popula-tions in Sanmen County of Zhejiang Province / 法医学杂志

Objective To determ ine the norm al reference values of 33 elem ents, Ag, Al, As, Au, B , B a, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, G a, H g, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, N i, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U , V , Zn and Zr, in the blood and urine sam ples from the general population in Sanm en County of Zhejiang province, a typical coastal area of eastern China. Methods The 33 elem ents in 272 blood and 300 urine sam ples w ere determ ined by inductively coupled plasm a-m ass spectrom etry (ICP-MS ). The norm ality test of data w as conducted using SPSS 17.0 Statistics.The data w as com pared w ith other reports. Results The norm al reference values of the 33 elem ents in the blood and urine sam ples from the general population in Sanm en County w ere obtained, w hich of som e elem ents w ere found to be sim ilar w ith other reports, such as Co, Cu, Mn and Sr, w hile As, Cd, H g and Pb w ere generally found to be higher than those previously reported. There w as a w ide variation betw een the reports from different countries in blood B a. Conclusion The norm al reference values of the 33 elem ents in the blood and urine sam ples from the general population in Sanm en County are established, and successfully applied to tw o poisoning cases.

Development of luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay for pregnancy associated plasm a protein A / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To develop a luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay for pregnancy associated plasm a protein A.Methods:The monoclonal antibody of PAPP-A was labeled with biotin ,the polyclonal antibody of PAPP-A was coated on receptor particles.The LOCI reagents also contained sensitizer particles coated with streptavidin.The optimal test conditions and analytical per-formance of the method were studied.Results:The within-run and the between-run coefficients of variation were 5.91%-7.94% and 6.14%-9.69%,respectively;the analytical sensitivity was 2.8 mU/L and the function sensitivity was 4.6 mU/L,good linear in 2.8 mU/L-8 000 mU/L range;the recovery rate was 96.7%-100.3%.The interference rate of hemolysis , icterus and triglycerides were less than 10%; there is no Hook effect of PAPP-A concentrations up to 8 000 mU/L;the correlation coefficient between clinical samples detection results and Time resolved fluoroimmunoassay analysis results was 0.974.Conclusion:This LOCI can be used for the quantitative of serum PAPP-A,and detection performance in line with the requirements of clinical diagnostic reagents .

Evaluation of the Combined Use of Ultrasound Elastography and Color Doppler in the Diagnosis and TNM Classification of Breast Cancer / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effect of the combined use of ultrasound (US) elastography and color Dop-pler on the differential diagnosis and TNM staging of benign or malignant breast neoplasm. Methods A cohort of 58 biop-sy-proved cases, who underwent US elastographic and Doppler US imaging, were included in the current study. The pathological results after operation were considered the‘gold standard’of diagnosis. ROC curves were used to compare the changing rates of the diameter and area, elastographic indices and Doppler blood flow score in diagnosis of breast cancer. Re-sults Compared with other indices, the area changing rate showed the highest diagnostic ability with the AUC=0.914. More-over, the combined use of the elastography and color Doppler US increased the AUC to 0.981. The elastographic indices for neoplasm in the advanced-stage (stageⅡ~Ⅳ) were high than those of early-stage (stage 0~Ⅰ). The elastographic and Dop-pler scores increased with the progress of the TNM stages. Conclusion The changing rate of elastographic area can be used to accurately diagnose the breast neoplasm. Moreover, the combined use of US elastography and color Doppler US can in-crease the accuracy of the diagnosis, and may also provide useful information for the TNM staging.

Changes in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation by antibiotic therapy in the maternal venous plasma of preterm premature rupture of membranes / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the amount of the lipid peroxidation and the protein carbonyls formation in maternal venous plasma of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) during antibiotics administration. METHODS: PPROM were selected between 25 and 32 weeks of gestation. Eighteen patients (group 1) were treated with amoxicillin and erythromycin for 7 day period, 18 patients (group 2) were treated with 3rd generation cephalosporin (cefodizime, cefditoren) and erythromycin for the same period. Maternal blood were obtained from the two groups before and after the antibiotics administration, day 3 and day 7. Lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyl contents were measured by thiobarbituric acid reaction and 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine method. Other 18 women with normal pregnancy between 25 and 32 weeks of gestation of venous blood were checked same things in vitro. Interleukin (IL) -6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: 1. The lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyls formation in the maternal venous plasma of PPROM was significantly higher than that of normal pregnancy (lipid peroxidation levels; 4.77+/-.36 vs 7.11+/-.41 nmol/mg protein, P<001, protein carbonyls formation; 3.55+/-.22 vs 5.69+/-.30 nmol/mg protein, P<001). 2. There were no significant differences in the lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyls formation of the maternal venous plasma with PPROM mixed and incubated by amoxicillin, cefodizime, cefditoren, and erythromycin (in vitro). 3. There were no significant differences in the lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyls formation of the venous plasma of group 1 between before and after antibiotics administration, day 3 and day 7. 4. There were no significant differences in the lipid peroxide levels of the venous plasma of group 2 between before and after antibiotics administration, day 3 and day 7. 5. The protein carbonyls formation in the venous plasma of group 2 was significantly decreased at day 3 and day 7 after antibiotics administration than that of before (6.04+/-.44 and 5.53+/-.37 vs. 7.04+/-.51 nmol/mg protein, P<005). 6. The levels of IL-6 in the venous plasma of group 2 was significantly decreased at day 7 after antibiotics administration than that of before (7.50+/-.35 vs. 3.13+/-.37 pg/mL, P<005). CONCLUSION: In the maternal venous plasma of PPROM, the lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyls formation were increased. The formation of protein carbonyls and IL-6 in the maternal blood of PPROM was decreased by combined treatment of 3rd generation cephalosporin and erythromycin. The results suggest that reactive oxygen species formation by inflammatory reaction is suppressed by the 3rd generation cephalosporins and erythromycin combined treatment.

Dynamic Changes of Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Function in Children with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic changes of coagulation and fibrinolytic function in children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) and its clinical significance.Methods Seventy-two SIRS children were divided into mild group,severe group and dead group.Twenty healthy children were selected as control group in the same period.The intravenous blood samples were taken on 1,3 and 5 days after admission to measure PLT,plasma levels of antithrombase-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ),D-dimer(DD),tissue plasm inogen activator(t-PA)and plasm inogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1).Results On the first day,PLT were lower in severe and dead groups(Pa

Establishment of lymphatic metastasis model for human gastric cancer in nude mice / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the method of establishing lymph node metastasis model for gastric cancer in nude mice.Methods Human poorly differentiated gastric cancer SGC-7901 ceils were cul- tured,inherited,amplified and collected in vitro,and were inoculated in nude mice subcu.taneously.After pas- saging six generations,the subcutaneous tumor was orthotopically implanted in nude mice.The mice were then sacrificed on the 9th week after implantation.Serum CEA density was detected using radio-immunity method. Orthotopically implanted tumors,remote organ metastases as well as lymph node metastasis were observed macrescopically and histologically.Results The successful rate of orthotopically transplantion of gastric can- cer was 100 %.The rate of perigastric lymph node metastases was 93.3 %.Local infiltration and remote metastasis were observed.The level of serum CEA in nude mice bearing tumor was significantly higher than that of normal nude mice(P

Electrocoagulación con plasma de argón en gastroenterología / Argon plasma electrocoagulation in gastroenterology

El presente trabajo, es una revisión retrospectiva del uso y aplicación de la coagulación con argón plasma (APC) en Gastroenterología, como terapia endoscópica realizado en el Instituto de Gastroenterología Boliviano Japonés (I.G.B.J.) de Cochabamba, en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2001 a diciembre de 2004. La coagulación con argón plasma (APC), es un nuevo método de electrocoagulación, de múltiples usos y aplicaciones. Como resultado, permite la aplicación del contacto de energía eléctrica para lograr la destrucción del tejido o realizar una hemostasia. El APC usa una frecuencia alta de corriente eléctrica entregada por el ion de gas del argón. Este gas, mientras ioniza, permite la conducción de electricidad. Nuestro objetivo es analizar la utilidad, efectividad y frecuencia del tratamiento con APC. Se revisaron un total de 76 historias clínicas de pacientes sometidos a endoscopía más aplicación de argón plasma, observamos 96% de éxito terapéutico general, y 95,5% como tratamiento terapéutico hemostático sólo o combinado. Es una alternativa terapéutica útil en los pacientes con esófago de Barret y la utilidad en la proctitis actínica está en aumento con resultados satisfactorios en caso de hemorragia digestiva baja.

The present work, is a retrospective review about use and application of the argón plasm coagulation (APC) in Gastroenterology, as endoscopic thcrapy; made in the Japanese Institute of Bolivian Gastroenterology (I.G.B.J.) of Cochabamba, in the period between January of 2001 to December of 2004. The APC is a new method of electrocoagulación, and has múltiple uses and applications. It allows the application of electrical energy in order to obtain tissue destruction or to make haemostasis. The APC uses a high frequency of electrical current given by the gas ion of argón. This gas, while it ionizes, allows the conduction of electricity. Our objective was to analyze the utility, effectiveness and frequency of the APC treatment. 76 clinical histories of patients treated with endoscope and APC were reviewed. We observed 96% of general therapeutic success, and 95.5% as therapeutic haemostatic treatment alone or combined. It is a useful therapeutic alternative in patients with esophagus of Barret and its utility is increasing for actinic proctitis, and it liave satisfactory results in case of low digestive hemorrhage.

Occurrence and ultrastructural characterization of "nuage" during oogenesis and early spermatogenesis of Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Teleostei)

We investigated the occurrence and ultrastructurally characterized electrondense nuclear material (nuage) released from the nucleus during oogenesis and early spermatogenesis of Piaractus mesopotamicus, a fish from Pantanal Matogrossense (Brazil) having a seasonal reproductive cycle. The female germ cells presented two instances of nuclear material extrusion: in the oogonia and in the oocyte in the perinucleolar phase. In males, material with similar morphology and behavior occurred in the spematogonia. In all cases, this material was associated to mitochondria. The possible function of this material is discussed.

Foi investigada a ocorrência e caracterizada ultra-estruturalmente a eliminação de material nuclear eletrondenso (nuage) para o citoplasma durante a ovogênese e durante os estágios iniciais da espermatogênese de Piaractus mesopotamicus, um peixe do Pantanal Matogrossense de ciclo reprodutivo sazonal. Constataram-se nas células germinativas femininas dois momentos de eliminação desse material, na ovogônia e no ovócito em fase perinucleolar. Nas células masculinas, material com morfologia e comportamento muito semelhante foi encontrado na espermatogônia. Em todos os casos, o material associou-se a mitocôndrias. A possível função desse material foi discutida.

The evaluation of insulin resistance and ?-cell function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To evaluate insulin resistance and ?-cell function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods The study group included thirty-two female SLE patients who were hospitalized or received outpatient treatment in our hospital;the control group consisted of twenty-two healthy females.Their fasting plasm glucose and serum insulin were all tested.Homeostasis model assessment(HOMA) was used to calculate HOMA-IR and HOMA-?-cell function,and these parameters were compared between the study group and control group.Results Compared with control group,the SLE patients had significantly higher fasting insulin levels(12.13?4.32 vs.8.84?2.19,P0.05).Conclusion Patients with SLE have a higher risk of insulin resistance and abnormal insulin secretion than controls.

Study of the detection method of insulin resistance in congestive heart failure / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the detection method of insulin resistance in congestive heart failure.Methods Levels of fasting plasma insulin and glucose were determined in 41 patients of CHF and 26 normal controls through radioimmunoassay.The application value of the inverse of the product of fasting plasma glucose and insulin (IAI) and the ratio of fasting plasma glucose and fasting insulin (FPG/FINS) were compared.Results IAI levels in patients with CHF were significantly lower than those of the control group(P