Progress in imaging diagnosis of pneumoconiosis / 预防医学

@#Pneumoconiosis is a serious occupational disease in China. Early imaging examination is one of the important measures for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pneumoconiosis. Digital radiography (DR) and computed tomography (CT) play an important role in the screening and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, as well as the recent rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. This paper reviews the latest progress in technical parameter debugging and quality control of DR, optimization of AI computer-aided system and CT-aided diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, summarizes the advantages and problems in the application of the three technologies, providing research directions for imaging diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

Neumoconiosis / Pneumoconiosis

RESUMEN La neumoconiosis es una enfermedad, con características radiológicas similares a la silicosis, que afecta a los trabajadores dedicados al trasporte de carbón que se exponen durante los procesos de extracción y depósito de polvo de carbón en las centrales térmicas, la industria siderúrgica, la industria química e incluso en la venta y uso de equipos electrodomésticos. Se presenta un paciente de 65 años, con antecedentes de reiterados ingresos por neumonía extra hospitalaria, que presentaba falta de aire después de realizar cualquier esfuerzo físico. La tomografía de tórax confirmó que el paciente había sufrido una exposición prolongada al humo del carbón. Se diagnosticó la presencia de un fibroenfisema bulloso y adenopatías mediastinales. La prevención es la medida más eficaz para la lucha contra esta enfermedad. Se debe implementar el estricto cumplimiento de las medidas técnicas y la vigilancia constante de los niveles de polvo permitidos.

ABSTRACT Pneumoconiosis is a disease, with radiological characteristics similar to silicosis, which affects coal workers during coal dust deposition and extraction in thermal power plants, steel and chemical industry, and even in the sale and use of household appliances. We present a 65-year-old patient with a history of recurrent admissions for community-acquired pneumonia who had shortness of breath on exertion. Chest computed tomography confirmed that the patient had suffered a prolonged exposure to charcoal smoke. The presence of bullous fibroemphysema and mediastinal adenopathies was diagnosed. Prevention is the most effective measure to fight this disease. Strict compliance with technical measures and constant monitoring of permitted dust levels should be implemented.