Polygonum hydropiper extract attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways

The present study was conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms and effective components of Polygonum hydropiper in ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal lesions. The ethanol extract was purified on an AB-8 macroporous resin column and eluted with 60% ethanol and was then injected into the HPLC system for quantitative analysis. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally pretreated with P. hydropiper extract (PHLE; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 5 days and then absolute ethanol was administered to induce gastric mucosal damage. One hour after ethanol ingestion, the rats were euthanized and stomach samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Antioxidant enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokines were quantified. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of proteins. Cell proliferation was assayed by CCK-8 assays. The proportion of total flavonoids in the final extract of P. hydropiper was 50.05%, which contained three major bioactive flavonoid constituents, including rutin, quercitrin, and quercetin. PHLE significantly increased cell viability and effectively protected human gastric epithelial cells-1 against alcohol-induced damage in vitro. PHLE pretreatment attenuated gastric mucosal injuries in a dose-dependent manner in rats, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione, and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde in gastric tissue. Pretreatment with PHLE also reduced the generation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in gastric tissue by downregulating the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B. PHLE exerted protective effects against gastric injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Flavonoids might be the main effective components of P. hydropiper against gastric mucosal injury.

Research progress of pharmacological activities of Polygonum hydropiper / 国际中医中药杂志

The Polygonum hydropiper are dried whole grasses of Polygonum hydropiper L., which mainly contains the following chemical components, such asflavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, and volatile oils. The recent research of the pharmacological effects of Polygonum hydropiper showed that its effects include anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, analgesic.

Study on Protective Effects of Polygonum hydropiper Extract on Acute Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effects of Polygonum hydropiper extract on acute gastric mucosal lesion (AGML)in rats. METHODS:48 rats were randomly divided into normal group(normal saline),model group(normal saline), positive group(ranitidine hydrochloride,0.05 g/kg),P. hydropiper extract low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(2.7, 8.1,24.3 g/kg by crude drug),i.g. for consecutive 7 d,once a day. Except for normal group,other groups were given absolute ethyl alcohol to induce AGMI model after 1 h of last administration. 1.5 h after modeling,gastric mucosal lesion index of rats was calculated;the pathological changes of gastric tissue in rats were observed;nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)content and SOD activity in gastric tissue of rats were determined by ELISA. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the gastric mucosa of model group was damaged obviously,there was blood capillary rupture in submucosa,gastric mucosal lesion index was increased significantly(P<0.01);Nrf2 content and SOD activity were significantly decreased in gastric tissue of rats(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,gastric mucosal lesion of rats was relieved to different extent;in positive group,P. hydropiper extract medium-dose and high-dose groups,gastric mucosal lesion index was decreased significantly(P<0.05),and Nrf2 content and SOD activity were increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:P. hydropiper extract has good protective effect on absolute ethyl alcohol-induce AGMI,the mechanism of which may be associated with raising Nrf2 content and enhancing SOD activity in gastric mucosal tissue.

Study on Separation and Purification of Total Flavonoids from Polygonum hydropiper Linn. by Macroporous Resin / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the separation and purification of total flavonoids from Polygonum hydropiper Linn. by macroporous adsorption resin; To investigate the effects of various factors in the process of static and dynamic adsorption on effects of adsorption and desorption to determine the optimum capability. Methods The total flavonoids from Polygonum hydropiper Linn. was extracted; the contents of flavonoids of ethyl acetate part (FEA) and flavonoids of n-butanol part (FNB) were detected; the adsorption experiment of FEA and FNB was conducted by macroporous adsorption resin. D101, AB-8, DM130, and XDA-8 macroporous resin were used to optimize the separation and purification process. Results The XDA-8 macroporous resin was selected to enrich total flavonoids from Polygonum hydropiper Linn. The optimum process was: adjusting the pH value of FEA flavonoids to 6, the concentration of sample was 750 g/mL, eluting with 75% ethanol to elute 5 bed volumes at a flow rate of 1 bed per hour; adjusting the pH value of FNB flavonoids to 6, the concentration of sample was 1 mg/mL, eluting with 60% ethanol to elute 5 bed volumes at a flow rate of 1 bed per hour. Conclusion XDA-8 macroporous adsorption resin is helpful to separate and purify the total flavonoids of Polygonum hydropiper Linn.by the best process.

Using orthogonal design method to determined optimal processing techniques and simultaneous determination of three compounds of Polygonum hydropiper L / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To study the extraction method in flowers of Polygonum orientale L.. Determine the optimum extraction process and establish a method by HPLC for simultaneous determination of three components. Methods Different concentraction of ethanol, and different exeraction time, differernt solvent quantity were used, with hyperoside, taxifolin and orientin as standards in the orthogonal design method to deploy HPLC to determine content of hyperoside, taxifolin and orientin of each extractive content. The Agilent TC-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was as stationary phase, and acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid solution (v/v) system was as the mobile phase. The gradient elution, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, column temperature was 30 ℃, and detection wavelength was of 290 nm. Results It is the optimum extraction method that 10 times amount of 65％ethanol, extracting 1 hour extraction method optimum extraction process from flowers of Polygonum orientale L. Conclusions The orthogonal design method was feasible of selecting the optimum exeraction process. The components presented at different levels for samples in different areas and at different times.

Chemical constituents from Polygonum hydropiper / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Polygonum hydropiper L..METHODS The petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of 95％ ethanol extract from P.hydropiper were isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1),aniba dimer A (2),succinic acid (3),quercetin (4),gallic acid (5),daucosterol (6),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (7),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (8),quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (9),kaempferol-3-O-β-galactoside (10),stigmast-4-ene-3β,6a-diol (11),fumaric acid (12),ellagic acid (13).CONCLUSION Compounds 11 and 12 are isolated from genus Polygonum for the first time,compounds 2,8,10 and 13 are first obtained from this plant.

HPLC fingerprints of Polygonum hydropiper and its adulterants / 中草药

Objective: To study and establish the fingerprints of polygonilterba the aerial pevrts of Polygonum hydropiper by HPLC. Methods: The fingerprints of P·hydropiper from different origins were built using Hypersil ODS2 C18 column and acetonitrile-0.2%phosphoric acid as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detecting wavelength was set at 260 nm. The temperature of column was at 25℃. Total 22 Polygonum Herba samples and adulterants were detected. Results: The mutual mode to HPLC fingerprints was set up, and the 12 common peaks were obtained. The similarities in 15 batches of Polygonum Herba samples were all above 0.95 and those of seven batches of adulterants were below 0.50. Conclusion: The method is simple, stable, and reproducible, which can be uesd to identify Polygonum Herba and its adulterants.