RESUMO
Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) “the little big problem” after surgery/anaesthesia is a common side-effect which compromises the quality of care, delays discharge and thereby delays resumption of activities of daily living. A number of pharmacological agents (antihistamines, butyrophenones, dopamine receptor antagonists) have been used, and the 5‑hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists have been found to be effective in prevention and treatment of PONV. Thus, we compared the prophylactic effects of intravenously administered ondansetron, palonosetron, and granisetron in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anaesthesia. METHODSThis prospective, double blind study, comprising of 135 patients of ASA physical status I and II of either gender, was carried out after approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethical and Scientific Committee. Patients were randomized into three equal groups. Group P received inj. palonosetron (0.075 mg), group O received inj. ondansetron (8 mg), and group G received inj. granisetron (2.5 mg) intravenously five minutes before induction of anaesthesia. The episodes of postoperative nausea and vomiting, severity of nausea, need for rescue antiemetic, side effects and patient satisfaction were observed in the study groups for 24 hours in the post-operative period. At the end of study, results were compiled, and statistical analysis was done using ANOVA, chi‑square test, and Kruskal Wallis Test. Value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.RESULTSThe incidence of PONV was significantly less in the palonosetron group (95.6%) as compared to the ondansetron group (80%) and granisetron group (73.3%), with a lesser need for rescue antiemetic in the palonosetron group. All the three study groups did not have significant adverse effects reflecting that all the three drugs were well-tolerated. Patient satisfaction score was also more with palonosetron
RESUMO
The aim of the present study was to compare the antiemetic effect of intravenous Granisetron, Ondansetron & Metoclopramide in a randomized blinded study for prophylaxis of post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. 60 patients (ASA I & II) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated into three equal groups (n=20). Emetic episodes in first 24 hours were recorded and compared in different study groups. Results were analyzed. Minimal emetic episodes were observed in early post-operative period (1-12hrs) in patients who had received intravenous granisetron in comparison to ondansetron and metoclopramide. However, after 12 hours emesis free periods were statistically insignificant between group A and B while patients in group C had no antiemetic effect.