Head and Neck Cancer Survivors’ Perceptions of Cancer Treatment and Posttraumatic Growth

@#Introduction: Cancer patients’ perception on the treatment they received is vital to determine their adherence to cancer treatment, but important data on how this variable affects posttraumatic growth (PTG) experience by cancer patients is lacking. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the degree of PTG among a cohort of head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors who were within first year of diagnosis and determined the association between perception of cancer treatment received (expectation and satisfaction with cancer treatment received and the feeling about the adverse effects) and PTG controlling for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: HNC survivors were recruited from two oncology referral centres, and they were administered socio-demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, the Malay version of the Cancer Therapy Satisfaction Questionnaire (CTSQ) (to assess the satisfaction, expectation and feeling about the adverse effects of cancer treatment received) and the Malay version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGi-SF) (to measure the degree of PTG). Results: A total of 200 HNC survivors participated in the study. The mean total PTGI-SF score was 39.5 (standard deviation [SD] = 9.3). Greater degree of positive expectation of cancer treatment and satisfaction with cancer treatment received significantly contributed to higher level of PTG, whereas feeling about side effects of treatment was not associated with PTG, after controlling for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Conclusion: Incorporating psychosocial interventions (such as education on cancer treatment and counselling) into the treatment regimen may facilitate development of PTG and hence, safeguard the mental well-being of HNC patients.

The mediating effect of self-advocacy between posttraumatic growth and social isolation among female breast cancer survivors / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of self-advocacy between posttraumatic growth and social isolation among female breast cancer survivors, so as to provide reference for the establishing nursing intervention strategies for social isolation.Methods:A random samplingsurvey was conducted, a total of 220 female breast cancer survivors from May to December 2021in Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital were recruited by convenience sampling method. They were investigated by the general information questionnaire, General Alienation Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Female Self-advocacy in Cancer Survivorship, respectively.Results:A total of 203 valid questionnaires were collected. The score of posttraumatic growth was (60.91 ± 12.04) points, self-advocacy was (59.56 ± 12.19) points, social isolation was (36.52 ± 7.79) points of female breast cancer survivors. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory scores of each dimension in female breast cancer survivors were positively correlated with the scores of female self-advocacy of each dimension in cancer survivorship ( r values were 0.219-0.686, all P<0.01); each dimension of the General Alienation Scale scores were negatively correlated with the scores of Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Female Self-advocacy in Breast Cancer Survivorship ( r values were -0.804 to -0.202, all P<0.01). The posttraumatic growth of female breast cancer survivors affected social alienation through self-advocacy, which showed the mediating effect of self-advocacy accounts for 32.8% of total effect. Conclusions:Self-advocacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between posttraumatic growth and social isolation. Nurses can improve the level of self-advocacy of female breast cancer survivors and promote posttraumatic growth, so as to decrease social isolation.

Terapia sistémica breve en personas expuestas a un evento altamente estresante reciente: Un ensayo controlado aleatorizado / Brief systemic therapy in people exposed to a recent highly stressful event: A randomised controlled trial

Resumen: Antecedentes: Los eventos altamente estresantes pueden tener efectos nocivos en el bienestar y salud mental en las personas. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de un protocolo de intervención preventiva basado en la Terapia Sistémica Breve orientado a personas que vivenciaron de manera reciente un evento altamente estresante. Método: Participaron 75 personas, 39 conformaron el grupo experimental y 36 el grupo control. Para el análisis de los datos se siguió un diseño cuantitativo con dos grupos (experimental y control) y con dos puntos temporales (pre y post-intervención). Al grupo experimental se añadió un seguimiento a los seis meses. El protocolo estuvo estructurado en cuatro sesiones y apuntaba a incidir sobre los síntomas postraumáticos, el crecimiento postraumático, la respuesta rumiativa y las estrategias de afrontamiento. Resultados: Se observó un aumento del crecimiento postraumático, de la rumiación deliberada, del afrontamiento centrado en el problema y de la reinterpretación positiva en el grupo experimental. En cambio, solo hubo una tendencia no significativa en la reducción de la sintomatología postraumática y en la búsqueda de apoyo social. Conclusiones: Estos resultados contribuyen al desarrollo de la Terapia Sistémica Breve y apoyan su utilidad en la intervención preventiva con personas expuestas a un evento altamente estresante.

Abstract: Background: Highly stressful events can have harmful effects on people's well-being and mental health. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a preventive intervention protocol based on Brief Systemic Therapy oriented to people who recently experienced a highly stressful event. Method: Seventy-five people participated, 39 were in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. A quantitative design with two groups (experimental and control) and two time points (pre- and post-intervention) was used for data analysis. A six-month follow-up was added to the experimental group. The protocol was structured in four sessions and aimed to impact on posttraumatic symptoms, posttraumatic growth, ruminative response and coping strategies. Results: An increase in posttraumatic growth, deliberate rumination, problem-focused coping, and positive reinterpretation was observed in the experimental group. In contrast, there was only a nonsignificant trend in reduced posttraumatic symptomatology and in seeking social support. Conclusions: These results contribute to the development of Brief Systemic Therapy and support its usefulness in preventive intervention with people exposed to a highly stressful event.

Sintomatología y crecimiento postraumático en estudiantes de educación superior en Chile durante la pandemia por COVID-19

Objetivo. Evaluar un modelo predictivo de sintomatología postraumática (SPT) y de crecimiento postraumático (CPT), que incluía variables psicológicas, relacionadas con la pandemia y con las clases virtuales, en estudiantes de educación superior durante la pandemia. Método. Participaron 552 estudiantes cuya mayoría corresponde a un 68.5% de mujeres. Se aplicaron instrumentos para medir distintas variables psicológicas. Resultados. Se estableció que un modelo predictivo que incluía la rumiación intrusiva y deliberada, la severidad subjetiva, la supresión emocional, la revaluación cognitiva, el apoyo social, un espacio adecuado para conectarse a clases en línea y el nivel de estudios predecía en forma significativa la SPT. La rumiación deliberada, el apoyo social, la reevaluación cognitiva y la edad predecían el CPT. Se discute la relevancia de estos resultados para el apoyo que se podría brindar a los estudiantes.

Objective. To evaluate a predictive model of posttraumatic symptomatology (PTS) and posttraumatic growth (PTC), which included psychological, pandemic-related, and online classroom-related variables, in higher education students during the pandemic. Method. A total of 552 students participated, 68.5% of whom were women. Instruments were applied to measure different psychological variables. Results. It was established that a model that included intrusive and deliberate rumination, subjective severity, emotional suppression, cognitive reappraisal, social support, adequate space to connect to online classes, and educational attainment significantly predicted PTS. Deliberate rumination, social support, cognitive reappraisal, and age predicted CPT. The relevance of these findings to the academic support that could be provided to students is discussed.

Effects of resilience on posttraumatic growth in patients with refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism: the mediating role of hope / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of hope on resilience and post traumatic growth (PTG) in patients with refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (rSHPT).Methods:It was convenient to select rSHPT patients and non-refractory SHPT patients who received maintenance hemodialysis treatment in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to September 2021. Totally 495 patients with rSHPT and 1 295 patients with mild secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) were surveyed by the Chinese Version of The Herth Hope Scale, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Post Traumatic Growth Rating Scale (PTGI). After matching according to the 1∶1 Propensity Score Matching (PSM), 436 cases were set in each of the two groups. The differences of hope, resilience and PTG scores between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between hope, resilience and total score of PTG in rSHPT group. Regression analysis and SPSS Process mediation Model 4 were used to test the mediating effect of hope on resilience and PTG.Results:The hope score (32.16 ± 4.15), psychological resilience score (61.22 ± 14.38), and the PTG score (52.34 ± 18.92) of rSHPT patients was significantly lower than 33.41 ± 2.97 ( t=-5.72, P<0.05), 63.19 ± 7.25 ( t=-2.77, P<0.05), 57.95 ± 10.07 ( t=-6.34, P<0.05) of SHPT patients. There was a positive correlation between hope, resilience and PTG score ( r=0.671, 0.488, 0.523, all P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that resilience could positively predict PTG ( β=0.518, P<0.01). Psychological resilience positively predicted hope ( β=0.188, P<0.01). Resilience ( β=0.204, P =0.002) and hope ( β=1.442, P<0.01) could positively predict PTG. Hope played a partial mediating role in the relationship between resilience and PTG, and the mediating effect accounted for 60.23%. Conclusions:rSHPT patients generally had lower levels of hope, resilience and PTG. Resilience can affect PTG directly or indirectly through hope. Medical staff should improve the resilience and hope level of patients with rSHPT through positive psychological intervention measures, so as to enhance the positive promoting effect of psychological resilience on PTG.

The current status and influencing factors of post-traumatic growth in middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of post-traumatic growth and its afffecting factors in middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes, in order to carry out clinical intervention for reference.Methods:A general data questionnaire, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to survey 222 middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized from December 2020 to March 2021 in Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Center Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Liaocheng People′s Hospital.Results:The total score of Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was (45.20 ± 12.90), (42.73 ± 10.16),(51.41 ± 10.60) points in middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes. Regression showed that treatment mode, medical payment mode, social support, and psychological resilience were the main influencing factors of post-traumatic growth levels in middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes ( P<0.05), which could explain 42.3% of the variation. Conclusions:Middle-aged and young patients with type 2 diabetes have grown at low level. Medical staff should concentrate on the positive psychology of patients and improve their level of social support and resilience to promote the production of post-traumatic growth.

The mediating effect of rumination between posttraumatic growth and coping strategy among parents of children with acute leukemia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of rumination between posttraumatic growth and coping strategy among parents of children with acute leukemia.Methods:Totally 238 parents of children with acute leukemia at Children ′s hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to October 2021 were recruited as research object by convenient sampling method. Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Runminative Responses Scale (RRS) and Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) were investigated. Results:The scores of parents of children with acute leukemia in PTGI were (60.96 ± 11.81), RRS were (58.13 ± 13.40), CHIP were (106.60 ± 34.31). The demensions of PTGI in parents were positively correlated with the each demensions of CHIP ( r values were 0.256 to 0.478, all P<0.01); the RRS demensions were negatively correlated with the demensions of PTGI and CHIP ( r values were -0.566 to -0.236, P<0.01). Posttraumatic growth had a direct positive effect on coping strategy, the path coefficient was 0.082. Posttraumatic growth affects coping strategy through rumination, the indirect path coefficient was 0.797, the mediating effect accounts for 90.4% of the total effect. Rumination had a negative effect on coping strategy, the path coefficient was -0.954. Posttraumatic growth has a negative effect on rumination, the path coefficient was -0.835. Conclusions:Rumination plays a mediating role in the relationship between posttraumatic growth and coping strategy. Medical staff can alleviate the levels of rumination of parents of children with acute leukemia, so as to promote posttraumatic growth and coping strategy.

Crecimiento postraumático y variables psicosociales en víctimas de violencia política / Posttraumatic growth and psychosocial variables among victims of political violence

Resumen Antecedentes: la dictadura militar chilena (1973-1990) dejó miles de víctimas entre afectados directos y familiares, quienes pudieron desarrollar diversas secuelas en su salud mental. Objetivos: el presente estudio buscó evaluar un modelo predictivo de crecimiento postraumático (CPT) que incluía la ideología política, el afrontamiento religioso y la rumiación, en víctimas de la violencia política durante la dictadura. Método: participaron 200 personas adultas reconocidas en el Programa de Reparación y Atención Integral de Salud (PRAIS), encargada de brindar apoyo a las víctimas directas de violaciones a los derechos humanos durante la dictadura, y a sus familiares. De ellos 104 son mujeres (52%) y 96 hombres (48%), en un rango de edad entre los 30 y 91 años. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Inventario de Crecimiento Postraumático, la Escala Breve de Afrontamiento Religioso, la Escala de Rumiación relacionada con el Evento y la Escala de Ideología Política. Resultados: los principales resultados indicaron que el afrontamiento religioso positivo y la rumiación deliberada predijeron el CPT. La rumiación deliberada media parcialmente entre el afrontamiento religioso positivo y el CPT. Conclusión: se concluye que el afrontamiento religioso positivo y el procesamiento cognitivo deliberado favorecen los cambios positivos en víctimas directas de la violencia política y sus familiares. Ante esto, se refuerza la idea que las víctimas de estas violaciones logran crecer después de estas experiencias dolorosas.

Abstract Background: The Chilean military dictatorship (1973-1990) left thousands of victims among those directly affected and their families, who were able to develop various mental health sequelae. Objective: The present study sought to evaluate a predictive model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) that included political ideology, religious coping and rumination in victims of political violence during the dictatorship. Method: The study involved 200 adults recognised in the Programme for Reparation and Integral Health Care (PRAIS), which is responsible for providing support to direct victims of human rights violations and their family members during the dictatorship. Out of these, 104 were women (52%) and 96 were men (48%) ranging in age from 30 to 91 years. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Brief Religious Coping Scale, the Event-Related Rumination Scale and the Political Ideology Scale were used as instruments. Results: The main results indicated that positive religious coping and deliberate rumination predicted PTG. Deliberate rumination partially mediates between positive religious coping and PTG. Conclusion: It is concluded that positive religious coping and deliberate cognitive processing favour positive change in those directly affected by political violence and their family members. This reinforces the idea that victims of these violations manage to grow after these painful experiences.

Crescimento Pós-Traumático após Divórcio: Contribuição dos Valores para Além das Variáveis Demográficas / Posttraumatic Growth After Divorce: Contribution of Values Beyond Demographic Variables

Resumo Objetivou-se verificar em que medida os valores humanos explicam o crescimento pós-traumático no contexto do divórcio, controlando o efeito das variáveis idade, sexo e tempo de divorciado. Responderam ao Inventário de Crescimento Pós-Traumático, Questionário de Valores Básicos e questões demográficas 200 pessoas que vivenciaram o divórcio (M idade = 38,4, DP = 11,51). Entre as variáveis demográficas, unicamente o sexo foi importante para explicar o crescimento, mais evidente entre mulheres. Ademais, os valores humanos se mostraram um construto importante. Subfunções sociais (interativa e normativa) e a de existência foram as mais importantes; entre os valores pessoais, unicamente os da subfunção realização lograram fazê-lo. Concluindo, estes achados foram discutidos à luz da literatura, sinalizando a importância dos valores humanos.

Abstract This study investigated to which extent human values explain posttraumatic growth in the context of divorce, even controlling by age, gender and divorce time. Two-hundred people who experienced the divorce responded to Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Basic Values Questionnaire and demographic questions (M age = 38.4, SD = 11.51). Among the demographic variables only the gender was important to explain the growth, more evident among women. In addition, human values proved to be an important construct to explain. Social (interactive and normative) and existence subfunctions were the most important; between personal values, only those of the promotion subfunction did so. In conclusion, these findings were discussed at light of the literature, pointing out the importance of human values.

Effect of Williams life skills training on posttraumatic growth and care ability for parents of children with leukemia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of Williams life skills training on posttraumatic growth and care ability for parents of children with leukemia.Methods:A total of 86 parents of children with leukemia were assigned to Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January to December 2019 who were devided into experimental group and control group according to the enrolled time, there were 43 cases in each group. The parents in the control group recieved routine nursing, the experimental group carried out 4-week Williams life skills training. The effect was assessed by Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI), respectively.Results:Finally, 41 cases were included in the experimental group and 40 cases in the control group. After intervention, the personal strength, relating to others, spiritual change scores and total scores in PTGI were (21.10 ± 4.47), (19.95 ± 6.18), (5.12 ± 0.95), (73.41 ± 8.37) points in the experimental group, significantly higher than (18.38 ± 4.50), (17.60 ± 3.30), (4.65 ± 1.05), (66.13 ± 6.31) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.117-4.420, P<0.05 or 0.01). The disease cognitive ability, basic care skills, emotional management ability, ability to seek support scores and total scores in FCTI were (5.41 ± 1.76), (4.10 ± 1.09), (6.71 ± 1.12), (5.56 ± 1.16), (38.00 ± 3.92) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than (6.60 ± 1.58), (4.63 ± 1.10), (7.58 ± 1.74), (6.33 ± 1.53), (41.18 ± 4.72) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.164-3.286, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:Williams life skills training can effectively promote posttraumatic growth and care ability in parents of children with leukemia.

Posttraumatic growth indicators in Brazilian and Pakistani samples / Indicadores de crecimiento postraumático en una muestra brasileña y pakistaní / Indicadores de crescimento pós-traumático em amostra brasileira e paquistanesa

We investigated indicators of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in victims of disasters. Six hypotheses were tested: the symptoms of re-experiencing and avoidance, typical of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), would be positive predictors of PTG (h1); the Pakistanis would have lower PTG rates when compared to Brazilians (h2); higher number of traumatic events (h3), bombings and terrorism (h4) and pathological personality traits (h5) would be negative predictors of PTG; and the religiosity factor would be a positive indicator of PTG (h6). Participants included 202 subjects, 64.9% male with age ranges between 18 and 66 years (M = 28.07; SD = 8.82). Instruments used included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Clinical Dimensional Personality Inventory-Screening. All hypotheses were partially corroborated. We discuss the implications of the transposition of Western evaluation methods and the posttraumatic perspective to Non-Western contexts.

Investigou-se indicadores de crescimento pós-traumático (CPT) em vítimas de desastres por meio de seis hipóteses: os sintomas de reexperimentação e evitação, típicos do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT), seriam preditores positivos de CPT (h1); os paquistaneses teriam menores taxas de CPT quando comparados a brasileiros (h2), maior número de eventos traumáticos (h3), bombardeios e terrorismo (h4) e traços patológicos de personalidade (h5) seriam preditores negativos de CPT e o fator religiosidade seria um indicador positivo do CPT (h6). Participaram do estudo 202 indivíduos, 64,9% homens com idades entre 18 e 66 anos (M = 28,07; DP = 8,82). Os instrumentos utilizados incluíram o Inventário de Crescimento Pós-Traumático, o PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 e o Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade-Versão Triagem. As hipóteses foram parcialmente corroboradas. Se discute a transposição de métodos de avaliação ocidentais e perspectiva pós-traumática para contextos orientais.

Se han investigado indicadores de crecimiento postraumático (CPT) en víctimas de desastres a través de seis hipótesis: los síntomas de re experimentación y evitación, típicos del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), serían predictores positivos de CPT (h1); los paquistaníes tendrían menores tasas de CPT cuando comparados a brasileños (h2), mayor número de eventos traumáticos (h3), bombardeos y terrorismo (h4) y rasgos patológicos de personalidad (h5) serían predictores negativos de CPT y el factor religiosidad sería un indicador positivo del CPT (h6). Participaron 202 individuos, 64,9% hombres con edades entre 18 y 66 años (M = 28,07, DP = 8,82). Los instrumentos utilizados incluyeron el Inventario de Crecimiento Post-traumático, la lista de verificación del PTSD para el Checklist for DSM-5 y el Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad - Versión EvaluaciónTriage. Las hipótesis fueron parcialmente corroboradas. Se discute la transposición de métodos de evaluación occidentales y perspectiva post-traumática para contextos orientales.

The Structural Analysis of Variables Related to Posttraumatic Growth among Psychiatric Nurses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explain a structural model of posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses based on existing models and a literature review and verify its effectiveness.METHODS: Data were collected from psychiatric nurses in one special city, four metropolitan cities, and three regional cities from February to March 2016. Exogenous variables included hardiness and distress perception, while endogenous variables included self-disclosure, social support, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. Data from 489 psychiatric nurses were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 and AMOS 20.0.RESULTS: The modified model was a good fit for the data. Tests on significance of the pathways of the modified model showed that nine of the 14 paths were supported, and the explanatory power of posttraumatic growth by included variables in the model was 69.2%. For posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses, deliberate rumination had a direct effect as the variable that had the largest influence. Indirect effects were found in the order of hardiness, social support, and distress perception. Self-disclosure showed both direct and indirect effects.CONCLUSION: A strategy to improve deliberate rumination is necessary when seeking to improve posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses. Enhancing psychiatric nurses' hardiness before trauma would enable them to actively express negative emotions after trauma, allowing them to receive more social support. This would improve deliberate rumination and consequently help promote psychological growth among psychiatric nurses who have experienced trauma.

Validation of the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI) in Brazilian Portuguese / Validação do Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI) em português do Brasil

Abstract Introduction Experiencing trauma may entail psychopathological consequences, but also changes considered to be positive (i.e., posttraumatic growth). For positive change to occur, an impact on the beliefs of individuals is required, which may be measured through the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI). The objective of this study was to validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the CBI. Methods A total of 248 university students (65.7% female) answered the following assessment instruments: sociodemographic data sheet, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist - Clinician Version (PCL-5) and the CBI. Psychometric properties of the CBI were assessed by conducting an exploratory factor analysis through a principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and convergent validity (Pearson correlation between instruments) were also investigated. Results The total scale showed adequate internal consistency (α = 0.83). A single factor solution explained 42.63% of the variance of the CBI. Significant correlations were found between CBI and PTGI, and between CBI and PCL-5. Conclusion The psychometric properties indicated adequate internal consistency and construct validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the CBI.

Resumo Introdução Experimentar um trauma pode levar a consequências psicopatológicas, mas também a alterações consideradas positivas (ou seja, crescimento pós-traumático). Para que mudanças positivas ocorram é necessário um impacto nas crenças dos indivíduos, o que pode ser medido através do Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI). O objetivo deste estudo foi validar a versão em português do Brasil do CBI. Métodos Um total de 248 universitários (65,7% mulheres) responderam aos seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: ficha sociodemográfica, Inventário de Crescimento Pós-Traumático (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory - PTGI), Lista de Verificação de Sintomas Pós-Traumáticos - Versão Clínica (Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist - Clinician Version - PCL-5) e CBI. As propriedades psicométricas do CBI foram avaliadas a partir de análise fatorial exploratória através de análise de componentes principais com rotação varimax. A consistência interna (α de Cronbach) e a validade convergente (correlação de Pearson entre os instrumentos) também foram investigadas. Resultados A escala total apresentou consistência interna adequada (α = 0,83). Uma solução de fator único explicou 42,63% da variação do CBI. Correlações significativas foram encontradas entre CBI e PTGI e entre CBI e PCL-5. Conclusão As propriedades psicométricas indicaram consistência interna adequada e validade de construto da versão em português do Brasil do CBI.

Predictores de sintomatología postraumática aguda y crecimiento post-estrés tras un accidente laboral reciente / Predictors of Acute Posttraumatic Symptoms and Post- Stress Growth After a Recent Work Accident

Resumen El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar un modelo predictivo de sintomatología postraumática aguda (SPT) y de crecimiento post-estrés (CPE) en trabajadores que sufrieron un accidente laboral reciente. Se encuestaron 246 trabajadores (23.2% mujeres) entre los 18 y los 73 años. Se encontró que los principales predictores de la SPT son: severidad subjetiva del evento, afrontamiento religioso negativo, reinterpretación positiva y rumiación de tipos intrusiva, negativa y deliberada. A su vez, los principales predictores de CPE fueron: rumiación deliberada y afrontamiento religioso positivo. Se realizó un análisis de sendero para evaluar un modelo en el cual la rumiación intrusiva y la deliberada cumplen una función mediadora, obteniendo adecuados índices de ajuste. Se plantea la necesidad de contar con un método de evaluación temprana de las respuestas psicológicas tras un accidente.

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate a predictive model of acute posttraumatic symptomatology (PTS) and post-stress growth (PSG) in workers who suffered a recent work accident. To this end, 246 workers (23.2% women) were surveyed, aged between 18 and 73 years. The main predictors of PTS were subjective severity of event, negative religious coping, positive reinterpretation, and intrusive, brooding and deliberate rumination. At the same time, the main predictors of PSG were deliberate rumination and positive religious coping. A path analysis was performed to evaluate a model in which intrusive and deliberate rumination fulfill a mediating function, obtaining adequate goodness-of-fix indices. The need to have a method of early evaluation of psychological responses after an accident is proposed.

A Structural Equation Model of Factors Influencing Posttraumatic Growth of Earthquake Victims

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to construct and test a structural equation model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) of earthquake victims based on Tedeschi and Calhoun's model (2004). METHODS: Data were collected from 195 earthquake victims living in K. City. The exogenous variables include distress perception, resilience, and social support, and the endogenous variables include intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. RESULTS: The modified model showed a good fitness to the data. Moreover, 6 of the 9 paths of the final model were statistically significant, which include PTG affected by deliberate rumination (β=.58, p<.001), resilience (γ=.18, p=.001), and distress perception (γ=.20, p=.002). These predictors explain 51.8% of variance in posttraumatic growth. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and disseminate preventive intervention programs to increase the resilience of earthquake-prone communities. In addition, after exposure to a community-scale traumatic event such as earthquake, we should provide social supports to alleviate distress perception and transition from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination so that we can seek new meaning from the earthquake and facilitate posttraumatic growth.

Factors Influencing Posttraumatic Growth of Gynecologic Oncology Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors impacting the posttraumatic growth (PTG) factors during chemotherapy in gynecologic oncology patients.METHOD: The data were collected at six hospitals at a university hospital, general hospital, women's hospital, and 3 oncology hospitals in D metropolitan city. The participants of the study were 135 female patients undergoing chemotherapy for their gynecologic oncology. To identify the factors that influence PTG, we used the questionnaires for the family support, sexual distress, health promoting behavior, and PTG.RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between family support and health promoting behavior and PTG. There was significant negative correlation between sexual distress and PTG. Factors impacting the PTG of gynecologic oncology women undergoing chemotherapy were age, recurrence, family support, sexual distress, and health promoting behavior. These factors accounted for 47.0% of PTG.CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop and apply programs that include sexual distress management education, and health promotion with families. PTG programs for gynecologic oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy should be approached considering these results.

A path analysis of impacts of social support and rumination on posttraumatic growth of patients with human immunodeficiency virus / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect of social support and rumination on posttraumatic growth of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).@*Methods@#A total of 1 152 patients with HIV from Shanghai Public Clinical Center were investigated using General questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, Event Related Rumination Inventory and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory by cross-sectional survey method from January 2018 to October 2018. The path of social support and rumination on post-traumatic growth was established by correlation analysis and structural equation model.@*Results@#The total score of posttraumatic growth in patients with HIV was (47.93±23.55) points, which was at the low-middle level. Correlation analysis showed that posttraumatic growth was positively correlated with comprehension of social support (r=0.234, P<0.01), positively correlated with rumination (r=0.352, P<0.01). Structural equation model showed social support had directly positive effect on posttraumatic growth, path coefficient were 0.55. Rumination had a partial mediating effect between social support and posttraumatic growth, and mediation effects account for 11.65% of the total effect.@*Conclusions@#The posttraumatic growth level of patients with HIV needs to be improved. Health care providers should help patients get as high a level of social support as possible, as well as focus on guiding patients to think positive about the disease.

Factors associated with the Health-related Quality of Life of Firefighters / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among occupational identity, social support, posttraumatic growth, and health-related quality of life regarding firefighters.METHODS: The study was conducted with 149 firefighters working at two fire stations in South Gyeongsang Province. Data were collected between August and September 2018. There were four research instruments in the structured survey, including the occupational identity scale, social support scale, Korea Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument.RESULTS: As a result, the quality of life of firefighters was positively correlated with social support, occupational identity, and posttraumatic growth. The factors associated with the quality of life of firefighters were social support (β=.36, p < .001), and occupational identity (β=.31, p < .001). The total explanatory power of these variables was 53.1%.CONCLUSION: To improve the health-related quality of life of firefighters based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop support programs to strengthen social support and occupational identity.

Relation of neuroticism and resilience to posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumaticgrowth in patients with burns during rehabilitation / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in the patients with burns during rehabilitation, and the relationships among PTSD symptom, PTG, neuroticism and resilience.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out among 110 patients with burns during rehabilitation.The PTSD Check-list-Civilian Version (PCL-C), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Five Factors Inventory-Neuroticism Subscale (FFI-N) and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used.Result:A significant effect of different groups of marital status (F=5.66, P=0.019), annual household income (F=7.97, P=0.006), and neuroticism (F=34.24, P＜0.001, Partial η2=0.259) on PCL-C scores.A significant effect of different groups of gender (F=6.44, P=0.013) and resilience (F=14.87, P＜0.001, Partial η2=0.132) were significant for PTG scores.There existed a significant interaction between neuroticism and resilience on PTG (F=4.47, P=0.037, Partial η2=0.044).Conclusion:Being married, low annual household income, and high levels of neuroticism were associated with high PTSD symptom levels.Being female and high levels of resilience were associated with high PTG levels.Resilience moderated the effect of neuroticism on PTSD symptoms.

Bibliometrics and visualization analysis of posttraumatic growth research / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To evaluate the global scientific output of PTG research and explore their hotspots、frontiers and trend from 2008 to 2018, using bibliometric methods. Methods: Based on web of science core collection database, the literature with keywords"Posttraumatic Growth or Post-traumatic Growth"in topic and time limit set between 2008 and 2018 were searched, and 1668 literature were accepted, using the CiteS pace to depict the hot keywords, cited references. Results: The subject domains of posttraumatic growth could be divided into traumatic event, growth and change, and influence factors of PTG. Keywords and references analysis indicated that the quality of life and breast cancer were the research hotspots, whereas physiological indicators and research tools of PTG were the frontiers. The United States of America ranked highest in the countries with most citations, and the leading institute was the North Carolina University. Publications were mainly in Journal of Traumatic Stress. Conclusion: Future research could focus on the exploration of PTG intervention program, such as qualitative research and longitudinal study to trace its dynamic change.