Propuesta de modificaciones a la tecnología para la determinación de problemas y potencialidades / A Proposal of Modifications to the Technology for Determining Problems and Potentialities

Introducción: Para el desarrollo de la investigación científica, la educación médica ha asumido supuestos que conforman la Teoría de la Educación Avanzada, entre los que se encuentran la Tecnología para la determinación de problemas y potencialidades, descrita por reconocidos pedagogos cubanos. Objetivo: Proponer modificaciones a la Tecnología para la determinación de problemas y potencialidades. Métodos: Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: sistematización, histórico-lógico, sistémico estructural, funcional, análisis documental, concreción-abstracción y modelación. Resultados: Los autores realizaron modificaciones a la Tecnología para la determinación de problemas y potencialidades en el primer, quinto, sexto y séptimo pasos, con dos acercamientos al objeto de estudio desde lo genérico y holístico a lo particular, de la aproximación al análisis profundo. Se introdujo en la práctica mediante su utilización en una tesis, defendida en 2021, para optar por el título de Doctor en Ciencias de la Educación Médica. Conclusiones: La Tecnología para la determinación de problemas y potencialidades con modificaciones demuestra la flexibilidad y posibilidad de aplicación de la tecnología inicial en otras ciencias, a partir de modificaciones que pudieran introducirse de acuerdo con sus particularidades y complejidades. Esta innovación tecnológica se propone para el desarrollo de la investigación científica en las ciencias de la educación médica con vista a abordar, con un enfoque holístico, sus objetos de estudio y campos de acción(AU)

Introduction: For the development of scientific research, medical education has taken assumptions that make up the theory of advanced education, among which is the technology for determining problems and potentialities, described by renowned Cuban pedagogues. Objective: To propose modifications to the technology for determining problems and potentialities. Methods: Theoretical methods were used: systematization, historical-logical, structural-systemic, functional, documentary analysis, concretion-abstraction, and modeling. Results: The authors made modifications to the technology for determining problems and potentialities in the first, fifth, sixth and seventh steps, with two approaches to the object of study from the generic and holistic to the particular, from approximation to profound analysis. It was introduced into practice through its use in a thesis, defended in 2021, to opt for the degree of doctor of Medical Education Sciences. Conclusions: The technology for determining problems and potentialities with modifications shows the flexibility and possibility of application of the initial technology into other sciences, from modifications that could be introduced according to their particularities and complexities. This technological innovation is proposed for the development of scientific research in the sciences of medical education, in view of approaching, with a holistic perspective, its objects of study and fields of action(AU)

Analysis of Bioactive Compounds by GC-MD from the Young Leaves of Tectona Grandisl.F.

The timber value of Tectona grandis has been established from decades. Teak is an exotic species cultivated along most parts of tropical regions. Anthocyanins are natural colourants which have raised a growing demand due to their extensive range of colours, innocuous and beneficial health effects. Anthocyanins belong to large group of polyphenolics - flavonoids, which are secondary metabolites synthesized by higher plants. Despite the remarkable application of anthocyanins in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, still it is not properly exploited. In the present study, the bioactive components of Tectona grandis young leaves have been evaluated using Perkin-Elmer Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. GC-MS analysis revealed the existence of eleven compounds. 5,9-Methanobenzocycloocten-1(2H)-one,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-5,10-dihydroxy-3,3,7,7,9- pentamethyl (76.02%) and 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid,5-[2-(3-furanyl)ethyl]decahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-6- methylene-[1R-(1.alpha.,4a.)] (13.95%). Other compounds present in minor quantities were ledol(0.92%), 3- Buten-2-one,4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)orionone(0.49%),9,12,15 Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- or Linolenic acid methyl ester (0.82%), Phytol (0.69%), Cedran-diol, 8S,14- (0.60%), Lupeol (0.71%), 3- Methoxymethyl-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-6,7,8a-tetrahydro-5H-chromene (3.45%) and Retinol(1.27%). This is the first report of identification of active constituents from the young leaves of Tectona grandis.

Evaluación de dos métodos de conservación para Kluyveromyces marxianus CCEBI 2011 en la Colección de Cultivos del CEBI / Evaluation of two conservation methods for Kluyveromyces marxianus CCEBI 2011 at the CEBI Culture Collection

La elección de un método de conservación debe permitir mantener, entre otros parámetros, la viabilidad, pureza y estabilidad de las propiedades de una cepa. Kluyveromyces marxianus CCEBI 2011 es una levadura con atractivas potencialidades biotecnológicas, conservada en la Colección de Cultivos del CEBI mediante dos métodos: transferencia periódica y agua destilada estéril (método de Castellani). En este trabajo, para determinar la eficacia y calidad de los dos métodos utilizados para la conservación de K. marxianus CCEBI 2011, se evaluaron parámetros como viabilidad, pureza e identidad y propiedades biotecnológicas. Por ambos métodos se obtuvo una elevada pureza y una viabilidad de 5,31x1010 células/mL y 6,8x1010 células/mL por el método de Castellani y transferencia periódica, respectivamente. En este último se alcanzaron los mayores valores de tolerancia a etanol (11%), producción de etanol (6,08 ± 0,11 g/L) y actividad pectinolítica (15,29 ± 1,71 U/mL). En los dos métodos se corroboró la clasificación taxonómica de esta cepa como K. marxianus, según el análisis de las regiones ITS1-gen 5,8S ARNr-ITS2. Se demostró que los métodos de conservación empleados son efectivos, y que han mantenido con calidad las potencialidades biotecnológicas de este microorganismo por más de 10 años.

The election of a conservation method should allow maintaining, among other parameters, the viability, purity and stability of the properties of a strain. Kluyveromyces marxianus CCEBI 2011 is a yeast with attractive biotechnological potentialities, conserved at the CEBI Culture Collection by two methods: periodic transfer and sterile distilled water (Castellani method). In this study for determining the efficacy and quality of the two methods being used for the conservation of K. marxianus, we evaluated parameters such as viability, purity, identity and biotechnological properties. For both methods we obtained a high purity and a viability of 5.31x1010 cells/mL and 6.8x1010 cells/ mL, for the Castellani method and the periodic transfer method respectively. In this last method we obtained the highest values for ethanol tolerance (11%), ethanol production (6.08 ± 0.11 g/L) and pectonolitic activity (15.29 ± 1.71 U/mL). For the two methods the taxonomic classification of this strain as K. marxianus was corroborated according to the analysis of the ITSI-gen 5.8S ARNr-ITS2 regions. It was shown that the conservation methods being used are effective and that they have maintained the quality of the biotechnological potentialities of this microorganism during more than 10 years.

Potencialidades e necessidades profissionais na formação de treinadores desportivos / Professional capabilities and needs in sport coaches training

Esta investigação buscou verificar quais as potencialidades e as necessidades percebidas na formação de treinadores. Participaram do estudo 213 treinadores, de modalidades coletivas e individuais do estado de Santa Catarina. Na coleta de dados foi empregada a Escala de Auto Percepção de Competência (EAPC), adaptada de Simão (1998). A análise estatística foi realizada com auxílio do pacote estatístico SPSS 11.0. Os resultados revelaram como potencialidades os conhecimentos de teoria e metodologia do treinamento desportivo, as habilidades de planejamento e gestão do desporto e comunicação e integração do desporto. Nas necessidades destacaram-se os conhecimentos de biodinâmica do desporto e as habilidades de avaliação e de autorreflexão. Estes resultados justificam a implementação de ações na formação de treinadores.

This study aimed to verify the potentialities and perceived needs in sport coaches training. Participated 213 coaches of collective and individual modalities of the state of Santa Catarina. For data collection was applied the Self Perception Competency Scale (EAPC), adapted from Simão (1998). Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS 11.0. The results revealed the potential knowledge of the theory and methodology of sports training, the skills of sport planning and management, and sport communication and integration. As needs, there were highlighted the biodynamic knowledge of sport, assessment and self-reflection skills. These results justify the implementation ofactions for coach training.

Grupos focais: conceitos, procedimentos e reflexões baseadas em experiências com o uso da técnica em pesquisas de saúde / Focal groups: concepts, procedures and reflections based on practical experiences of research works in the health area

Nas duas últimas décadas, constata-se um incremento significativo da utilização de grupos focais como instrumento de coleta de dados em pesquisas no campo da Saúde Coletiva no Brasil. Seja ocupando a função de técnica principal, ou como estratégia complementar de tipo qualitativa, sua adoção atende invariavelmente ao objetivo de apreender percepções, opiniões e sentimentos frente a um tema determinado num ambiente de interação. A regularidade quanto à finalidade no emprego do grupo focal contrasta com a variação observada no tocante aos requisitos e procedimentos práticos referidos. Este artigo apresenta conceitos, finalidades e procedimentos relativos à técnica de grupos focais e problematiza sua operacionalização prática na pesquisa, particularmente no campo da saúde. Com base neste objetivo, o trabalho integra uma revisão da literatura sobre grupo focal com uma reflexão derivada de experiências de utilização da técnica em estudos de avaliação em saúde, conduzidos ou orientados pela autora.

In the two last decades it has been evidenced a significant development of focal groups as a data collection instrument in researches in the field of Collective Health in Brazil. By occupying the function of main technique or as a complementary and qualitative strategy, its use attends invariably to the purpose of apprehending perceptions, opinions and feelings, once is faced to a determined theme within an interactive environment. The regularity regarding the use of the focal group technique contrasts with the observed variation of requirements and practical procedures described. This paper presents concepts, purposes and procedures related to the focal group technique and discusses its practical use in research, particularly in the health field. So this work allies data from specialized literature review with reflections arising of the author's own experience with the use of this technique, especially in health evaluation researches.