Síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo / Osteomuscular symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions

INTRODUCCIÓN. Según datos de la Organización Mundial de Salud los trastornos musculoesqueléticos son la principal causa de discapacidad en el mundo; retrasar su diagnóstico provocaría una discapacidad prevenible. OBJETIVO. Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Muestra aleatoria estratificada de 223 trabajadores, divididos en 106 galponeros y 117 personal administrativo de granjas avícolas de la provincia de Manabí. Criterios de inclusión: trabajadores mayores de 18 años de edad con al menos un año en la misma actividad. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó Epi Info versión 7. RESULTADOS. La prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en los últimos 12 meses fue mayor en los galponeros en: hombro 81,69% y columna lumbar 56,96%. Mediante un análisis a través de regresión logística se determinó que los galponeros que trabajan por más de 10 años y que realizan movimientos repetitivos en menos de un minuto, tienen mayor riesgo de presentar dolor en el hombro (IC del 95% 1,26 ­ 4,98) e (IC del 95% 1,65 ­ 5,29). CONCLUSIÓN. Se registró la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo. RECOMENDACIÓN. Es necesario contar con sistemas de vigilancia a fin de proponer estrategias públicas en la industria avícola del Ecuador

INTRODUCTION. According to data from the World Health Organization musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of disability in the world; delaying their diagnosis would result in preventable disability. OBJECTIVE. To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cross-sectional descriptive study. Stratified random sample of 223 workers, divided into 106 poultry sheds workers and 117 administrative personnel of poultry farms in the province of Manabí. Inclusion criteria: Workers over 18 years of age with at least 1 year in the same activity. Fort he data analysis, Epi Info version 7 was used. RESULTS. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the last 12 months was higher in sheds workers in: shoulder 81,69% and lumbar spine 56,96%. Using logistic regression analysis, it was determined that the sheds workers who have been working for more than 10 years and who perform repetitive movements in less than one minute have a greater risk of presenting shoulder pain (95% CI 1,26 ­ 4,98) and (95% CI 1,65 ­ 5,29). CONCLUSION. The prevalence of osteomuscular symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions was recorded. RECOMMENDATION. It is necessary to have surveillance systems in order to propose public strategies in the Ecuadorian poultry industry

Caracterización de cepas de Campylobacter jejuni obtenidas desde carne de pollo y heces de aves de corral de la zona central de Chile / Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni samples coming form poultry meat and feces

Background Campylobacter jejuni is one of the main causal agents of food borne diseases. Infections with this pathogen are mainly caused by chicken meat consumption. Aim To characterize antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in C. jejuni strains obtained from chicken meat and poultry feces in Central Chile. Material and Methods The presence of C. jejuni in 30 meat and 40 feces samples from poultry was studied. From these samples, we obtained 40 strains which were characterized at the molecular level for the presence of 16 genes involved in virulence using PCR. In parallel, antibiotic resistance for ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol y ampicillin was analyzed. Results Twenty and 63% of feces and chicken meat samples were positive for C. jejuni, respectively. Moreover, a high percentage of strains showed antibiotic resistance, where 27% of strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics, except for azithromycin. Finally, 10% of the strains coming from feces contained 14 out of 16 virulence genes evaluated. Only 23% of the strains did not contain any of these genes. Conclusions A high percentage of feces and chicken meat samples are contaminated with C. jejuni. Moreover, these strains show a high genetic and phenotypic diversity represented by their antibiotic resistance profiles and the presence of virulence factors.

Antibiotic Residues in Meat and Eggs in Taiwan: A Local Surveillance.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors of antibiotic residues in meats and eggs in Taiwan through a cross-sectional study. Methodology: From 1 Jan 2013 to 31 Dec 2014, we collected 175 samples from supermarkets (eggs, n = 50; chicken meat, n = 50; pork meat, n = 50; and fish meat, n = 25) and 175 samples from wet markets (eggs, n = 50; chicken meat, n = 50; pork meat, n = 50; and fish meat, n = 25) in Taiwan. Most samples were purchased in southern Taiwan. Results: In total, 350 samples were collected, and 8% were determined by the Premi®Test to contain antibiotic residues. Univariate analysis showed that the meat and eggs purchased from wet markets were more likely to have antibiotic residues than those purchased from supermarkets (12% vs. 4%, P = .006). Multivariate analysis showed that the suburban locale (odds ratio: 4.59; 95% confidence interval: 1.21–17.42) and the wet market type (odds ratio: 3.51; 95% confidence interval: 1.43–8.62) were two independent risk factors for meats and eggs to be positive for antibiotic residues. Conclusion: The 2013–14 meat and egg surveillance for antibiotic residues found 8% rate of positive samples. The suburban locale and wet market type were two independent risk factors for antibiotic residues to be detected in meats and eggs in Southern Taiwan. Further surveillance of antibiotic residues in meats and eggs in these high risk areas may be necessary.

Ocorrência de Campylobacter em carne de frango, fezes de frango e humanas e pesquisa dos genes cdt / Occurrence of Campylobacter in poultry, meat chicken and human feces, and cdt GENES research

Foram coletadas 100 amostras de conteúdo fecal de aves de corte, 100 de produtos de frango (coxa, sobrecoxa, asa, dorso, carne moída e fígado) e 100 de fezes de humanos, e analisadas para pesquisa de Campylobacter. Realizou-se a determinação da espécie e da presença dos genes cdt, responsáveis pela codificação da toxina citoletal distensiva (CDT), através da técnica da PCR. A bactéria foi isolada de 61% das amostras de fezes de frango, 20% de produtos de frango e 3% de fezes de humanos. A maioria dos isolados foi determinada como C. jejuni . Destes, 93,5% apresentaram os genes para a toxina CDT. Apesar de a ocorrência de Campylobacter em fezes de humanos ter sido baixa, a prevalência em frangos de corte e produtos de frango foi elevada, fato que, aliado à presença dos genes cdt na maioria dos isolados, representa risco potencial para os consumidores. Esses resultados são indicativos da necessidade de medidas preventivas no sistema de produção e de boas práticas de fabricação na indústria, de forma a minimizar a contaminação dos produtos e diminuir o risco para os consumidores.

A hundred chicken fecal samples, a hundred samples of retail poultry products and a hundred samples of human feces were collected and tested for the presence of Campylobacter. The species identification and the analysis for the presence of cdt genes, responsible for encoding the cytolethal distending toxin, were performed by PCR. Campylobacter was found in 61% of the chicken fecal samples, in 20% of the poultry products and in 3% of the human feces. Most isolates were identified as C. jejuni. In 93.5% of these isolates, the cdt genes have been detected. Despite the occurrence of Campylobacter in feces of humans has been low, the prevalence in broilers and poultry products was high, which, combined with the presence of cdt genes in most isolates, represents a potential risk to consumers. These results suggest there is a need for preventive measures in the production system and good manufacturing practices in the industry so as to minimize contamination of products and reduce the risk to consumers.