Adequacy of prenatal care considering nutritional assistance in Southern Brazil: Maternar Cohort Study / Adequação de cuidados pré-natais e assistência nutricional no Sul do Brasil: o Estudo de Coorte Maternar / Adecuación del cuidado prenatal considerando la asistencia nutricional en el sur de Brasil: Estudio de Cohorte Maternar

Abstract: We verified the prevalence of adequacy in prenatal care considering nutritional assistance and associated factors. It is a cross-sectional study, part of Maternar Cohort Study, conducted between 2018-2019 in Southern Brazil. Women were interviewed during hospitalization in the immediate postpartum period and data were collected from the prenatal chart. Prenatal adequacy and nutritional care were assessed according to criteria from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Two outcome models were constructed. Outcome 1 consisted of minimal coverage (early prenatal start and minimum number of visits) and exams, and Outcome 2 comprised minimal coverage, exams, and nutritional assistance. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios. A total of 802 women were analyzed, and we identified 57% of adequacy of Outcome 1. Unplanned pregnancy (PR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.68-0.86), parity (PR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.83-0.94) and prenatal care outside Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State (PR = 0.80; 95%CI: 0.69-0.92), were associated with lower prenatal adequacy frequencies. Outcome 2 was considered adequate for 10.2% of women. Follow-up by different professionals during prenatal care was associated with lower adequacy (PR = 0.49; 95%CI: 0.28-0.86). Women with high-risk pregnancies had a higher frequency of adequacy in Outcome 1 (PR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.07-1.37) and in Outcome 2 (PR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.16-2.64). General adequacy was considered low in both outcomes. There was a lack of nutritional assistance during prenatal care. Characteristics such as pregnancy planning, lower parity, prenatal care in Porto Alegre, follow-up by the same professional and high-risk pregnancy were predictors for the adequacy of prenatal care.

Resumo: Verificamos a prevalência de adequação da atenção pré-natal considerando a assistência nutricional e identificamos os fatores associados. O estudo transversal, parte do Estudo de Coorte Maternar, foi realizado em 2018 e 2019 no Sul do Brasil. As mulheres foram entrevistadas durante a internação no pós-parto imediato, e os dados foram coletados do cartão de pré-natal. A adequação do pré-natal e da assistência nutricional foram avaliadas de acordo com os critérios do Ministério da Saúde. Dois modelos de desfechos foram construídos. O Desfecho 1 consistia em cobertura mínima (início precoce do pré-natal e número mínimo de consultas) e exames, e o Desfecho 2, com cobertura mínima e exames, acrescidos de assistência nutricional. Foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson para estimar as razões de prevalência. Foram analisadas 802 mulheres, e identificamos 57% de adequação do Desfecho 1. A gravidez não planejada (RP = 0,76; IC95% 0,68-0,86), paridade (RP = 0,88; IC95%: 0,83-0,94) e pré-natal fora da capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RP = 0,80; IC95%: 0,69-0,92) estiveram associados a menores frequências de pré-natal adequado. O Desfecho 2 foi considerado adequado em 10,2% das mulheres. O acompanhamento por diferentes profissionais durante o pré-natal esteve associado a menor adequação (RP = 0,49; IC95%: 0,28-0,86). As mulheres com gravidez de alto risco tiveram maior frequência de adequação no Desfecho 1 (RP = 1,21; IC95%: 1,07-1,37) e no Desfecho 2 (RP = 1,75; IC95%: 1,16-2,64). A adequação geral foi considerada baixa para ambos os desfechos. Havia falta de assistência nutricional durante o atendimento pré-natal. Os preditores de adequação do pré-natal incluíam planejamento da gravidez, paridade menor, pré-natal na capital, acompanhamento pelo mesmo profissional e gestação de alto risco.

Resumen: Verificamos la prevalencia de la adecuación del cuidado prenatal, considerando factores relacionados con la asistencia nutricional, así como sus factores asociados. Se trata de un estudio trasversal, que parte del Estudio de Cohorte Maternar, realizada entre 2018-2019 en el sur de Brasil. Las mujeres fueron entrevistadas durante su hospitalización en un período inmediato al postparto y los datos se recogieron de la cartilla prenatal. La adecuación prenatal y nutricional fue evaluada según los criterios del Ministerio de Salud. Se construyeron dos modelos de resultados. El Resultado 1 consistió en una mínima cobertura (inicio temprano prenatal y mínimo número de visitas) y exámenes, y el Resultado 2 tuvo una mínima cobertura, exámenes y asistencia nutricional. La regresión de Poisson se usó para estimar las ratios de prevalencia. Se analizaron a 802 mujeres, e identificamos un 57% de adecuación al Resultado 1. Embarazo no planeado (RP = 0,76; IC95%: 0,68-0,86), paridad (RP = 0,88; IC95%: 0,83-0,94) y cuidado prenatal fuera de la capital del estado de Rio Grande do Sul (RP = 0,80; IC95%: 0,69-0,92) estuvieron asociados con frecuencias de educación más bajas durante el período prenatal. El Resultado 2 fue considerado adecuado para un 10,2% de las mujeres. El seguimiento realizado por parte de diferentes profesionales durante el cuidado prenatal estuvo asociado con una adecuación más baja (RP = 0,49; IC95%: 0,28-0,86). Las mujeres con embarazos de alto riesgo tuvieron una frecuencia más alta de adecuación en el Resultado 1 (RP = 1,21; IC95%: 1,07-1,37) y en el Resultado 2 (RP = 1,75; IC95%: 1,16-2,64). La adecuación general fue considerada baja en ambos resultados. Hubo una falta de asistencia nutricional durante el cuidado prenatal. Características tales como: planificación de los embarazos, paridad más baja, cuidado prenatal en la capital, seguimiento por el mismo profesional y embarazo de alto riesgo fueron predictores para la idoneidad del cuidado prenatal.

Awareness, Attitude and Behaviour Related to the Intake of Dietary Supplements among Malaysian Pregnant Women

@#Introduction: With the expanding need of nutrients to support fetal growth during pregnancy, pregnant women are recommended to take dietary supplements. However, the intake of these supplements in Malaysia are not much reported. We aimed to determine the awareness, attitude and behaviour among pregnant women related to intake of dietary supplements during pregnancy and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant women attending Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Clinic at Penang General Hospital between April and June 2018. Convenience sampling was used, and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Awareness, attitude and behaviour were reported as frequency and percentages, and logistic regression was used to report associated factors. Analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22). Results: A total of 273 respondents completed the questionnaires. While the awareness level on the role of dietary supplements during pregnancy is high (87.9%, n=240), only half of the respondents had a good attitude (53.5%, n=146) and had been taking essential supplements during pregnancy (49.1%, n=134). Having health problem was inversely associated with a good attitude towards the use of dietary supplements (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.88), while respondents with a good awareness and a good attitude were more likely to consume dietary supplements (OR: 6.51, 95% CI 2.42 – 17.55, OR: 2.07, 95% CI 1.26 – 3.41, respectively). Conclusion: While the awareness level on the role of dietary supplements during pregnancy is high, only half of the respondents had a good attitude towards its intake and had been taking essential supplements during pregnancy.

New outpatient mode based on mobile internet for pregnancy nutrition / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore a new outpatient mode for pregnancy nutrition to adapt to digital hospital.Methods The outpatient management mode and methods were analyzed for pregnancy nutrition.A new outpatient mode combining the technologies of mobile internet and remote monitoring was developed with consideration on standardization,and the effect of the new mode was discussed on pregnancy nutrition outpatient.Results Mobile internet technology and remote monitoring technology contributed to enhancing the efficiency of pregnancy nutrition outpatient,and facilitated the nutrition service of common pregnant women as well as the precision and individualized nutrition management of high-risk ones such as those with gestational diabetes mellitus.Conclusion The new outpatient mode enhances the doctor's efficiency and pregnancy care,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

A clinical analysis of the non-diabetic factors and fetal macrosomia / 医学研究生学报

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia and their mothers.Methods: A retrospective case control study design was used to analyze 149 cases of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia and their mothers with the normal oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) by comparison with 166 randomly included newborns of normal birth weight.Results: More cases of non-diabetic fetal macrosomia were found in the male neonates.The body weight,height,FL and BPD averaged significantly higher in the macrosomia group than in the control,and so did the body weight,height,uterus height,abdominal circumference and gestational age of the mothers.The rates of cesarean section and other obstetric complications were also higher in the macrosomia group.Conclusion: Different from the diabetic macrosomic fetus,the non-diabetic macrosomic fetus is a normal one,the incidence of which is associated with mothers'excessiver pregnancy nutrition as well as with genetic factors.